November 25,
2005 Update
TOWNSHIP
17 SOUTH, RANGE 14 EAST, PIMA COUNTY, ARIZONA
Gila
and Salt River Baseline and Meridian
Major Contributor and Source:
William T. Kendall. James E. Legg. Special Status Species Reports -
Species Distribution Lists are being developed to encourage and promote the conservation of local native animals and plants. They are developed for legally defined geographic areas, and larger bodies of water. They are provided to environmental consultants, property owners, and government agencies interested in promoting conservation. Listings include species reported as having been observed in or reported from the described area.
Due to continuing additions and corrections the listings should be considered a work in progress. Species once reported as having occurred within the described area, but that no longer occurs there are shown are having been EXTIRPATED. This list includes species that are not native to Arizona (EXOTIC). Exotic plants are not recommended for use in landscaping or restoration projects. Disjunct species, outliers and plants on the edge of the main population, as observed by the surveyor, are noted as being PERIPHERAL PLANT(S). Landscaped plants are not included in the listings unless they have become naturalized in the surrounding native environment.
Local native vegetation is recommended for use in landscaping and restoration projects. To determine what could be considered as local native vegetation look at both the project township and the eight contiguous townships for plants of similar habitat and elevation. Plants should be planted in their approximate original habitat and density. Use of native plants encourages native animals to remain in the area and helps to retain the areas natural beauty, unique identity and heritage.
Appreciation is expressed to the
officers and staff of the Arizona Department of Agriculture, the Arizona Game
and Fish Department,
Species Distribution Lists are periodically updated and revised. These listings have been created and maintained by William T. Kendall. Comments, the reporting of corrections, the reporting of unrecorded species in townships and the reporting of information relating to the historical distribution of species would be greatly appreciated, and may be sent by mail to: Kendall Environmental Surveys, P.O. Box 87967, Tucson, Arizona 85754-7967, or E-mail to: KendallEnvironmentalSurveys@msn.com.
DISCLAIMER: The information presented as township notes has been obtained from large scale mapping and should be used only as a general guide. Information used in these lists is accepted from biologists and individuals interested in helping to promote the conservation of our natural resources. Mistakes are made in the identification of species and in the recording of information, and changes in nomenclature occur. For these reasons I can not and do not warrant the accuracy of these listings.
CAUTION: Many native desert plants have sharp thorns and spines. Care should be given when handling them and consideration should be given to public safety at sites where they are to be planted.
This photograph was
taken looking south, the
The following are a few of the
plants reported from this township that might be useful in landscaping and
restoration projects. Trees and Large
Shrubs: Saguaro (Carnegiea gigantea),
Velvet Mesquite (Prosopis velutina),
Ocotillo (Fouquieria splendens), Blue
Paloverde (Parkinsonia florida),
Desert Willow (Chilopsis linearis subsp.
arcuata), Soaptree Yucca (Yucca elata var. elata ), Longleaf Joint-fir (Ephedra
trifurca), Chainfruit Cholla (Opuntia
fulgida var. fulgida), Creosote
Bush (Larrea tridentata var. tridentata), Fishhook Barrel Cactus (Ferocactus wislizeni), Whitethorn Acacia
(Acacia constricta) and Greythorn (Ziziphus obtusifolia var. canescens). Shrubs and Large Grasses: Four-wing Saltbush (Atriplex canescens), Pencil Cholla (Opuntia arbuscula), Desert Pricklypear Cactus (Opuntia engelmannii var. engelmannii),
Desert Christmas Cholla (Opuntia
leptocaulis), Plains Bristlegrass (Setaria
vulpiseta), Arizona Cottontop (Digitaria
californica) and Bush Muhly (Muhlenbergia
porteri). Subshrubs, Herbs and Small
Succulents: Bundle Hedgehog Cactus (Echinocereus
fendleri var. fasciculatus),
Desert Zinnia (Zinnia acerosa),
Desert Holly (Acourtia nana), Graham
Pincushion Cactus (Mammillaria grahamii
var. grahamii) and Desert Fluffgrass
(Dasyochloa pulchella).
Township Notes
Location: This township is
located in east-central
Landmarks: This township is located
in the
Elevation: Elevations range from
approximately 2,670 feet in the
Soil: Soils are described as thermic (hot) arid and semiarid soils (soils with mean annual temperatures of 59 degrees to 72 degrees Fahrenheit (15 degrees to 22 degrees Centigrade) and 10 to 16 inches (25 to 41 cm) mean annual precipitation) of the Grabe-Gila-Pima Association (deep soils of the floodplains), Anthony-Sonoita Association (deep, arid soils on the alluvial fans and valley slopes) and the Continental-Sonoita-Tubac Association (deep, arid soils on uplands) (3).
Biotic Community: Portions of this township are located within the Arizona Upland Subdivision of the Sonoran Desertscrub Regional Formation of the Desertscrub Formation and the Scrub-Grassland (Semidesert Grassland) Regional Formation of the Grassland Formation with associated Wetlands (4).
Maps created with TOPO! R C 2002 National Geographic
Map of Township Showing Adjacent Sections
The
The ARIZONA NATIVE PLANT SOCIETY
is a statewide nonprofit organization devoted to
Contact:
The DESERT SURVIVORS NATIVE PLANT
NURSERY
http://www.desertsurvivors.org/nursery.asp
The DESERT SURVIVORS NATIVE PLANT NURSERY
sells many local native plants and is willing to consider growing any native
plant for which there is a buyer.
Contact: Desert Survivors Native Plant
Nursery, 1020 West Starr Pass Boulevard, Tucson, Arizona 85713, 520-791-9309.
The
The TUCSON CACTUS AND SUCCULENT SOCIETY is a non-profit organization dedicated to educating, teaching and learning about cacti and succulent plants. Their monthly programs feature knowledgeable individuals who can educate you and help you understand more about these fascinating plants. They conduct and sponsor native cactus and succulent rescue operations, plant sales, field trips, nursery and garden visits, conventions and conferences as well as other activities throughout the year.
