November 26,
2005 Update
TOWNSHIP
17 SOUTH, RANGE 15 EAST, PIMA COUNTY, ARIZONA
Gila
and Salt River Baseline and Meridian
Major Contributor and Source:
Matthew B. Johnson, Program Manager and Curator of the Desert Legume Program -
Boyce Thompson Southwestern Arboretum. William T. Kendall. J. M. Pyle and Family. Jim Erickson, 1998, 2 Areas Near Santa
Ritas Sought for Conservation, Park, the
Species Distribution Lists are being developed to encourage and promote the conservation of local native animals and plants. They are developed for legally defined geographic areas, and larger bodies of water. They are provided to environmental consultants, property owners, and government agencies interested in promoting conservation. Listings include species reported as having been observed in or reported from the described area.
Due to continuing additions and corrections the listings should be considered a work in progress. Species once reported as having occurred within the described area, but that no longer occurs there are shown are having been EXTIRPATED. This list includes species that are not native to Arizona (EXOTIC). Exotic plants are not recommended for use in landscaping or restoration projects. Disjunct species, outliers and plants on the edge of the main population, as observed by the surveyor, are noted as being PERIPHERAL PLANT(S). Landscaped plants are not included in the listings unless they have become naturalized in the surrounding native environment.
Local native vegetation is recommended for use in landscaping and restoration projects. To determine what could be considered as local native vegetation look at both the project township and the eight contiguous townships for plants of similar habitat and elevation. Plants should be planted in their approximate original habitat and density. Use of native plants encourages native animals to remain in the area and helps to retain the areas natural beauty, unique identity and heritage.
Appreciation is expressed to the
officers and staff of the Arizona Department of Agriculture, the Arizona Game
and Fish Department,
Species Distribution Lists are periodically updated and revised. These listings have been created and maintained by William T. Kendall. Comments, the reporting of corrections, the reporting of unrecorded species in townships and the reporting of information relating to the historical distribution of species would be greatly appreciated, and may be sent by mail to: Kendall Environmental Surveys, P.O. Box 87967, Tucson, Arizona 85754-7967, or E-mail to: KendallEnvironmentalSurveys@msn.com.
DISCLAIMER: The information presented as township notes has been obtained from large scale mapping and should be used only as a general guide. Information used in these lists is accepted from biologists and individuals interested in helping to promote the conservation of our natural resources. Mistakes are made in the identification of species and in the recording of information, and changes in nomenclature occur. For these reasons I can not and do not warrant the accuracy of these listings.
CAUTION: Many native desert plants have sharp thorns and spines. Care should be given when handling them and consideration should be given to public safety at sites where they are to be planted.
This photograph was
taken looking northeast, the
are in the background. WTK August 2005
The following are a few of the plants reported from this township that might be useful in landscaping and restoration projects. Trees and Large Shrubs: Saguaro (Carnegiea gigantea), Velvet Mesquite (Prosopis velutina), Blue Paloverde (Parkinsonia florida), Desert Willow (Chilopsis linearis subsp. arcuata), Catclaw Acacia (Acacia greggii var. greggii), Soaptree Yucca (Yucca elata var. elata), Desert Hackberry (Celtis pallida), Common Sotol (Dasylirion wheeleri), Longleaf Joint-fir (Ephedra trifurca), Wild Cotton (Gossypium thurberi), Chainfruit Cholla (Opuntia fulgida var. fulgida), Fishhook Barrel Cactus (Ferocactus wislizeni), Whitethorn Acacia (Acacia constricta), Greythorn (Ziziphus obtusifolia var. canescens), Creosote Bush (Larrea tridentata var. tridentata) and Desert Honeysuckle (Anisacanthus thurberi). Vines and Climbers: Pipevine Flower (Aristolochia watsoni). Shrubs and Large Grasses: Arizona Yucca (Yucca baccata var. brevifolia), Four-wing Saltbush (Atriplex canescens), Wright Sacaton (Sporobolus wrightii), Desert Pricklypear Cactus (Opuntia engelmannii var. engelmannii), Plains Bristlegrass (Setaria vulpiseta), Sideoats Grama (Bouteloua curtipendula), Desert Christmas Cholla (Opuntia leptocaulis), White Brittlebush (Encelia farinosa), Arizona Cottontop (Digitaria californica), Rock Hibiscus (Hibiscus denudatus), Tanglehead (Heteropogon contortus) and Bush Muhly (Muhlenbergia porteri). Subshrubs, Herbs and Small Succulents: Blackspine Pricklypear Cactus (Opuntia macrocentra var. macrocentra), Mariola (Parthenium incanum), Parry Penstemon (Penstemon parryi), Cooper Paperflower (Psilostrophe cooperi), Brownfoot (Acourtia wrightii), Bundle Hedgehog Cactus (Echinocereus fendleri var. fasciculatus), Desert Senna (Senna covesii), Yellow Menodora (Menodora scabra), Mexican Gold Poppy (Eschscholzia californica subsp. mexicana), Bluedicks (Dichelostemma capitatum subsp. pauciflorum), Desert Marigold (Baileya multiradiata), Hairyseed Bahia (Bahia absinthifolia), Desert Zinnia (Zinnia acerosa), Common Dogweed (Thymophylla pentachaeta var. pentachaeta), Desert Holly (Acourtia nana), Graham Pincushion Cactus (Mammillaria grahamii var. grahamii) and Desert Fluffgrass (Dasyochloa pulchella).
Township Notes
Location: This township is
located in east-central
Landmarks: A northwestern portion
of the
Elevation: Elevations range from
approximately 2,855 feet at the northwest corner to approximately 4.580 feet near
the southeast corner in the foothills of the
Soil: Soils are described as thermic (hot) arid and semiarid soils (soils with mean annual temperatures of 59 degrees to 72 degrees Fahrenheit (15 degrees to 22 degrees Centigrade) and 10 to 16 inches (25 to 41 cm) mean annual precipitation) of the Anthony-Sonoita Association (deep, arid soils on the alluvial fans and valley slopes), Continental-Sonoita-Tubac Association (deep, arid soils on uplands), White House-Bernardino-Caralampi Association (deep, semiarid soils on uplands) and the Rock Outcrop-Lampshire-Cellar Association (rock outcrops and very shallow, and shallow, semiarid soils of the mountains and foothills) (3).
Biotic Community: Portions of this township are located within the Arizona Upland Subdivision of the Sonoran Desertscrub Regional Formation of the Desertscrub Formation and the Scrub-Grassland (Semidesert Grassland) Regional Formation of the Grassland Formation with associated Wetlands (4).
Maps created with TOPO! R C 2002 National Geographic
Map of Township Showing Adjacent Sections
The
The ARIZONA NATIVE PLANT SOCIETY
is a statewide nonprofit organization devoted to
Contact:
The DESERT SURVIVORS NATIVE PLANT
NURSERY
http://www.desertsurvivors.org/nursery.asp
The DESERT SURVIVORS NATIVE PLANT NURSERY
sells many local native plants and is willing to consider growing any native
plant for which there is a buyer.
Contact: Desert Survivors Native Plant
Nursery, 1020 West Starr Pass Boulevard, Tucson, Arizona 85713, 520-791-9309.
The
The TUCSON CACTUS AND SUCCULENT SOCIETY is a non-profit organization dedicated to educating, teaching and learning about cacti and succulent plants. Their monthly programs feature knowledgeable individuals who can educate you and help you understand more about these fascinating plants. They conduct and sponsor native cactus and succulent rescue operations, plant sales, field trips, nursery and garden visits, conventions and conferences as well as other activities throughout the year.
NATIVE PLANT RESCUE NOTICE
(The Tucson Cactus and Succulent Society puts
a tremendous amount of time and effort
into the
organizing and overseeing of their rescue
events. The native plant rescues carried out by the dedicated
members of the Society provide an immeasurable service to our community.)
The TUCSON CACTUS AND SUCCULENT
SOCIETY organizes native plant rescues in areas being cleared for development.
If interested in rescuing plants and/or obtaining local native plants for your
landscaping or restoration project join the Society and become a rescue crew
member.
Contact: Tucson Cactus and
Succulent Society, PO Box 64759, Tucson, Arizona 85728-4759, 520-885-6367.
LISTING OF PLANTS
Acanthaceae: The Acanthus Family
Anisacanthus thurberi (J. Torrey) A. Gray (5): Anisacanthus, Chuparosa, Colegayo, Desert Honeysuckle, Thurber Anisacanthus, Thurber’s Desert-honeysuckle (terrestrial perennial shrub (to 8 feet high) (6); within range reported from canyon bottoms and along washes and streambeds 2,500 to 5,500 feet elevation; useful as an ornamental; this plant is browsed by wildlife; the flowers are pollinated by hummingbirds)
Agavaceae: The Century-plant Family
Dasylirion wheeleri S. Watson: Cactus Spoon, Common Sotol, Desert Spoon, Sotol, Spoon Flower, Spoon Plant, Wheeler Dasylirion, Wheeler Sotol (terrestrial perennial evergreen subshrub or shrub (under 8 feet high with a flowering spike reaching to 15 feet in height); within range reported from mesas, canyons, rocky slopes, ridges, bajadas and rocky and gravelly hillsides 4,000 to 6,000 feet elevation; useful as an ornamental; browsed by bighorn sheep)
Yucca baccata J. Torrey var. brevifolia (H.W. Schott ex J. Torrey) L. Benson & R.A. Darrow (Yucca arizonica S.A. McKelvey, Yucca thornberi S.A. McKelvey): Arizona Yucca, Banana Yucca, Datil, Palma Criolla, Spanish Dagger, Thornber Yucca (terrestrial perennial evergreen herb, subshrub or shrub (under 7 feet high with a flowering stalk reaching to 5 feet in height); within range reported from mesas, canyons, slopes, hills, bajadas, plains, gravelly flats, valleys and along washes and arroyos 3,000 to 5,000 feet elevation; useful as an ornamental)
Yucca elata (G. Engelmann) G. Engelmann var. elata: Amole, Datil, Palmilla, Palmlilja Jukka, Pamilla, Pamella, Soaptree, Soaptree Yucca, Soap Weed, Spanish Bayonet (terrestrial perennial narrow-leaved evergreen, palm-like shrub or tree (25 feet high or more with a flowering stalk reaching to 6 feet or more in height); within range reported from mesas, hills, bajadas, plains, gravelly flats, valleys and along washes and arroyos 1,500 to 6,000 feet elevation; useful as an ornamental)
Amaranthaceae: The Amaranth Family
Tidestromia lanuginosa (T. Nuttall) P.C. Standley: Espanta Vaqueras, Herba Lanuda, Hierba Ceniza, Honeysweet, Woolly Honeysweet, Woolly Tidestromia (terrestrial summer annual herb; within range reported from canyons, rocky slopes, flats, along washes, floodplains and disturbed areas below 5,500 feet elevation)
Aristolochiaceae: The Birthwort Family
Aristolochia watsoni E.O. Wooton & P.C. Standley: Dutchman’s Pipevine, Hierba del Indio, Indian-root, Pipevine Flower, Raiz del Indio, Watson’s Dutchman’s Pipe, Watson Indian Root (terrestrial perennial herbaceous vine; within range reported from rocky slopes, bajadas, gravelly flats, along washes, floodplains and disturbed areas 2,000 to 4,500 feet elevation)
Asteraceae: The Aster Family
(Compositae: The Sunflower Family)
Acourtia nana (A. Gray) J.L. Reveal & G. King (Perezia nana A. Gray): Desert Holly, Dwarf Desertpeony (terrestrial perennial herb; within range reported from mesas, bajadas, slopes and gravelly flats below 6,000 feet elevation; useful as an ornamental)
Acourtia wrightii (A. Gray) J.L. Reveal & G. King (Perezia wrightii A. Gray): Brownfoot, Desert Holly, Perezia, Pink Perezia (terrestrial perennial herb; within range reported from canyons, rocky slopes, foothills, gravelly bajadas and flats below 6,000 feet elevation; useful as an ornamental)
Ambrosia ambrosioides (A.J. Cavanilles) F.W. Payne (Franseria ambrosioides A.J. Cavanilles): Ambrosia Leaf Burr Ragweed, Canyon Ragweed, Chicura, Leaf Burr Ragweed (terrestrial perennial subshrub or shrub (under 4 feet high); within range reported from canyon bottoms, rocky slopes, rock crevices, roadsides, washes and streambeds below 4,500 feet elevation)
Ambrosia confertiflora A.P. de Condolle (Franseria confertiflora (A.P. de Condolle) P.A. Rydberg): Altamisa de Playa, Bursage Ragweed, Estafiate, Field Ragweed, Slimleaf Bursage, Weakleaf Burr Ragweed, Weak-leaved Burweed (terrestrial perennial herb; within range reported from mesas, slopes, roadsides, washes, floodplains and disturbed areas 1,000 to 6,500 feet elevation)
Baccharis sarothroides A. Gray: Amargo, Broom Baccharis, Desert Broom, Desertbroom, Escoba, Hierba del Pasmo, Mexican Broom, Romerillo, Rosin Brush (terrestrial perennial shrub (to 10 feet high); within range reported from hills, flats, roadsides, along washes and streambeds, floodplains, bottom lands and disturbed areas 1,000 to 5,500 feet elevation; useful as an ornamental, consider planting male plants only to eliminate seed production)
Baileya multiradiata W.H. Harvey & A. Gray ex A. Gray: Baileya del Desierto, Desert Baileya, Desert Marigold, Hierba Amarilla, Many-flowered Desert-marigold, Paper Daisy, Wild Marigold (terrestrial annual, biennial or perennial herb; within range reported from mesas, bajadas, sandy gravelly flats, roadsides and washes below 5,000 feet elevation; useful as an ornamental)
Centaurea melitensis C. Linnaeus: Cardo, Malta Centaurea, Malta Thistle, Maltese Centaury, Maltese Cockspur, Malta Starthistle, Maltese Star-thistle, Napa Starthistle, Saucy Jack, Tocalote (terrestrial winter annual or biennial herb; within range reported from rocky slopes, roadsides, along washes, floodplains and disturbed areas below 7,000 feet elevation. EXOTIC Invasive Plant; poses a significant threat to native habitat)
Cirsium neomexicanum A. Gray: Desert Thistle, New Mexico Thistle, Mexican Thistle (terrestrial biennial or perennial herb; within range reported from mesas, rocky slopes, foothills, bajadas, plains, roadsides and disturbed areas 1,000 to 6,500 feet elevation)
Conyza bonariensis (C. Linnaeus) A.J. Cronquist (Erigeron linifolius C.L. von Willldenow): Argentiinankoiransilmä, Asthma Weed, Asthmaweed, Flax-leaved Fleabane, Fleabane, Hairy Fleabane, Horseweed (terrestrial annual or biennial herb; within range reported from washes and river bottoms, floodplains, moist soils and disturbed areas 1,000 feet elevation. EXOTIC Invasive Plant)
Encelia farinosa A. Gray ex J. Torrey: Brittlebush, Button Brittlebush, Goldenhills, Hierba Cenisa, Hierba de Gusano, Hierba de las Animas, Hierba del Vaso, Incienso, Rama Blanca, White Brittlebush (terrestrial perennial subshrub or shrub (to 3 feet high); within range reported from mesas, rocky slopes, bajadas, flats and washes below 3,000 feet elevation; useful as an ornamental)
Encelia frutescens (A. Gray) A. Gray var. frutescens: Button Brittlebush, Green Brittlebush, Rayless Encelia (terrestrial perennial subshrub or shrub (to 3 feet high); within range reported from mesas, rocky slopes, bajadas, flats, roadsides and disturbed areas below 4,000 feet elevation)
Ericameria laricifolia (A. Gray) L.H. Shinners (Haplopappus (Aplopappus) laricifolius A. Gray): Larch-leaf Goldenweed, Turpentine Bush, Turpentine Brush (terrestrial perennial subshrub or shrub (to 3 feet high); within range reported from canyons, mesas, rocky slopes and flats 3,000 to 6,000 feet elevation; useful as an ornamental)
Gutierrezia microcephala (A.P. de Condolle) A. Gray: Sticky Snakeweed, Threadleaf Snakeweed, Three-leaf Snakeweed (terrestrial perennial herb, subshrub or shrub (to 2 feet high); within range reported from rocky slopes, hills, bajadas, washes, floodplains and disturbed areas 3,500 to 6,500 feet elevation)