NATIVE PLANT RESCUE NOTICE
(The Tucson Cactus and Succulent Society puts
a tremendous amount of time and effort
into the
organizing and overseeing of their rescue
events. The native plant rescues carried out by the dedicated
members of the Society provide an immeasurable service to our community.)
The TUCSON CACTUS AND SUCCULENT
SOCIETY organizes native plant rescues in areas being cleared for development.
If interested in rescuing plants and/or obtaining local native plants for your
landscaping or restoration project join the Society and become a rescue crew
member.
Contact: Tucson Cactus and
Succulent Society, PO Box 64759, Tucson, Arizona 85728-4759, 520-885-6367.
LISTING OF PLANTS
Agavaceae: The Century-plant Family
Yucca elata (G. Engelmann) G. Engelmann var. elata (5): Amole, Datil, Palmilla, Palmlilja Jukka, Pamilla, Pamella, Soaptree, Soaptree Yucca, Soap Weed, Spanish Bayonet (terrestrial perennial narrow-leaved evergreen, palm-like shrub or tree (25 feet high or more with a flowering stalk reaching to 6 feet or more in height) (6); within range reported from mesas, hills, bajadas, plains, gravelly flats, valleys and along washes and arroyos 1,500 to 6,000 feet elevation; useful as an ornamental)
Amaranthaceae: The Amaranth Family
Amaranthus palmeri S. Watson: Bledo, Carelessweed, Palmer Amaranth, Palmer Pigweed, Pigweed, Red-root Pigweed, Quelite, Quiltite de las Aguas (terrestrial annual herb; within range reported from rocky slopes, roadsides, along washes, floodplains and disturbed areas below 5,500 feet elevation)
Amaranthus retroflexus C. Linnaeus: Alegria, Amaranto Comune, Basori, Green Amaranth, Green Pigweed, Prince's Feather, Queleite del Agua, Quelite, Redroot, Redroot Amaranth, Redroot Pigweed, Reflexed Amaranth, Rough Amaranth, Rough Pigweed, Wasori, Wild Beet (terrestrial annual herb; within range reported from roadsides 5,000 to 7,000 feet elevation)
Tidestromia lanuginosa (T. Nuttall) P.C. Standley: Espanta Vaqueras, Herba Lanuda, Hierba Ceniza, Honeysweet, Woolly Honeysweet, Woolly Tidestromia (terrestrial summer annual herb; within range reported from canyons, rocky slopes, flats, along washes, floodplains and disturbed areas below 5,500 feet elevation)
Apiaceae: The Carrot Family
(Umbelliferae: The Parsley Family)
Lilaeopsis schaffneriana (D.F. von Schlechtendal) T. Coulter & J.N. Rose var. recurva (A.W. Hill) J.M. Affolter (Lilaeopsis recurva A.W. Hill, Lilaeopsis schaffneriana (D.F. von Schlechtendal) T. Coulter & J.N. Rose subsp. recurva (A.W. Hill) J.M. Affolter): Cienega False Rush, Cienega Water Umbel, Huachuca Water Umbel, Schaffner’s Grasswort (terrestrial perennial herb; within range reported from wet ground near perennial seeps, springs, streams, rivers, cienegas, marshy wetlands and in shallow water; once occurred in the Santa Cruz River Valley near Tucson)
Asteraceae: The Aster Family
(Compositae: The Sunflower Family)
Acourtia nana (A. Gray) J.L. Reveal & G. King (Perezia nana A. Gray): Desert Holly, Dwarf Desertpeony (terrestrial perennial herb; within range reported from mesas, bajadas, slopes and gravelly flats below 6,000 feet elevation; useful as an ornamental)
Ambrosia confertiflora A.P. de Condolle (Franseria confertiflora (A.P. de Condolle) P.A. Rydberg): Altamisa de Playa, Bursage Ragweed, Estafiate, Field Ragweed, Slimleaf Bursage, Weakleaf Burr Ragweed, Weak-leaved Burweed (terrestrial perennial herb; within range reported from mesas, slopes, roadsides, washes, floodplains and disturbed areas 1,000 to 6,500 feet elevation)
Baccharis sarothroides A. Gray: Amargo, Broom Baccharis, Desert Broom, Desertbroom, Escoba, Hierba del Pasmo, Mexican Broom, Romerillo, Rosin Brush (terrestrial perennial shrub (to 10 feet high); within range reported from hills, flats, roadsides, along washes and streambeds, floodplains, bottom lands and disturbed areas 1,000 to 5,500 feet elevation; useful as an ornamental, consider planting male plants only to eliminate seed production)
Brickellia coulteri A. Gray (Brickellia coulteri A. Gray var. coulteri): Brickellbush, Coulter’s Brickellbush (terrestrial perennial subshrub or shrub (to 3 feet high); within range reported from canyons, rocky slopes, floodplains and along washes and streambeds below 4,500 feet elevation)
Erigeron divergens J. Torrey & A. Gray: Diffuse Daisy, Fleabane, Fleabane Daisy, Green Rabbit Bush, Spreading Fleabane (terrestrial long lived annual or biennial herb; within range reported from mesas, rocky slopes, bajadas, gravelly flats, roadsides, along washes and floodplains 1,000 to 9,000 feet elevation)
Heterotheca psammophila R. Wagenknecht (Heterotheca subaxillaris (J.B. de Lamarck) N.L. Britton & H.H. Rusby sensu T.H. Kearney & R.H. Peebles): Camphorweed, Golden Aster, Gordolobo, Telegraph Plant (terrestrial long lived annual herb; within range reported from roadsides, ditches, floodplains and disturbed areas 1,000 to 5,500 feet elevation)
Hymenothrix wislizeni A. Gray: Golden Ragweed, TransPecos Thimblehead, Wislizenus Beeflower (terrestrial annual or perennial herb; within range reported from mesas,
slopes, gravelly flats, roadsides, washes
and disturbed areas 2,500 to 5,500 feet elevation)