Hymenoclea monogyra J. Torrey & A. Gray ex A. Gray: Burrobrush, Jecota, Leafy Burrobush, Leafy Burrobrush, Romerillo, Singlewhorl Burrobrush (terrestrial perennial shrub (to 6? feet high); within range reported from sandy washes and streambeds 1,000 to 4,000 feet elevation; useful as an ornamental and in controlling erosion)
Isocoma tenuisecta E.L. Greene (Aplopappus
tenuisectus (E.L. Greene) J. Blake,
Haplopappus tenuisectus (E.L. Greene) J. Blake): Burroweed, Hierba del Burrow (terrestrial
perennial herb, subshrub or shrub (to 3 feet high); within range reported from
mesas, rocky slopes, bajadas, plains, gravelly flats, roadsides and disturbed
areas 2,000 to 5,500 feet elevation; useful as an ornamental)
Parthenium incanum K.S. Kunth in Humbolt, Bonpland and Kunth: Crowded Rayweed, Mariola (terrestrial perennial subshrub; within range reported from mesas, canyons, rocky slopes, plains and gravelly flats 2,500 to 6,000 feet elevation; useful as an ornamental)
Porophyllum gracile G. Bentham: Deerweed, Hierba del Venado, Odora, Poreleaf, Slender Poreleaf (terrestrial perennial subshrub or shrub (to 2 feet high); within range reported from mesas, canyons, rocky slopes, hills, gravelly bajadas, gravelly flats and washes below 4,000 feet elevation)
Psilostrophe cooperi (A. Gray) E.L. Greene: Cooper Paperflower, Paper Daisy, Paper Flower, Whitestem Paperflower, Yellow Paper Daisy (terrestrial perennial subshrub or shrub (to 2 feet high); within range reported from mesas, rocky slopes, bajadas, plains, gravelly flats and floodplains 2,000 to 5,000 feet; useful as an ornamental elevation)
Rafinesquia neomexicana A. Gray: Desert Chicory, Desert Dandelion, Goatsbeard, New Mexico Plumeseed (terrestrial winter annual herb; within range reported from mesas, rocky slopes and plains 200 to 3,000 feet elevation)
Thymophylla pentachaeta (A.P. de Condolle) J.K. Small var. pentachaeta (Dyssodia pentachaeta (A.P. de Condolle) B.J Robinson): Common Dogweed, Dogweed, Fiveneedle Pricklyleaf, Golden Dogweed, Golden Dyssodia, Parralena, Parvialena, Scale Glandbush, Thurber Dyssodia (terrestrial perennial herb, subshrub or shrub (under 1 foot high); within range reported from mesas, rocky slopes, flats, roadsides and disturbed areas 2,500 to 4,500 feet elevation; useful as an ornamental; larval food plant of the Dainty Sulfur)
Uropappus linearifolius T. Nuttall (Microseris lindleyi (A.P. de Condolle) A. Gray, Microseris linearifolia (T. Nuttall) C.H. Schultz: Hierba de Pasmo, Lindley’s Silverpuffs, Linearleaf Microseris, Narrowleaf Microseris, Silver Puffs (terrestrial winter annual herb; within range reported from mesas, rocky slopes, bajadas, plains, roadsides and disturbed areas below 5,000 feet elevation)
Verbesina encelioides (A.J. Cavanilles) G. Bentham & W.J. Hooker f. ex A. Gray subsp. exauriculata (B.J. Robinson & J.M. Greenman) J.R. Coleman: Butter-daisy, Cow Pasture Daisy, Cowpen Daisy, Crownbeard, Girasolillo, Golden Crownbeard, Hierba de la Bruja (terrestrial long lived annual or perennial herb; within range reported from rocky slopes, gravelly flats, roadsides, washes, floodplains and disturbed areas below 7,000 feet elevation)
Zinnia acerosa (A.P. de Condolle) A. Gray (Zinnia pumila A. Gray): Desert Zinnia, Spinyleaf Zinnia, White Zinnia, Wild Zinnia (terrestrial perennial subshrub or shrub (under 1 foot high); within range reported from mesas, rocky slopes, gravelly bajadas, gravelly flats and floodplains 2,500 to 5,000 feet elevation; useful as an ornamental)
Bignoniaceae: The Trumpet-creeper Family
Chilopsis linearis (A.J. Cavanilles) R. Sweet subsp. arcuata (F.R. Fosberg) Henrickson (Chilopsis linearis (A.J. Cavanilles) R. Sweet var. arcuata F.R. Fosberg): Desert Catalpa, Desert Willow, Flowering Willow, Jano, Mimbre, Western Desert-willow (terrestrial perennial deciduous shrub or tree (to 25 feet high or more); within range reported from roadsides and along washes and streams below 6,000 feet elevation; useful in erosion control and as an ornamental)
Boraginaceae: The Borage Family
Amsinckia menziesii (J.G. Lehmann) A. Nelson & J.F. Macbride var, intermedia (F.E. von Fischer & C.A. Mey) F.R. Ganders (Amsinckia echinata A. Gray, Amsinckia intermedia F.E. von Fischer & C.A. Mey, Amsinckia intermedia F.E. von Fischer & C.A. Mey var. echinata (A. Gray) I.L. Wiggins): Coast Fiddleneck, Common Fiddleneck, Fiddleneck, Devil’s Lettuce, Fiddleneck, Finger Weed, Kurttukeltalemmikki, Menzies Fiddleneck, Ranchers Fireweed, Sacoto Gordo, Tarweed, Yellow Burnweed, Yellow Burrweed, Yellow Forget Me Not, Yellow Tarweed (terrestrial winter annual herb; within range reported from rocky slopes, gravelly flats, roadsides and along washes below 5,000 feet elevation)
Cactaceae: The Cactus Family
Carnegiea gigantea (G. Engelmann) N.L. Britton & J.N. Rose (Cereus giganteus G. Engelmann): Giant Cactus, Saguaro, Sahuaro (terrestrial perennial succulent tree (to 50 feet high or more); within range reported from canyon walls, rocky and gravelly slopes, ridges and foothills, rocky hill sides, bajadas, plains, gravelly flats, valleys and along washes and arroyos below 5,100 feet elevation; white-wing doves as well as other birds and animals feed on the saguaro seeds during fruiting season; Gila Woodpeckers and Gilded Flickers make holes in this plant for their nests which are later utilized by Elf Owls; useful as an ornamental)
Carnegiea gigantea (G. Engelmann) N.L. Britton & J.N. Rose (Carnegiea gigantea (G. Engelmann) N.L. Britton & J.N. Rose forma cristata, Cereus giganteus G. Engelmann forma cristata): Crested Saguaro, Fan Top Saguaro, Fishtail Saguaro, Saguaro - Crested Form (terrestrial perennial succulent tree (to 50 feet high or more); within range reported from canyon walls, rocky and gravelly slopes, ridges and foothills, rocky hill sides, bajadas, plains, gravelly flats, valleys and along washes and arroyos below 5,100 feet elevation; white-wing doves as well as other birds and animals feed on the saguaro seeds during fruiting season; Gila Woodpeckers and Gilded Flickers make holes in this plant for their nests which are later utilized by Elf Owls; useful as an ornamental)
Coryphantha scheeri (F. Müehlenpfordt) L. Benson var. robustispina (H.W. Schott) L. Benson (Mammillaria robustispina H.W. Schott ex G. Engelmann): Longtubercle Beehive Cactus, Devil’s Pincushion, Pima Pineapple Cactus, Scheer’s Strong-spined Cory Cactus, Stout-needled Cory Cactus, Stout-needled Mulee Pineapple (terrestrial perennial succulent subshrub or shrub (under 1 foot high); within range reported from mesas, ridges, bajadas, slopes and flats. PERIPHERAL PLANT(S))
Echinocactus horizonthalonius C. Lemaire var. nicholii L. Benson: Bisnaga Manca Caballo, Bisnaga Meloncillo, Blue Barrel, Devilshead, Eagle’s Claw, Manco Mula, Meloncillo, Nichol’s Echinocactus, Nichol Turk’s-head Cactus, Nichol Woolly-headed Cactus, Turk’s Head (terrestrial perennial succulent subshrub or shrub (under 2 feet high); within range reported from mountains, ridges, hills, bajadas, slopes and flats below 3600 feet elevation. Unable to relocate the plants reported in order to verify this observation.)
Echinocereus fendleri (G. Engelmann) F. Seitz var. fasciculatus (G. Engelmann ex B.D. Jackson) N.P. Taylor (Echinocereus fasciculatus (G. Engelmann ex B.D. Jackson) L. Benson, Echinocereus fendleri (G. Engelmann) K.T. Rümpler var. robustus (R.H. Peebles) L. Benson, Mammillaria fasciculata G. Engelmann ex B.D. Jackson): Bundle Hedgehog Cactus, Pinkflower Hedgehog Cactus, Robust Hedgehog Cactus (terrestrial perennial succulent subshrub or shrub (under 2 feet high); within range reported from rocky slopes, hills, bajadas, gravelly flats, valleys and along washes 2,000 to 3,000 feet elevation; useful as an ornamental)
Ferocactus wislizeni (G. Engelmann) N.L. Britton & J.N. Rose: Arizona Barrel Cactus, Barrel Cactus, Bisnaga, Biznaga, Biznaga de Agua, Biznagre, Candy Barrelcactus, Compass Barrel, Compass Plant, Fishhook Barrel Cactus, Southwest Barrel Cactus, Southwestern Barrel Cactus, Visnaga, Wislizenus Barrel, Yellow-spined Barrel Cactus (terrestrial perennial succulent subshrub, shrub or tree (to 11 feet high); within range reported from canyon walls, rocky slopes, hills, bajadas, plains, gravelly flats and along washes and arroyos below 4,500 feet elevation; useful as an ornamental)
Ferocactus wislizeni (G. Engelmann) N.L. Britton & J.N. Rose (Ferocactus wislizeni (G. Engelmann) N.L. Britton & J.N. Rose forma cristata): Bisnaga, Biznaga, Candy Barrelcactus - Crested Form, Crested Fishhook Barrel Cactus (terrestrial perennial succulent subshrub, shrub or tree (to 11 feet high); within range reported from canyon walls, rocky slopes, hills, bajadas, gravelly flats and along washes below 4,500 feet elevation)
Mammillaria grahamii G. Engelmann var. grahamii (Mammillaria microcarpa G. Engelmann): Arizona Fishhook Cabeza de Viejo Cekida, Cactus, Biznaguita, Fishhook Cactus, Graham Fishhook, Graham’s Nipple Cactus, Graham Pincushion Cactus, Lizard Catcher (terrestrial perennial succulent subshrub or shrub (under 6 inches high); within range reported from rocky slopes, rock outcrops, rocky hillsides, boulder crevices, gravelly flats, valleys and along washes below 4,500 feet elevation; useful as an ornamental)
Opuntia sp.: Pricklypear Cactus (EXOTIC. observed growing in wash north of Corona de Tucson after having been dumped there)
Opuntia arbuscula G. Engelmann: Arizona Pencil Cholla, Bush Pencil Cholla, Pencil Cholla (terrestrial perennial succulent subshrub or shrub (to 9 feet high); within range reported from rocky slopes, bajadas, plains, gravelly flats, valleys and along washes and arroyos 1,000 to 3,000 feet elevation; useful as an ornamental)
Opuntia engelmannii J.F. Salm-Reifferscheid-Dyck var. engelmannii (Opuntia phaeacantha G. Engelmann var. discata (D. Griffiths) L. Benson & D.L. Walkington): Abrojo, Cactus Apple, Desert Pricklypear Cactus, Engelmann Pricklypear, Flaming Pricklypear, Joconostle, Nopal, Prickly Pear, Vela de Coyote (terrestrial perennial succulent subshrub or shrub (to 4 feet high); within range reported from canyon bottoms, rocky slopes, ridges, bajadas, slopes, benches, rocky and gravelly flats, valleys, and along washes, gullies and arroyos 1,000 to 6,500 feet elevation; useful as an ornamental; provides cover for many desert animals)
Opuntia fulgida G. Engelmann var. fulgida: Chain Cholla, Chain-fruit Cholla, Cholla, Cholla Brincadora, Choya, Jumping Cholla, Sonora Jumping Cholla, Velas de Ccoyote (terrestrial perennial succulent subshrub, shrub or tree (to 15 feet high); within range reported from mesas, rocky slopes, hills, bajadas, plains, gravelly flats, valleys and along washes below 4,000 feet elevation; useful as an ornamental)
Opuntia fulgida G. Engelmann var. fulgida forma cristata: Crested Chain Cholla, Crested Chain-fruit Cholla, Cholla, Cholla Brincadora, Choya, Jumping Cholla, Sonora Jumping Cholla, Velas de Ccoyote (terrestrial perennial succulent subshrub, shrub or tree (to 15 feet high); within range reported from mesas, rocky slopes, hills, bajadas, plains, gravelly flats, valleys and along washes below 4,000 feet elevation; useful as an ornamental)
Opuntia fulgida G. Engelmann var. mammillata (H.W. Schott ex G. Engelmann) T. Coulter: Cholla Brincadora, Cholla, Jumping Cholla, Smooth Chain-fruit Cholla, Velas de Coyote (terrestrial perennial succulent subshrub, shrub or tree (to 15 feet high); within range reported from hills, bajadas, gravelly flats and along washes below 4,000 feet elevation; useful as an ornamental)
Opuntia leptocaulis A.P. de Candolle: Agujilla, Christmas Cactus, Christmas Cholla, Darning Needle Cactus, Desert Christmas Cactus, Desert Christmas Cholla, Holycross Cholla, Pipestem Cactus, Rattail Cactus, Tajasilla, Tasajillo, Tesajo (terrestrial perennial succulent subshrub or shrub (to 3 feet high); within range reported from mesas, rocky slopes, bajadas, plains, gravelly flats, valleys, along washes and arroyos and bottomlands and floodplains 200 to 5,000 feet elevation; useful as an ornamental)
Opuntia macrocentra G. Engelmann var. macrocentra (Opuntia violacea G. Engelmann ex B.D. Jackson var. macrocentra (G. Engelmann) L. Benson; Opuntia violacea G. Engelmann ex B.D. Jackson var. violacea): Black-spined Pricklypear, Duranzilla, Long-spined Pricklypear, Purple Pricklypear (terrestrial perennial succulent subshrub, shrub or tree (to 2 feet high); within range reported from hills, bajadas, slopes, flats, valleys and along washes 2,000 to 5,500 feet elevation; useful as an ornamental)
Opuntia phaeacantha G. Engelmann var. laevis (T. Coulter) L. Benson (Opuntia laevis T. Coulter): Smooth Pricklypear, Tulip Pricklypear (terrestrial perennial succulent subshrub or shrub (to 5 feet high); within range reported from canyons, cliff ledges, slopes and valleys 2,500 to 4,500 feet elevation; useful as an ornamental)
Opuntia phaeacantha G. Engelmann var. major G. Engelmann: Abrojo, Joconostle, Major Pricklypear, Mojave Pricklypear, Nopal, Sprawling Prickly Pear, Vela de Coyote, Yellow Pricklypear (terrestrial perennial succulent subshrub or shrub (to 5 feet high); within range reported from rocky slopes, hills, bajadas, flats and valleys in sandy, gravelly or rocky soils 1,000 to 7,500 feet elevation; useful as an ornamental; provides cover for many desert animals)