Isocoma tenuisecta E.L. Greene (Aplopappus
tenuisectus (E.L. Greene) J. Blake,
Haplopappus tenuisectus (E.L. Greene) J. Blake): Burroweed, Hierba del Burrow (terrestrial
perennial herb, subshrub or shrub (to 3 feet high); within range reported from
mesas, rocky slopes, bajadas, plains, gravelly flats, roadsides and disturbed
areas 2,000 to 5,500 feet elevation; useful as an ornamental)
Laennecia schiedeana (C.F. Lessing) G.L. Nesom (Conyza schiedeana (C.F. Lessing) A.J. Cronquist, Erigeron schiedeanus C.F. Lessing): Gordolobo, Pineland Marshtail, Simonillo, Xurhatajasi (terrestrial long lived annual herb; within range reported from flats, washes and disturbed areas (2,400?) 7,000 to 9,000 feet elevation)
Xanthium strumarium C. Linnaeus var. canadense (P. Miller) J. Torrey & A. Gray (Xanthium saccharatum C.F. Wallroth): Abrojo, Cadillos, Canada Coclebur, Clotbur, Cocklebur, Common Cocklebur, Rough Cocklebur (terrestrial long lived annual herb; within range reported from roadsides, washes, floodplains, streambeds and adjacent to wetlands 100 to 6,000 feet elevation. EXOTIC Invasive Plant)
Zinnia acerosa (A.P. de Condolle) A. Gray (Zinnia pumila A. Gray): Desert Zinnia, Spinyleaf Zinnia, White Zinnia, Wild Zinnia (terrestrial perennial subshrub or shrub (under 1 foot high); within range reported from mesas, rocky slopes, gravelly bajadas, gravelly flats and floodplains 2,500 to 5,000 feet elevation; useful as an ornamental)
Bignoniaceae: The Trumpet-creeper Family
Chilopsis linearis (A.J. Cavanilles) R. Sweet subsp. arcuata (F.R. Fosberg) Henrickson (Chilopsis linearis (A.J. Cavanilles) R. Sweet var. arcuata F.R. Fosberg): Desert Catalpa, Desert Willow, Flowering Willow, Jano, Mimbre, Western Desert-willow (terrestrial perennial deciduous shrub or tree (to 25 feet high or more); within range reported from roadsides and along washes and streams below 6,000 feet elevation; useful in erosion control and as an ornamental)
Brassicaceae (Cruciferae): The Mustard Family
Lepidium lasiocarpum T. Nuttall: Hairypod Pepperweed, Sand Peppergrass, Shaggyfruit Pepperweed (terrestrial winter annual or biennial herb; within range reported from rocky and gravelly slopes, gravelly flats, along washes, floodplains and disturbed sites below 4,000 feet elevation)
Lesquerella gordonii (A. Gray) S. Watson: Arizona Bladderpod Mustard, Beanpod, Bladderpod Mustard, Gordon’s Bladderpod, Yellow Bladderpod (terrestrial winter annual herb; within range reported from mesas, canyons, rocky slopes, bajadas, plains, rocky and gravelly flats, along washes and floodplains below 5,000 feet elevation)
Sisymbrium irio C. Linnaeus: London Rocket, Pamita, Pamiton, Rocket Mustard (terrestrial annual herb; within range reported from rocky and gravelly flats, roadsides, floodplains and disturbed areas below 4,500 feet elevation. EXOTIC Invasive Plant)
Cactaceae: The Cactus Family
Carnegiea gigantea (G. Engelmann) N.L. Britton & J.N. Rose (Cereus giganteus G. Engelmann): Giant Cactus, Saguaro, Sahuaro (terrestrial perennial succulent tree (to 50 feet high or more); within range reported from canyon walls, rocky and gravelly slopes, ridges and foothills, rocky hill sides, bajadas, plains, gravelly flats, valleys and along washes and arroyos below 5,100 feet elevation; white-wing doves as well as other birds and animals feed on the saguaro seeds during fruiting season; Gila Woodpeckers and Gilded Flickers make holes in this plant for their nests which are later utilized by Elf Owls; useful as an ornamental. PERIPHERAL PLANT(S))
Coryphantha scheeri (F. Müehlenpfordt) L. Benson var. robustispina (H.W. Schott) L. Benson (Mammillaria robustispina H.W. Schott ex G. Engelmann): Longtubercle Beehive Cactus, Devil’s Pincushion, Pima Pineapple Cactus, Scheer’s Strong-spined Cory Cactus, Stout-needled Cory Cactus, Stout-needled Mulee Pineapple (terrestrial perennial succulent subshrub or shrub (under 1 foot high); within range reported from mesas, ridges, bajadas, slopes and flats)
Echinocereus fendleri (G. Engelmann) F. Seitz var. fasciculatus (G. Engelmann ex B.D. Jackson) N.P. Taylor (Echinocereus fasciculatus (G. Engelmann ex B.D. Jackson) L. Benson, Echinocereus fendleri (G. Engelmann) K.T. Rümpler var. robustus (R.H. Peebles) L. Benson, Mammillaria fasciculata G. Engelmann ex B.D. Jackson): Bundle Hedgehog Cactus, Pinkflower Hedgehog Cactus, Robust Hedgehog Cactus (terrestrial perennial succulent subshrub or shrub (under 2 feet high); within range reported from rocky slopes, hills, bajadas, gravelly flats, valleys and along washes 2,000 to 3,000 feet elevation; useful as an ornamental)
Ferocactus wislizeni (G. Engelmann) N.L. Britton & J.N. Rose: Arizona Barrel Cactus, Barrel Cactus, Bisnaga, Biznaga, Biznaga de Agua, Biznagre, Candy Barrelcactus, Compass Barrel, Compass Plant, Fishhook Barrel Cactus, Southwest Barrel Cactus, Southwestern Barrel Cactus, Visnaga, Wislizenus Barrel, Yellow-spined Barrel Cactus (terrestrial perennial succulent subshrub, shrub or tree (to 11 feet high); within range reported from canyon walls, rocky slopes, hills, bajadas, plains, gravelly flats and along washes and arroyos below 4,500 feet elevation; useful as an ornamental)