Opuntia spinosior (G. Engelmann) J.W. Toumey: Cane Cholla, Cardenche, Handgrip Cholla, Spiny Cholla, Tasajo, Walkingstick Cactus, Walking Stick Cholla (terrestrial perennial succulent subshrub, shrub or tree (to 10 feet high); within range reported from mountainsides, canyons, hills, bajadas, gravelly flats, valleys, along washes and arroyos and floodplains 1,000 to 5,000+ feet elevation; useful as an ornamental)
Opuntia tetracantha J.W. Toumey (Opuntia kleiniae A.P. de Candolle var. tetracantha (J.W. Toumey) W.T. Marshall): Candle Cholla, Four-spined Cholla, Klein Pencil Cholla, Pencil Joint Cholla, Tucson Cholla (terrestrial perennial succulent subshrub or shrub (to 7 fee high); within range reported from rocky slopes, bajadas, rocky and gravelly flats and along washes 2,000 to 3,500 feet elevation; useful as an ornamental)
Peniocereus greggii (G. Engelmann) N.L. Britton & J.N. Rose var. transmontanus (G. Engelmann) Backeberg: Arizona Queen of the Night, Chaparral Cactus, Deerhorn Cactus, Desert Night-blooming Cereus, Desert Threadcereus, Nightblooming Cereus, Queen of the Night, Reina de la Noche (terrestrial perennial succulent subshrub or shrub (to 8 feet high); within range reported from bajadas, gravelly flats and along washes 1,000 to 3,500 feet elevation; useful as an ornamental, plant under desert shrubs such as the Creosote Bush, Foothill Paloverde and Velvet Mesquite for support and protection, the large (2-3 inch) flowers are very fragrant)
Sclerocactus erectocentrus (T. Coulter) N.P. Taylor: Redspine Fishhook Cactus (terrestrial perennial succulent subshrub or shrub (under 1 foot high); within range reported from hills, bajadas, slopes and flats 1,000 to 4,500 feet elevation; includes Echinomastus erectocentrus (T. Coulter) N.L. Britton & J.N. Rose var. acunensis (W.T. Marshall) L. Benson (Neolloydia erectocentra (T. Coulter) L. Benson var. acunensis (W.T. Marshall) L. Benson): Acuna Cactus, Bisnagitas, Red-spined Pineapple Cactus (terrestrial perennial succulent subshrub or shrub (under 6 inches high); within range reported from ridges and bajadas 1,200 to 2,300 feet elevation) and Echinomastus erectocentrus (T. Coulter) N.L. Britton & J.N. Rose var. erectocentrus (Neolloydia erectocentra (T. Coulter) L. Benson var. erectocentra: Bisnagitas, Needle-spined Pineapple Cactus, Redspine Fishhook Cactus (terrestrial perennial succulent subshrub or shrub (under 1 foot high); within range reported from hills, bajadas, slopes and flats 1,000 to 4,500 feet elevation. PERIPHERAL PLANT(S))
Chenopodiaceae: The Goosefoot Family
Atriplex canescens (F.T. Pursh) T. Nuttall: Cenizo, Chamiso, Chamiso Cenizo, Chamiza, Costilla de Vaca, Four-wing Saltbush, Narrow-leaf Saltbush, Narrowleaf Wingscale, Thinleaf Fourwing Saltbush, Grey Sage Brush, Orache, Saladillo, Wngscale (terrestrial perennial evergreen shrub (3 to 6 feet high); within range reported from rocky slopes, gravelly and sandy flats and along washes below 6,500 feet elevation; useful as an ornamental and in controlling erosion)
Convolvulaceae: The Morning-glory Family
Evolvulus alsinoides (C. Linnaeus) C. Linnaeus var. angustifolius J. Torrey (Evolvulus alsinoides (C. Linnaeus) C. Linnaeus var. acapulcensis (C.L. von Willdenow) S.J. van Ooststroom): Acapulco Evolvulus, Arizona Blue Eyes, Dio de Vibora, Slender Dwarf Morning-glory (terrestrial perennial herb; within range reported from rocky and gravelly slopes and along washes 2,500 to 5,000 feet elevation; useful as an ornamental)
Ipomoea purpurea (C. Linnaeus) A.W. Roth (Ipomoea hirsutula N.J. von Jacquin f.): Common Morning-glory, Entireleaf Morning-glory, Garden Morning-glory, Mexican Morning-glory, Tall Morning-glory, Woolly Morning-glory (terrestrial long lived annual herb or vine; within range reported from flats, roadsides, ditches, along washes and disturbed areas. EXOTIC Invasive Plant)
Cucurbitaceae: The Cucumber Family
Apodanthera undulata A. Gray: Melon Loco (terrestrial perennial herb or vine; within range reported from mesas, canyons, rocky slopes, plains, gravelly flats, roadsides and washes 1,500 to 5,500 feet elevation)
Marah gilensis E.L. Greene: Big Root, Gila Manroot, Wild Cucumber (terrestrial perennial herb or vine; within range reported from washes below 5,000 feet elevation; useful as an ornamental)
Ephedraceae: The Mormon-tea Family
Ephedra trifurca J. Torrey ex S. Watson: Canatilla, Canitilla, Desert Ephedra, Desert Joint-fir, Itama Real, Longleaf Ephedra, Longleaf Joint-fir, Mexican Tea, Mormon Tea, Popotilla, Popotillo, Tepopote, Teposote (terrestrial perennial subshrub or shrub (to 15 feet high); within range reported from mesas, gravelly slopes, bajadas, plains, flats, sand hills, dunes, and along sandy washes below 4,500 feet elevation; useful as an ornamental)
Euphorbiaceae: The Spurge Family
Croton pottsii (J.F. Klotzsch) J. Müller Argoviensis var. pottsii (Croton corymbulosus G. Engelmann): Leatherweed, Leather Weed Croton (terrestrial perennial herb, subshrub or shrub; within range reported from rocky slopes 2,500 to 6,000 feet elevation)
Fabaceae (Leguminosae): The Pea Family
Acacia constricta G. Bentham: Chaparro Prieto, Common Whitethorn, Garabato, Gigantillo, Huisache, Largoncillo, Mescat Acacia, Vara Prieta, Vinorama, Whitethorn Acacia, White Thorn (terrestrial perennial deciduous shrub or tree (to 10 feet high); within range reported from mesas, canyons, rocky slopes, ridges, gravelly bajadas, gravelly flats, floodplains and along washes and arroyos 2,500 to 5,000 feet elevation; useful as an ornamental, the flowers are fragrant)
Acacia greggii A. Gray var. greggii (Acacia greggii A. Gray, Acacia greggii A. Gray var. arizonica P.T. Isley): Algarroba, Catclaw, Catclaw Acacia, Devil’s Claw, Gatuno, Gregg Catclaw, Tear Blanket, Tepame, Tesota, Una de Gato (terrestrial perennial deciduous shrub or tree (to 23 feet high); within range reported from canyons, rocky slopes, floodplains and along sandy washes and streams below 4,500 feet elevation: useful as an ornamental)
Calliandra eriophylla G. Bentham var. eriophylla: Cabelleto de Angel, Cabeza Angel, Fairyduster, False Mesquite, False Mesquite Calliandra, Guajillo, Hairy-leaved Calliandra, Huajillo, Mesquitilla (terrestrial perennial deciduous subshrub or shrub (to 3 feet high); within range reported from mesas, canyons, rocky slopes, gravelly bajadas, gravelly flats and along washes below 5,000 feet elevation; useful as an ornamental; browsed by wildlife.)
Hoffmannseggia glauca (C.G. de Ortega) I.J. Eifert (Hoffmanseggia densiflora G. Bentham): Camote de Raton, Hog Potato, Indian Rushpea, Pignut, Sicklepod Rushpea (terrestrial perennial herb, subshrub or shrub; within range reported from flats, sandy roadsides and along washes below 5,000 feet elevation; roots provide food for many animals)
Lupinus sp.: Lupine
Lupinus concinnus J.G. Agardh subsp. concinnus: Annual Lupine, Bajada Lupine, Bluebonnet, Elegant Lupine, Lupine, Scarlet Lupine (terrestrial annual herb; within range reported from rocky slopes, bajadas, gravelly flats and along washes below 5,000 feet elevation; useful as an ornamental)
Lupinus sparsiflorus G. Bentham var. sparsiflorus: Arizona Lupine, Coulter Lupine, Desert Lupine, Mojave Lupine (terrestrial winter annual herb; within range reported from mesas, rocky slopes, foothills, bajadas, flats, roadsides and along washes below 4,500 feet elevation; useful as an ornamental)
Parkinsonia aculeata C. Linnaeus: Bacapore, Bagota, Espinillo, Guacoporo, Horse Bean, Jerusalem Thorn, Junco, Long-leaf Paloverde, Mexican Paloverde, Mezquite Verde, Retama (terrestrial perennial deciduous shrub or tree (to 40 feet high); within range reported from canyons, hills, bajadas, flats, roadsides, floodplains, along washes and disturbed areas 2,000 to 3,000 feet elevation; native to the Castle Dome Mountains (Yuma County) and the foothills of the Coyote and Baboquivari Mountains (Pima County) in Arizona; useful as an ornamental, observed as an escaped and naturalized ornamental that has become weedy in riparian areas and along roadsides; foliage and pods are browsed by wildlife)
Parkinsonia florida (G. Bentham ex A. Gray) S. Watson (Cercidium floridum G. Bentham): Blue Paloverde, Paloverde (terrestrial perennial deciduous shrub or tree (to 30 feet high); within range reported from canyons, hills, bajadas, slopes, flats, roadsides, floodplains and along sandy washes below 6,000 feet elevation; useful as an ornamental with a very showy display of yellow flowers in the spring; twigs and seed pods are browsed by wildlife, seeds are eaten by birds and rodents; useful in controlling erosion)
Prosopis velutina E.O. Wooton (Prosopis juliflora (O. Swartz) A.P. de Condolle var. velutina (E.O. Wooton) C.S. Sargent): Algarroba, Chachaca, Mesquite, Mezquite, Velvet Mesquite (terrestrial perennial deciduous shrub or tree (20 to 50 feet high); within range reported from mesas, canyons, bajadas, slopes, gravelly flats, roadsides, along washes and streams and floodplains below 6,000 feet elevation; useful as an ornamental; provides food and shelter for many species of wildlife)
Senna covesii (A. Gray) J.B. Irwin & R.C. Barneby (Cassia covesii A. Gray): Coves’ Cassia, Cove Senna, Dais, Daisillo, Desert Senna, Hojasen, Rosemaria, Rattlebox, Rattleweed (terrestrial perennial herb, subshrub or shrub (to 2 feet high); within range reported from rocky slopes, gravelly bajadas, gravelly flats, roadsides and disturbed areas 1,000 to 3,000 feet elevation; useful as an ornamental)
Fouquieriaceae: The Ocotillo Family
Fouquieria splendens G. Engelmann: Albarda, Barda, Candle Bush, Candle Wood, Coach Whip, Flamingsword, Jacob’s Staff, Monkey-tail, Ocotillo, Ocotillo del Corral, Slimwood, Vine Cactus (terrestrial perennial shrub (7 to 33 feet high); within range reported from mesas, rocky slopes, hills, bajadas, plains and gravelly flats below 6,500 feet elevation; useful as an ornamental; a preferred food plant of Costa’s Hummingbird)
Hydrophyllaceae: The Waterleaf Family
Nama hispidum A. Gray (Nama hispidum A. Gray var. spathulatum (J. Torrey) C.L. Hitchcock): Bristly Nama, Hispid Nama, Morada, Purple Mat, Rough Nama, Sand Bells (terrestrial long lived annual herb; within range reported from mesas, bajadas, plains, gravelly flats, roadsides, along washes and sandy streambeds and sandy soils below 5,000 feet elevation)
Krameriaceae: The Ratany Family
Krameria grayi J.N. Rose & W.H. Painter: Chacate, Cosahui, Gray Rantany, White Ratany (terrestrial perennial subshrub or shrub (to 2 feet high); within range reported from mesas, rocky slopes, gravelly bajadas, gravelly flats and plains below 4,000 feet elevation)
Lamiaceae (Labiatae): The Mint Family
Salvia columbariae G. Bentham var. columbariae: California Sage, Chia (terrestrial winter annual herb; within range reported from gravelly bajadas, gravelly flats and along sandy washes below 3,500 feet elevation)
Liliaceae: The Lily Family
Dichelostemma capitatum (G. Bentham) W. Wood subsp. pauciflorum (J. Torrey) G. Keator (Dichelostemma pulchellum (R.A. Salisbury) A.A. Heller var. pauciflorum (J. Torrey) R.F. Hoover): Bluedicks, Brodiaea, Covena, Coveria, Desert Hyacinth, Few-flowered Covena, Grass Nuts, Papago Lily, Purplehead, Wild Hyacinth terrestrial perennial herb; within range reported from rocky slopes, bajadas and gravelly flats below 5,000 feet elevation; useful as an ornamental)
Loasaceae: Blazingstar Family
Mentzelia sp.: Blazingstar
Malpighiaceae: The Barbados-cherry Family
Janusia gracilis A. Gray: Desert Vine, Fermina, Slender Janusia (terrestrial perennial vine or woody climber; within range reported from rocky slopes, gravelly bajadas and gravelly flats; useful as an ornamental 1,000 to 5,000 feet elevation; useful as an ornamental)
Malvaceae: The Mallow Family
Abutilon abutiloides (N.J. von Jacquin) C.A. Garcke ex N.L. Britton & W.M. Wilson:
Berlandier Abutilon, Indian Mallow, Shrubby
Indian Mallow (terrestrial perennial
herb, subshrub or shrub; within range reported from bajadas and along washes;
food and nesting plant of the caterpillar of the
Gossypium thurberi A. Todaro: Algodoncillo, Desert Cotton, Thurber’s Cotton, Thurberia, Wild Cotton, Wild Desert Cotton (terrestrial perennial deciduous shrub or tree (3 to 12 feet high); within range reported from canyons, gravelly and rocky slopes and along washes, streambeds and ditches 2,500 to 7,000 feet elevation; useful as an ornamental)
Hibiscus denudatus G. Bentham: Naked Hibiscus, Paleface, Pale Face Mallow, Paleface Rosemallow, Rock Hibiscus (terrestrial perennial subshrub or shrub (to 3 feet high); within range reported from rocky slopes, hills, gravelly bajadas, gravelly flats and washes below 4,000 feet elevation; useful as an ornamental)
Nyctaginaceae: The Four-o’clock Family
Allionia incarnata C. Linnaeus: Guapile, Herba de la Hormiga, Pink Three-flower, Trailing Allionia, Trailing Four O’Clock, Trailing Windmills, Umbrella Wort, Windmills (terrestrial perennial herb; within range reported from rocky slopes, gravelly flats, along washes and disturbed sites below 6,000 feet elevation)
Boerhavia sp.: Spiderling
Oleaceae: The Olive Family
Menodora scabra A. Gray (Menodora scoparia G. Engelmann ex A. Gray): Rough Desert Olive, Rough Menodora, Yellow Menodora, Twinberry, Twinfruit (terrestrial perennial herb, subshrub or shrub (under 2 feet high); within range reported from mesas, rocky slopes, gravelly bajadas and gravelly flats 1,500 to 7,500 feet; useful as an ornamental)
Onagraceae: The Evening-primrose Family
Oenothera primiveris A. Gray subsp. primiveris (Oenothera primiveris A. Gray var. caulescens P.A. Munz): Bottle Evening Primrose, Desert Evening-primrose, Large Yellow Desert Primrose, Sundrop, Yellow Desert Evening-primrose, Yellow Desert Primrose (terrestrial annual herb; within range reported from rocky and gravelly slopes, gravelly bajadas and rocky and gravelly flats below 4,500 feet; useful as an ornamental)
Papaveraceae: The Poppy Family
Eschscholzia californica L.K. von Chamisso subsp. mexicana (E.L. Greene) J.C. Clark (Eschscholtzia mexicana E.L. Greene): Amapola Amorilla,, Amopola del Campo, California Poppy, Desert Gold Poppy, Gold Poppy, Mexican Gold Poppy (terrestrial winter annual or perennial herb; within range reported from mesas, rocky slopes, ridge tops, bajadas, plains, gravelly flats and roadsides below 4,500 feet elevation)
Poaceae (Gramineae): The Grass Family