Mammillaria grahamii G. Engelmann var. grahamii (Mammillaria microcarpa G. Engelmann): Arizona Fishhook Cabeza de Viejo Cekida, Cactus, Biznaguita, Fishhook Cactus, Graham Fishhook, Graham’s Nipple Cactus, Graham Pincushion Cactus, Lizard Catcher (terrestrial perennial succulent subshrub or shrub (under 6 inches high); within range reported from rocky slopes, rock outcrops, rocky hillsides, boulder crevices, gravelly flats, valleys and along washes below 4,500 feet elevation; useful as an ornamental)
Opuntia arbuscula G. Engelmann: Arizona Pencil Cholla, Bush Pencil Cholla, Pencil Cholla (terrestrial perennial succulent subshrub or shrub (to 9 feet high); within range reported from rocky slopes, bajadas, plains, gravelly flats, valleys and along washes and arroyos 1,000 to 3,000 feet elevation; useful as an ornamental)
Opuntia engelmannii J.F. Salm-Reifferscheid-Dyck var. engelmannii (Opuntia phaeacantha G. Engelmann var. discata (D. Griffiths) L. Benson & D.L. Walkington): Abrojo, Cactus Apple, Desert Pricklypear Cactus, Engelmann Pricklypear, Flaming Pricklypear, Joconostle, Nopal, Prickly Pear, Vela de Coyote (terrestrial perennial succulent subshrub or shrub (to 4 feet high); within range reported from canyon bottoms, rocky slopes, ridges, bajadas, slopes, benches, rocky and gravelly flats, valleys, and along washes, gullies and arroyos 1,000 to 6,500 feet elevation; useful as an ornamental; provides cover for many desert animals)
Opuntia fulgida G. Engelmann var. fulgida: Chain Cholla, Chain-fruit Cholla, Cholla, Cholla Brincadora, Choya, Jumping Cholla, Sonora Jumping Cholla, Velas de Ccoyote (terrestrial perennial succulent subshrub, shrub or tree (to 15 feet high); within range reported from mesas, rocky slopes, hills, bajadas, plains, gravelly flats, valleys and along washes below 4,000 feet elevation; useful as an ornamental)
Opuntia fulgida G. Engelmann var. mammillata (H.W. Schott ex G. Engelmann) T. Coulter: Cholla Brincadora, Cholla, Jumping Cholla, Smooth Chain-fruit Cholla, Velas de Coyote (terrestrial perennial succulent subshrub, shrub or tree (to 15 feet high); within range reported from hills, bajadas, gravelly flats and along washes below 4,000 feet elevation; useful as an ornamental)
Opuntia leptocaulis A.P. de Candolle: Agujilla, Christmas Cactus, Christmas Cholla, Darning Needle Cactus, Desert Christmas Cactus, Desert Christmas Cholla, Holycross Cholla, Pipestem Cactus, Rattail Cactus, Tajasilla, Tasajillo, Tesajo (terrestrial perennial succulent subshrub or shrub (to 3 feet high); within range reported from mesas, rocky slopes, bajadas, plains, gravelly flats, valleys, along washes and arroyos and bottomlands and floodplains 200 to 5,000 feet elevation; useful as an ornamental)
Opuntia macrocentra G. Engelmann var. macrocentra (Opuntia violacea G. Engelmann ex B.D. Jackson var. macrocentra (G. Engelmann) L. Benson; Opuntia violacea G. Engelmann ex B.D. Jackson var. violacea): Black-spined Pricklypear, Duranzilla, Long-spined Pricklypear, Purple Pricklypear (terrestrial perennial succulent subshrub, shrub or tree (to 2 feet high); within range reported from hills, bajadas, slopes, flats, valleys and along washes 2,000 to 5,500 feet elevation; useful as an ornamental)
Opuntia x neoarbuscula D.
Opuntia phaeacantha G. Engelmann var. major G. Engelmann: Abrojo, Joconostle, Major Pricklypear, Mojave Pricklypear, Nopal, Sprawling Prickly Pear, Vela de Coyote, Yellow Pricklypear (terrestrial perennial succulent subshrub or shrub (to 5 feet high); within range reported from rocky slopes, hills, bajadas, flats and valleys in sandy, gravelly or rocky soils 1,000 to 7,500 feet elevation; useful as an ornamental; provides cover for many desert animals)
Opuntia spinosior (G. Engelmann) J.W. Toumey: Cane Cholla, Cardenche, Handgrip Cholla, Spiny Cholla, Tasajo, Walkingstick Cactus, Walking Stick Cholla (terrestrial perennial succulent subshrub, shrub or tree (to 10 feet high); within range reported from mountainsides, canyons, hills, bajadas, gravelly flats, valleys, along washes and arroyos and floodplains 1,000 to 5,000+ feet elevation; useful as an ornamental)
Opuntia tetracantha J.W. Toumey (Opuntia kleiniae A.P. de Candolle var. tetracantha (J.W. Toumey) W.T. Marshall): Candle Cholla, Four-spined Cholla, Klein Pencil Cholla, Pencil Joint Cholla, Tucson Cholla (terrestrial perennial succulent subshrub or shrub (to 7 fee high); within range reported from rocky slopes, bajadas, rocky and gravelly flats and along washes 2,000 to 3,500 feet elevation; useful as an ornamental)
Peniocereus greggii (G. Engelmann) N.L. Britton & J.N. Rose var. transmontanus (G. Engelmann) Backeberg: Arizona Queen of the Night, Chaparral Cactus, Deerhorn Cactus, Desert Night-blooming Cereus, Desert Threadcereus, Nightblooming Cereus, Queen of the Night, Reina de la Noche (terrestrial perennial succulent subshrub or shrub (to 8 feet high); within range reported from bajadas, gravelly flats and along washes 1,000 to 3,500 feet elevation; useful as an ornamental, plant under desert shrubs such as the Creosote Bush, Foothill Paloverde and Velvet Mesquite for support and protection, the large (2-3 inch) flowers are very fragrant)
Chenopodiaceae: The Goosefoot Family
Atriplex canescens (F.T. Pursh) T. Nuttall: Cenizo, Chamiso, Chamiso Cenizo, Chamiza, Costilla de Vaca, Four-wing Saltbush, Narrow-leaf Saltbush, Narrowleaf Wingscale, Thinleaf Fourwing Saltbush, Grey Sage Brush, Orache, Saladillo, Wngscale (terrestrial perennial evergreen shrub (3 to 6 feet high); within range reported from rocky slopes, gravelly and sandy flats and along washes below 6,500 feet elevation; useful as an ornamental and in controlling erosion)
Chenopodium berlandieri C.H. Moquin-Tandon: Berlandier Goosefoot, Berlandier Netseed, Netseed Lambsquarters, Pitseed Goosefoot, Southern Huauznotle, Teksasinsavikka (terrestrial annual herb; within range reported from roadsides and disturbed areas below 9,500 (?) feet elevation)
Monolepis nuttalliana (J.A. Schultes) E.L. Greene: Annual Povertyweed, Monolepis, Nutall Monolepis, Nuttall’s Povertyweed, Papago Spinach, Patata, Patota, Patote, Poverty Weed, Suolasavikka (terrestrial winter annual herb; within range reported from gravelly flats, roadsides, washes and disturbed areas below 7,500 feet elevation)
Salsola tragus C. Linnaeus (Salsola iberica Sennen & C. Pau, Salsola kali C. Linnaeus var. tenuifolia (H. Tausch) P. Aellen, Salsola kali C. Linnaeus subsp. tragus (C. Linnaeus) P. Aellen): Cardo Ruso, Chamiso, Chamiso Valador, Coast Saltwort, Common Russian Thistle, Prickly Russian Thistle, Russian Thistle, Tumbleweed, Tumbling Thistle, Volador, Wind Witch (terrestrial annual herb; within range reported from rocky slopes, gravelly flats, roadsides, along washes, floodplains and disturbed areas 150 to 7,000 feet elevation. EXOTIC Invasive Plant)
Convolvulaceae: The Morning-glory Family
Ipomoea purpurea (C. Linnaeus) A.W. Roth (Ipomoea hirsutula N.J. von Jacquin f.): Common Morning-glory, Entireleaf Morning-glory, Garden Morning-glory, Mexican Morning-glory, Tall Morning-glory, Woolly Morning-glory (terrestrial long lived annual herb or vine; within range reported from flats, roadsides, ditches, along washes and disturbed areas. EXOTIC Invasive Plant)
Cucurbitaceae: The Cucumber Family
Apodanthera undulata A. Gray: Melon Loco (terrestrial perennial herb or creeping vine (to 10 feet long); within range reported from mesas, canyons, rocky slopes, plains, gravelly flats, roadsides and washes 1,500 to 5,500 feet elevation)
Tumamoca macdougalii J.N. Rose: Globeberry, MacDougal Tumamoc Globeberry, Tumamoc Globeberry (terrestrial perennial herb or vine; within range reported from hillsides, bajadas, slopes, gravelly flats scrubs, grasslands, desertscrubs and along washes and arroyos below 3,000 feet elevation)
Ephedraceae: The Mormon-tea Family
Ephedra trifurca J. Torrey ex S. Watson: Canatilla, Canitilla, Desert Ephedra, Desert Joint-fir, Itama Real, Longleaf Ephedra, Longleaf Joint-fir, Mexican Tea, Mormon Tea, Popotilla, Popotillo, Tepopote, Teposote (terrestrial perennial subshrub or shrub (to 15 feet high); within range reported from mesas, gravelly slopes, bajadas, plains, flats, sand hills, dunes, and along sandy washes below 4,500 feet elevation; useful as an ornamental)
Fabaceae (Leguminosae): The Pea Family
Acacia constricta G. Bentham: Chaparro Prieto, Common Whitethorn, Garabato, Gigantillo, Huisache, Largoncillo, Mescat Acacia, Vara Prieta, Vinorama, Whitethorn Acacia, White Thorn (terrestrial perennial deciduous shrub or tree (to 10 feet high); within range reported from mesas, canyons, rocky slopes, ridges, gravelly bajadas, gravelly flats, floodplains and along washes and arroyos 2,500 to 5,000 feet elevation; useful as an ornamental, the flowers are fragrant)
Acacia greggii A. Gray var. greggii (Acacia greggii A. Gray, Acacia greggii A. Gray var. arizonica P.T. Isley): Algarroba, Catclaw, Catclaw Acacia, Devil’s Claw, Gatuno, Gregg Catclaw, Tear Blanket, Tepame, Tesota, Una de Gato (terrestrial perennial deciduous shrub or tree (to 23 feet high); within range reported from canyons, rocky slopes, floodplains and along sandy washes and streams below 4,500 feet elevation: useful as an ornamental)
Lotus humistratus E.L. Greene: Foothill Deervetch, Hill Deervetch, Hill Lotus, Foothill Deervetch (terrestrial winter annual herb; within range reported from rocky and gravelly slopes, gravelly bajadas and gravelly flats below 5,000 feet elevation)
Lotus strigosus (T. Nuttall) E.L. Greene var. tomentellus P.T. Isely (Lotus tomentellus E.L. Greene): Annual Lotus, Desert Deervetch, Desert Lotus, Hairy Deer Vetch, Hairy Lotus, Strigose Bird’s-foot Trefoil (terrestrial annual herb; within range reported from gravelly flats and along washes below 3,000 feet elevation)
Parkinsonia florida (G. Bentham ex A. Gray) S. Watson (Cercidium floridum G. Bentham): Blue Paloverde, Paloverde (terrestrial perennial deciduous shrub or tree (to 30 feet high); within range reported from canyons, hills, bajadas, slopes, flats, roadsides, floodplains and along sandy washes below 6,000 feet elevation; useful as an ornamental with a very showy display of yellow flowers in the spring; twigs and seed pods are browsed by wildlife, seeds are eaten by birds and rodents; useful in controlling erosion)