Aristida purpurea T. Nuttall: Perennial Three-awn, Purple Needle-grass, Purple Threeawn, Tres Barbas Purpurea (terrestrial perennial herb; within range reported from rocky slopes, plains, gravelly flats, roadsides and disturbed areas below 5,000 feet elevation)
Aristida ternipes A.J. Cavanilles: Spidergrass (terrestrial perennial herb; within range reported from mesas, plateaus, rocky and gravelly slopes, hills, gravelly and sandy bajadas, gravelly flats, roadsides and disturbed areas below 6,000 feet elevation)
Bothriochloa barbinodis (M. Lagasca y Segura) W.G. Herter (Andropogon barbinodis M. Lagasca y Segura): Algodonero, Bristlejoint Bluestem, Cane Beard Grass, Cane Bluestem, Perforated Bluestem, Pinhole Beardgrass, Pinhole Bluestem, Popotillo, Zacate Popotillo (terrestrial perennial herb; within range reported from rocky slopes, gravelly flats and along washes 1,000 to 6,000 feet elevation; useful as an ornamental)
Bouteloua aristidoides (K.S. Kunth in Humbolt, Bonpland and Kunth) A.H. Grisebach var. aristidoides: Aceitilla, Navajita, Needle Grama, Six-weeks Needle Grama, Zacate Saitillo (terrestrial summer annual herb; within range reported from mesas, canyons, rocky slopes, bajadas, flats and along washes and streambeds below 5,500 feet elevation)
Bouteloua chondrosioides (K.S. Kunth in Humbolt, Bonpland and Kunth) G. Bentham ex S. Watson: Harvard Grama, Sprucetop Grama, Woolly-spiked Grama (terrestrial perennial herb; within range reported from rocky slopes and rocky flats 2,000 to 5,000 feet elevation; useful as an ornamental)
Bouteloua curtipendula (A. Michaux) J. Torrey: Navajita Banderilla,
Sideoats Grama (terrestrial perennial herb; within range reported from mesas, rocky and
gravelly slopes and hills 1,800 to 7,000 feet elevation; larval food plant for
the
Chloris crinita M. Lagasca y Segura (Trichloris crinita (M. Lagasca y Segura) L.R. Parodi, Trichloris mendocina (R.A. Philippi) F. Kurtz): False Rhodes Grass, Feather Fingergrass, Multiflowered Chloris (terrestrial perennial herb; within range reported from mesas, canyons, hills, plains and flats below 4,000 feet elevation; useful as an ornamental)
Cynodon dactylon (C. Linnaeus) C.H. Persoon: Bermudagrass, Devil Grass, European Bermuda Grass, Pata de Gallo, Zacate Bermuda, Zacate Ingles (terrestrial perennial herb; within range reported from canyons, roadsides, seeps, moist soil along washes, streambeds, cienegas and disturbed areas below 6,000 feet elevation. EXOTIC Invasive Plant; poses a significant threat to native habitat)
Dasyochloa pulchella (K.S. Kunth in Humbolt, Bonpland and Kunth) C.L. von Wildenow x P.A. Rydberg (Erioneuron pulchellum (K.S. Kunth in Humbolt, Bonpland and Kunth) T. Tateoka, Tridens pulchellus (K.S. Kunth in Humbolt, Bonpland and Kunth) A.S. Hitchcock): Desert Fluffgrass, Fluffgrass, Low Woollygrass, Zacate Borreguero (terrestrial perennial herb; within range reported from mesas, rocky slopes, rocky hills, gravelly bajadas and gravelly flats below 5,500 feet elevation)
Digitaria californica (G. Bentham) J.S. Henrickson (Trichachne californica (G. Bentham) M.A. Chase): Arizona Cottontop, California Cottontop, Cotton-top, Zacate Punta Blanca (terrestrial perennial herb or subshrub; within range reported from mesas, canyons, rocky slopes and gravelly flats 1,000 to 6,000 feet elevation; useful as an ornamental)
Eragrostis lehmanniana C.G. Nees von Esenbeck: Lehmann Lovegrass, Zacate Africano, Zacate de Amor (terrestrial perennial herb; within range reported from gravelly slopes, gravelly bajadas, gravelly flats, roadsides, along sandy washes and disturbed areas. EXOTIC Invasive Plant; poses a significant threat to native habitat)
Heteropogon contortus (C. Linnaeus) A.M. Palisot de Beauvois ex J.J. Roemer & J.A. Schultes: Barba Negra, Tanglehead, Tanglehead Grass, Retorcido Moreno, Zacate Colorado (terrestrial perennial herb; within range reported from canyons, rocky and gravelly slopes, ravines, plains, flats, roadsides and along washes 1,000 to 5,500 feet elevation)
Hordeum murinum C. Linnaeus subsp. leporinum (J.H. Link) G. Arcangeli (Critesion murinum (C. Linnaeus) R.M. Love subsp. leporinum (J.H. Link) R.M. Love, Hordeum leporinum J.H. Link): Cebadilla Silvestre, Common Foxtail, Hare Barley, Leporinum Barley, Mouse Barley, Wild Barley (terrestrial winter annual herb; within range reported from rocky slopes, roadsides, ditch banks and disturbed areas below 9,000 feet elevation. EXOTIC Invasive Plant)
Muhlenbergia porteri F.L. Scribner ex W.J. Beal: Bush-grass, Bush Muhly, Mesquitegrass, Zacate Aparejo (terrestrial herb or subshrub; within range reported from mesas, canyons, rocky slopes, gravelly flats and along washes 2,000 to 5,500 feet elevation; useful as an ornamental)
Pennisetum ciliare (C. Linnaeus) J.H. Link: African Foxtail, Anjangrass, Buffelgrass, Bufle, Zacate Buffle (terrestrial perennial herb; within range reported from rocky slopes, bajadas, roadsides, along washes and disturbed areas. EXOTIC Invasive Plant; poses a significant threat to native habitat)
Pennisetum setaceum (P. Forsskal) E. Chiovenda (Pennisetum ruppelii E.G. von Steudel): African Fountain Grass, Annual Fountain Grass, Crimson Fountaingrass, Fountain Grass, Plumitas, Purple Fountain Grass Tender Fountain Grass, Zacate de la Fuente (terrestrial perennial herb; within range reported from canyons, rocky slopes, bajadas, flats, roadsides, washes, streams, creeks and disturbed areas. EXOTIC Invasive Plant; poses a significant threat to native habitat)
Schismus barbatus (P. Loefling ex C. Linnaeus) A. Thellung: Common Mediterranean Grass, Mediterraneangrass, Zacate Mediterrane Comun (terrestrial annual herb; within range reported from bajadas, rocky and gravelly slopes, gravelly flats and washes 1,000 to 4,000 feet elevation. EXOTIC Invasive Plant; poses a significant threat to native habitat)
Setaria vulpiseta (J.B. de Lamarck) J.J. Roemer & J.A. Shultes (Setaria macrostachya K.S. Kunth in Humbolt, Bonpland and Kunth): Assaak, Plains Bristlegrass, Xikkaa Kiix, Zacate Tempranero, Zacate Temprano (terrestrial perennial herb; within range reported from canyons, rocky slopes, plains, gravelly flats, along washes and streambeds 2,000 to 7,000 feet elevation)
Sporobolus contractus A.S. Hitchcock: Spike Dropseed (terrestrial perennial herb; within range reported from mesas, bluffs, rocky slopes, sand hills, gravelly and sandy flats, roadsides, along washes and floodplains 1,500 to 6,000 feet elevation; useful as an ornamental)
Sporobolus wrightii Munro ex F.L. Scribner (Sporobolus airoides (J. Torrey) J. Torrey var. wrightii (W. Munro ex F.L. Scribner) F.W. Gould): Alkali Sacaton, Big Sacaton, Sacaton, Sacaton Grass, Wright Sacaton, Zacaton (terrestrial perennial herb; within range reported from plateaus, rocky slopes, flats, along washes, river banks, floodplains and bottomlands 2,000 to 7,500 feet elevation; useful as an ornamental)
Polygonaceae: The Buckwheat Family
Eriogonum brachypodum J. Torrey & A. Gray (Eriogonum parryi A. Gray): Parry’s Buckwheat, Tecopa, Tecopa Skeleton Buckwheat, Tecopa Skeleton Weed, Yellow Buckwheat (terrestrial annual herb; within range reported from about 1,500 feet elevation)
Rumex hymenosepalus J. Torrey: Canaigra, Canaigre Dock, Desert Rhubarb, Dock; Sorrel, Wild Rhubarb (terrestrial perennial herb; within range reported from flats, roadsides, washes and streambeds below 6,000 feet elevation)
Ranunculaceae: The Buttercup Family
Clematis drummondii J. Torrey & A. Gray: Barbas de Chivato, Drummond’s Clematis, Old Man’s Beard, Texas-virgin Bower, Texas Virgin’s Bower, Virgin’s Bower (terrestrial perennial vine, subshrub or woody climber; within range reported from canyons, rocky slopes, flats, open ground and along washes and streams below 4,000 feet elevation)
Resedaceae: The Mignonette Family
Oligomeris linifolia (M.H. Vahl) J.F. Macbride: Desert Cambess, Linearleaf Cambess, Lineleaf Whitepuff, Slender-leaf Cambess (terrestrial winter annual herb; within range reported from gravelly bajadas, gravelly flats, dirt roads and along washes below 2,500 feet elevation)