Prosopis velutina E.O. Wooton (Prosopis juliflora (O. Swartz) A.P. de Condolle var. velutina (E.O. Wooton) C.S. Sargent): Algarroba, Chachaca, Mesquite, Mezquite, Velvet Mesquite (terrestrial perennial deciduous shrub or tree (20 to 50 feet high); within range reported from mesas, canyons, bajadas, slopes, gravelly flats, roadsides, along washes and streams and floodplains below 6,000 feet elevation; useful as an ornamental; provides food and shelter for many species of wildlife)
Fouquieriaceae: The Ocotillo Family
Fouquieria splendens G. Engelmann: Albarda, Barda, Candle Bush, Candle Wood, Coach Whip, Flamingsword, Jacob’s Staff, Monkey-tail, Ocotillo, Ocotillo del Corral, Slimwood, Vine Cactus (terrestrial perennial shrub (7 to 33 feet high); within range reported from mesas, rocky slopes, hills, bajadas, plains and gravelly flats below 6,500 feet elevation; useful as an ornamental; a preferred food plant of Costa’s Hummingbird)
Geraniaceae: The Geranium Family
Erodium cicutarium (C. Linnaeus) C.L. L'Héritier de Brutelle: Afilaree, Alfilaria, Alfilerilla, Alfilerillo, Clocks, Common Stork’s Bill, Filaree, Heron Bill, Red-stem Filaree, Redstem Stork’s Bill (terrestrial winter annual or biennial herb; within range reported from mesas, bajadas, plains, gravelly flats, roadsides and disturbed areas below 7,000 feet elevation. EXOTIC; poses a significant threat to native habitat)
Nyctaginaceae: The Four-o’clock Family
Allionia incarnata C. Linnaeus: Guapile, Herba de la Hormiga, Pink Three-flower, Trailing Allionia, Trailing Four O’Clock, Trailing Windmills, Umbrella Wort, Windmills (terrestrial perennial herb; within range reported from rocky slopes, gravelly flats, along washes and disturbed sites below 6,000 feet elevation)
Boerhavia sp.: Spiderling
Pedaliaceae: The Sesame Family
(Martyniaceae: The Unicorn-plant Family)
Proboscidea parviflora (E.O. Wooton) P.C. Standley subsp. parviflora: Cuernitos, Doubleclaw, Elephant Tusks, New Mexico Devil’s-claw, Small-flowered Devil’s-claw, Elephant Tusks, Small-flowered Unicorn Plant (terrestrial annual herb; within range reported from mesas, plains, gravelly flats, roadsides, washes and disturbed areas 1,000 to 5,000 feet elevation)
Poaceae (Gramineae): The Grass Family
Aristida purpurea T. Nuttall: Perennial Three-awn, Purple Needle-grass, Purple Threeawn, Tres Barbas Purpurea (terrestrial perennial herb; within range reported from rocky slopes, plains, gravelly flats, roadsides and disturbed areas below 5,000 feet elevation)
Aristida ternipes A.J. Cavanilles: Spidergrass (terrestrial perennial herb; within range reported from mesas, plateaus, rocky and gravelly slopes, hills, gravelly and sandy bajadas, gravelly flats, roadsides and disturbed areas below 6,000 feet elevation)
Avena fatua C. Linnaeus: Flaxgrass, Oatgrass, Wheat Oats, Wild Oat (terrestrial winter annual herb; within range reported from rocky
slopes, sandy bajadas, roadsides, along washes, low-lying areas and disturbed areas
below 8,250 feet elevation. EXOTIC Invasive Plant)
Chloris crinita M. Lagasca y Segura (Trichloris crinita (M. Lagasca y Segura) L.R. Parodi, Trichloris mendocina (R.A. Philippi) F. Kurtz): False Rhodes Grass, Feather Fingergrass, Multiflowered Chloris (terrestrial perennial herb; within range reported from mesas, canyons, hills, plains and flats below 4,000 feet elevation; useful as an ornamental)
Cynodon dactylon (C. Linnaeus) C.H. Persoon: Bermudagrass, Devil Grass, European Bermuda Grass, Pata de Gallo, Zacate Bermuda, Zacate Ingles (terrestrial perennial herb; within range reported from canyons, roadsides, seeps, moist soil along washes, streambeds, cienegas and disturbed areas below 6,000 feet elevation. EXOTIC Invasive Plant; poses a significant threat to native habitat)
Digitaria californica (G. Bentham) J.S. Henrickson (Trichachne californica (G. Bentham) M.A. Chase): Arizona Cottontop, California Cottontop, Cotton-top, Zacate Punta Blanca (terrestrial perennial herb or subshrub; within range reported from mesas, canyons, rocky slopes and gravelly flats 1,000 to 6,000 feet elevation; useful as an ornamental)
Dasyochloa pulchella (K.S. Kunth in Humbolt, Bonpland and Kunth) C.L. von Wildenow x P.A. Rydberg (Erioneuron pulchellum (K.S. Kunth in Humbolt, Bonpland and Kunth) T. Tateoka, Tridens pulchellus (K.S. Kunth in Humbolt, Bonpland and Kunth) A.S. Hitchcock): Desert Fluffgrass, Fluffgrass, Low Woollygrass, Zacate Borreguero (terrestrial perennial herb; within range reported from mesas, rocky slopes, rocky hills, gravelly bajadas and gravelly flats below 5,500 feet elevation)
Eragrostis lehmanniana C.G. Nees von Esenbeck: Lehmann Lovegrass, Zacate Africano, Zacate de Amor (terrestrial perennial herb; within range reported from gravelly slopes, gravelly bajadas, gravelly flats, roadsides, along sandy washes and disturbed areas. EXOTIC Invasive Plant; poses a significant threat to native habitat)
Muhlenbergia porteri F.L. Scribner ex W.J. Beal: Bush-grass, Bush Muhly, Mesquitegrass, Zacate Aparejo (terrestrial herb or subshrub; within range reported from mesas, canyons, rocky slopes, gravelly flats and along washes 2,000 to 5,500 feet elevation; useful as an ornamental)