Rhamnaceae: The Buckthorn Family
Ziziphus obtusifolia (W.J. Hooker ex J. Torrey & A. Gray) A. Gray var. canescens (A. Gray) M.C. Johnston (Condalia lycioides (A. Gray) A. Weberbauer var. canescens (A. Gray) W. Trelease): Abrojo, Bachata, Barbachatas, Clepe, Garrapata, Garumbullo, Gray-leaved Abrojo, Gray-thorn, Greythorn, Gumdrop Tree, Lotebush, Palo Blanco, Southwestern Condalia, White Crucillo (terrestrial perennial shrub or small tree (to 10 feet high); within range reported from mesas, gravelly slopes, gravelly bajadas, plains, gravelly flats, along washes and streambeds and bottomlands 1,000 to 5,000 feet elevation; useful as an ornamental)
Scrophulariaceae: The Figwort Family
Penstemon parryi (A. Gray) A. Gray: Parry Beardtongue, Parry’s Penstemon, Wind’s Flower (terrestrial perennial herb; within range reported from canyons, rocky slopes, gravelly flats, roadsides and streambeds 1,500 to 5,000 feet elevation; useful as an ornamental)
Solanaceae: The Potato Family
Datura wrightii E.A. Regel (Datura metaloides auct. non M.F. Dunal): Giant Jimson, Indian Apple, Jimson Weed, Moon Lily, Sacred Datura, Sacred Thorn-apple, Thornapple, Tolache, Tolguacha, Western Jimson (terrestrial annual or perennial herb or subshrub; within range reported from mesas, plains, roadsides, arroyos, along ditches and disturbed areas 1,000 to 6,500 feet elevation. Poisonous)
Lycium andersonii A. Gray: Anderson Desert Thorn, Anderson Lycium, Anderson Thornbush, Barchata, Narrowleaf Wolfberry, Tomatillo, Water Jacket, Wolfberry (terrestrial perennial deciduous shrub (3 to 10 feet high); within range reported from mesas, rocky slopes, foothills, gravelly flats, roadsides and along washes below 5,500 feet elevation; useful as an ornamental)
Lycium berlandieri M.F. Dunal: Berlandier Lycium, Berlandier’s Wolfberry, Terrac Wolfberry (terrestrial perennial deciduous shrub (3 to 8 feet high); within range reported from rocky slopes, rocky foothills, bajadas, gravelly flats and alluvial plains 2,000 to 3,000 feet elevation; useful as an ornamental)
Nicotiana glauca R. Graham: Buena Mosa, Gigante, Rape, Mustard Tree, Shrub Tobacco, Tree Tobacco, Tronadora (terrestrial perennial shrub or tree (6 to 25 feet high); within range reported from canyons, rocky slopes, hillsides, roadsides, along washes, streams, ditch banks and disturbed areas below 3,000 feet elevation. EXOTIC Invasive Plant)
Solanum elaeagnifolium A.J. Cavanilles: Bull Nettle, Desert Nightshade, Silver Horsenettle, Silverleaf Nightshade, Trompillo, White Horsenettle (terrestrial perennial herb or subshrub; within range reported from plains, flats, roadsides, cienegas and disturbed areas 1,000 to 5,500 feet elevation)
Ulmaceae: The Elm Family
Celtis laevigata C.L. von Wildenow var. reticulata (J. Torrey) L. Benson (Celtis reticulata (J. Torrey) L. Benson): Canyon Hackberry, False Elm, Netleaf Hackberry, Palo Blanco, Sugarberry, Western Hackberry (terrestrial perennial deciduous shrub or tree (to 30 feet high); within range reported from moist soils of canyons, hillsides, flats, fencerows and along washes and streams 1,500 to 3,500 feet elevation; the fruit is eaten by wildlife; useful as an ornamental)
Celtis pallida J. Torrey: Acebuche, Bainoro, Capul, Desert Hackberry, Garabato, Garambullo, Granjeno, Huasteco, Palo de Aguila, Rompecapa, Shiny Hackberry, Spiny Hackberry (terrestrial perennial deciduous shrub or tree (3 to 18 feet high); within range reported from canyons, mesas, rocky slopes, bajadas, flats, along washes and streambeds 2,500 to 6,000 feet elevation; larval food plant for the American Snout (Libytheana carinenta) and Empress Leilia (Asterocampa leilia), this plant provides excellent cover for many birds, and the fruit are eaten by many birds and small desert mammals; useful as an ornamental)
Verbenaceae: The Verbena Family
Aloysia wrightii (A. Gray) A.A. Heller ex L. Abrams: Altamisa, Beebrush, Oreganillo, Vara Dulce, Wright Aloysia, Wright’s Beebrush, Wright Lippia (terrestrial perennial deciduous or semi-evergreen shrub (to 5 feet high); within range reported from rocky slopes and along washes 1,500 to 6,000 feet elevation; useful as an ornamental)
Viscaceae: The Christmas Mistletoe Family
(Loranthaceae: The Mistletoe Family)
Phoradendron californicum T. Nuttall (Phoradendron californicum T. Nuttall var. distans W. Trelease): American Mistletoe, Desert Mistletoe, Mesquite Mistletoe, Toji, Western Dwarf Mistletoe (terrestrial perennial subshrub or shrub; partial parasite observed growing on Velvet Mesquite and Whitethorn Acacia, commonly found on Acacia spp., Condalia spp., Larrea spp., Olneya spp., Parkinsonia spp., Prosopis spp., and Ziziphus spp. below 4,000 feet elevation; Phainopeplas feed on the berries and disperse the seeds to other host plants; Verdins nest in the stems; the fragrant flowers attract insects)
Zygophyllaceae: The Creosote-bush Family
Larrea tridentata (M. Sessé y Lacasta & J.M. Mociño ex A.P. de Condolle) F.V. Coville var. tridentata (Larrea divaricata A.J. Cavanilles subsp. tridentata (M. Sessé y Lacasta & J.M. Mociño ex A.P. de Condolle) R.S. Felger & R.T. Lowe, Larrea tridentata (M. Sessé y Lacasta & J.M. Mociño ex A.P. de Condolle) F.V. Coville): Chaparral, Creosote Bush, Greasewood, Gobernadora, Guamis, Hediondilla (terrestrial perennial evergreen shrub (3 to 10 feet high); within range reported from mesas, rocky slopes, plains and gravelly flats below 5,000 feet elevation; useful as an ornamental, characteristic plant of the southwestern deserts with its distribution very closely delineating the desert regions)
LISTING OF ANIMALS
(based in part on a listing developed by J.M. Pyle and Family
and a general listing of animals reported from the Santa Rita Experimental Range)
BIRDS
Accipitridae: The Eagle, Hawk, Kite and Allies Family
Accipiter cooperii (Bonaparte): Cooper’s Hawk, Galvilan Palomero (Hispanic), Galvilan Pollero (Hispanic) (feeds on small birds and mammals; nest is a platform of sticks located in trees)
Accipiter striatus Vieillot: Galvilan Pajerero (Hispanic), Sharp-shinned Hawk; Wishag (feeds on birds and small mammals; nest is a platform of twigs located in trees)
Buteo jamaicensis (Gmelin): Buzzard, Buzzard Hawk, Chicken Hawk, Eastern Redtail, Gavilan Cola Roja (Hispanic), Hen Hawk, Mouse Hawk, Redtail, Red-tailed Buzzard, Red-tailed Hawk, Western Redtail (feeds on rodents and lizards; nest is a platform of sticks located on cliffs and in saguaros and trees)
Buteo swainsoni Bonaparte: Gavilan Chapulinero (Hispanic), Swainson’s Hawk (feeds on grasshoppers, locusts and rodents; nest is a platform of sticks located on cliffs or ground, or in bushes, tall cacti, trees and yuccas)
Parabuteo unicinctus (Temminck): Aguililla Cinchada (Hispanic), Aguililla Roja (Hispanic), Harris’s Hawk (feeds on rodents, rabbits and birds; nest is a platform of sticks located in mesquites, small trees and yuccas)
Cardinalidae: The Bunting, Cardinal and Grosbeak Family
Cardinalis cardinalis (Linneaus) (Richmondena cardinalis (Linneaus)): Cardenal (Hispanic), Cardenal Rojo (Hispanic), Northern Cardinal, Sipuk (Tohono O’odham) (feeds on small fruit, insects and seeds; nests are loose cups of shredded bark and twigs located in a low shrubs or thickets)
Cardinalis sinuatus (Bonaparte) (Pyrrhuloxia sinuata (Bonaparte)): Bichpod (Tohono O’odham), Cardenal Gris, Cardinal Torito (Hispanic), Pyrrhuloxia (feeds on small fruit, insects and seeds nests are neat cups located in thorny bushes)
Pheucticus ludovicianus (Linnaeus): Pepitero Pico Rojo (Hispanic), Rose-breasted Grosbeak (feeds on small fruit, insects and seeds nests are frail flat saucers made of plant stems and twigs located in bushes and trees)
Cathartidae: The
Cathartes aura (Linnaeus): Nuwi (Tohono O’odham), Turkey Vulture, Zopilote (Hispanic) (feeds on carrion; no nests, eggs are laid in crevices in rocks, on the ground in thickets and tree hollow)