Pennisetum ciliare (C. Linnaeus) J.H. Link: African Foxtail, Anjangrass, Buffelgrass, Bufle, Zacate Buffle (terrestrial perennial herb; within range reported from rocky slopes, bajadas, roadsides, along washes and disturbed areas. EXOTIC Invasive Plant; poses a significant threat to native habitat)
Schismus barbatus (P. Loefling ex C. Linnaeus) A. Thellung: Common Mediterranean Grass, Mediterraneangrass, Zacate Mediterrane Comun (terrestrial annual herb; within range reported from bajadas, rocky and gravelly slopes, gravelly flats and washes 1,000 to 4,000 feet elevation. EXOTIC Invasive Plant; poses a significant threat to native habitat)
Setaria vulpiseta (J.B. de Lamarck) J.J. Roemer & J.A. Shultes (Setaria macrostachya K.S. Kunth in Humbolt, Bonpland and Kunth): Assaak, Plains Bristlegrass, Xikkaa Kiix, Zacate Tempranero, Zacate Temprano (terrestrial perennial herb; within range reported from canyons, rocky slopes, plains, gravelly flats, along washes and streambeds 2,000 to 7,000 feet elevation)
Sorghum halepense (C. Linnaeus) C.H. Persoon: Johnsongrass, Zacate Johnson (terrestrial perennial herb; within range reported from roadsides, ditch banks, cienegas, moist soil, low-lying areas, waste places and disturbed areas below 6,000 feet elevation. EXOTIC Invasive Plant; poses a significant threat to native habitat)
Sporobolus contractus A.S. Hitchcock: Spike Dropseed (terrestrial perennial herb; within range reported from mesas, bluffs, rocky slopes, sand hills, gravelly and sandy flats, roadsides, along washes and floodplains 1,500 to 6,000 feet elevation; useful as an ornamental)
Ranunculaceae: The Buttercup Family
Clematis drummondii J. Torrey & A. Gray: Barbas de Chivato, Drummond’s Clematis, Old Man’s Beard, Texas-virgin Bower, Texas Virgin’s Bower, Virgin’s Bower (terrestrial perennial vine, subshrub or woody climber; within range reported from canyons, rocky slopes, flats, open ground and along washes and streams below 4,000 feet elevation)
Rhamnaceae: The Buckthorn Family
Ziziphus obtusifolia (W.J. Hooker ex J. Torrey & A. Gray) A. Gray var. canescens (A. Gray) M.C. Johnston (Condalia lycioides (A. Gray) A. Weberbauer var. canescens (A. Gray) W. Trelease): Abrojo, Bachata, Barbachatas, Clepe, Garrapata, Garumbullo, Gray-leaved Abrojo, Gray-thorn, Greythorn, Gumdrop Tree, Lotebush, Palo Blanco, Southwestern Condalia, White Crucillo (terrestrial perennial shrub or small tree (to 10 feet high); within range reported from mesas, gravelly slopes, gravelly bajadas, plains, gravelly flats, along washes and streambeds and bottomlands 1,000 to 5,000 feet elevation; useful as an ornamental)
Solanaceae: The Potato Family
Datura wrightii E.A. Regel (Datura metaloides auct. non M.F. Dunal): Giant Jimson, Indian Apple, Jimson Weed, Moon Lily, Sacred Datura, Sacred Thorn-apple, Thornapple, Tolache, Tolguacha, Western Jimson (terrestrial annual or perennial herb or subshrub; within range reported from mesas, plains, roadsides, arroyos, along ditches and disturbed areas 1,000 to 6,500 feet elevation. Poisonous)
Lycium sp.: Desert-thorn, Lycium, Thornbush, Wolfberry
Solanum elaeagnifolium A.J. Cavanilles: Bull Nettle, Desert Nightshade, Silver Horsenettle, Silverleaf Nightshade, Trompillo, White Horsenettle (terrestrial perennial herb or subshrub; within range reported from plains, flats, roadsides, cienegas and disturbed areas 1,000 to 5,500 feet elevation)
Ulmaceae: The Elm Family
Celtis pallida J. Torrey: Acebuche, Bainoro, Capul, Desert Hackberry, Garabato, Garambullo, Granjeno, Huasteco, Palo de Aguila, Rompecapa, Shiny Hackberry, Spiny Hackberry (terrestrial perennial deciduous shrub or tree (3 to 18 feet high); within range reported from canyons, mesas, rocky slopes, bajadas, flats, along washes and streambeds 2,500 to 6,000 feet elevation; larval food plant for the American Snout (Libytheana carinenta) and Empress Leilia (Asterocampa leilia), this plant provides excellent cover for many birds, and the fruit are eaten by many birds and small desert mammals; useful as an ornamental)
Viscaceae: The Christmas Mistletoe Family
(Loranthaceae: The Mistletoe Family)
Phoradendron californicum T. Nuttall (Phoradendron californicum T. Nuttall var. distans W. Trelease): American Mistletoe, Desert Mistletoe, Mesquite Mistletoe, Toji, Western Dwarf Mistletoe (terrestrial perennial subshrub or shrub; partial parasite observed growing on Velvet Mesquite, commonly found on Acacia spp., Condalia spp., Larrea spp., Olneya spp., Parkinsonia spp., Prosopis spp., and Ziziphus spp. below 4,000 feet elevation; Phainopeplas feed on the berries and disperse the seeds to other host plants; Verdins nest in the stems; the fragrant flowers attract insects)
Zygophyllaceae: The Creosote-bush Family
Larrea tridentata (M. Sessé y Lacasta & J.M. Mociño ex A.P. de Condolle) F.V. Coville var. tridentata (Larrea divaricata A.J. Cavanilles subsp. tridentata (M. Sessé y Lacasta & J.M. Mociño ex A.P. de Condolle) R.S. Felger & R.T. Lowe, Larrea tridentata (M. Sessé y Lacasta & J.M. Mociño ex A.P. de Condolle) F.V. Coville): Chaparral, Creosote Bush, Greasewood, Gobernadora, Guamis, Hediondilla (terrestrial perennial evergreen shrub (3 to 10 feet high); within range reported from mesas, rocky slopes, plains and gravelly flats below 5,000 feet elevation; useful as an ornamental, characteristic plant of the southwestern deserts with its distribution very closely delineating the desert regions. PERIPHERAL PLANT(S))
LISTING OF ANIMALS
(based in part on a general listing of animals reported from the Santa Rita Experimental Range)
BIRDS
Columbidae: The Dove and Pigeon Family
Zenaida asiatica (Linnaeus): Mexican Dove, Okokoi (Tohono O’odham),
Paloma ala Blancha (Hispanic), Paloma de alas
Zenaida macroura (Linnaeus) (Zenaidura macroura (Linnaeus)): Hohhi (Tohono O’odham), Huilota (Hispanic), Paloma Triste (Hispanic), Mourning Dove, Turtle Dove, Wild Dove (feeds on fruit, insects and seeds; nests are loose twig platforms located in cacti, shrubs trees and on the ground)
Cuculidae: The Ani, Cuckoo and Roadrunner Family
Geococcyx californianus (Lesson): Correcaminos Norteno (Hispanic), Greater Roadrunner, Paisano (Hispanic), Tadai (feeds on the young of ground nesting birds, insects, lizards, scorpions and snakes; nests are course shallow cups of sticks located in cacti, mesquite trees and shrubs)
Emberizidae: The Emberizid Family
Aimophila carpalis (Coues): Rufous-winged Sparrow (feeds on berries, buds, fruit, insects and seeds; nests are cups made up of woven course and fine grasses located low bushes and cacti, in young mesquite trees and on the ground)
Odontiphoridae: The Quail Family
Callipepla squamata (Vigors): Blue Racer Quail, Blue Quail, Codorniz Escamosa (Hispanic), Cotton Top, Cottontop Quail, Mexican Quail, Scaled Partridge, Scaled Quail, Top-knot Quail (feeds on berries, buds, insects and seeds; nest are hollows or depressions under shrubs)
Callipepla gambelii (Gambel) (Lophortyx gambelii Gambel): Arizona Quail, Cordoniz de Gambel (Hispanic), Codorniz (Gambel) Chiquiri (Hispanic), Desert Quail, Gambel’s Quail, Kikaichu (Tohono O’odham) (feeds on berries, buds, insects and seeds; eggs are laid in a ground scrape or grass lined nests located on the ground under prickly-pear cacti)
Scolopacidae: The Curlew, Sandpiper and Allies Family
Calidris melanotos Vieillot: Sandpiper (feeds on insects; nests are scrapes and grassy hollows located on the
tundra; seen in
Trochilidae: The Hummingbird Family
Calypte costae (Bourcier): Chuparosa Costa (Hispanic), Costa’s Hummingbird (feeds on small insects and nectar; nests are leaf-thatched and lichen woven cups located in shrubs and trees)
MAMMALS
Canidae: The Dog and Allies Family
Canis latrans Say: Coyote (feeds on amphibians, berries, birds, carrion, fruits, gophers, insects, mice, rabbits, reptiles and squirrels)
Castoridae: The Beaver Family
Castor canadensis Kuhle: American Beaver; Beaver; Beaver Castor (Hispanic) (found in aquatic habitats including creeks, streams, rivers, marshes, cienegas, ponds and lakes; feeds on bark, branches, buds, leaves or needles and twigs of alder, aspen, birch, cattail, cottonwood, maple, mesquite, tamarix and willow, and the roots of pond lilies and other tuberous plants; beaver dams help reduce erosion and provide habitat for other animals including otters and waterfowl; beavers have been reported as having once been widespread in all of the permanent streams in Arizona, their historical distribution in Pima County is unknown.)
Cervidae: The Deer and Allies Family
Odocoileus hemionus (Rafinesque): Black-tailed Deer, Burro, Desert Mule Deer, Mule Deer, Venado Pardo (Hispanic) (feeds on beans, branches, fruit, leaves or needles, nuts, seeds and/or twigs of aspen, barberry, bitterbrush, blackberry, buckbrush, buckwheat, calliandra, ceanothus, catclaw, cedar, cliffrose, dogwood, Douglas fir, huckleberry, joint fir, jojoba, juniper, mountain mahogany, mountainlover, oak, pinyon, ponderosa pine, poplar, sagebrush, saltbush, serviceberry, thimbleberry, white fir, wild cherry, willow and yew, and grasses lupines, mistletoe, moss, mushrooms, salal, sedges and spurge; reported from desert foothills with scrub growth, thick growth along washes, forest edges and mountains )
Odocoileus virginianus (Zimmermann) subsp. couesi: Arizona Whitetail, Coues’ Deer, Coues’ White-tailed Deer, Fantail, Sonora White-tailed Deer, Sonoran Fantail, Venado Cola Blanca (Hispanic), Virginia Deer, Whitetail, White-tailed Deer (feeds on fungi, grass and acorns, branches, buds, cones, fruits, leaves, mast, needles and /or twigs of alder, barberry, buckbrush, calliandra, catclaw acacia, Emory and scrub oaks and other evergreen oaks, hackberry, hemlock, holly-leaf buckthorn, juniper, mesquite, mountainlover, Oregon-grape, pinyon, ratany, sagebrush, skunkbush, spiderwort, spruce, willow, yellow-leaf silktassel; reported from mountains, canyons, forests, woodlands, meadows, scrub and desertscrub)
Felidae: The Cat Family
Felis concolor Linnaeus (Puma concolor): California Lion, Catamount Cat (a mountain Red Tiger), Cougar, El Leon (Hispanic), Leon de Montana (Hispanic), Mountain Lion, Painter American Lion, Panther; Puma (feeds on beaver, desert bighorn sheep, birds, black bears, cottontail rabbits, jackrabbits, javelina, mule deer, porcupine, pronghorn antelope, skunks, small mammals and white-tailed deer)
Heteromyidae: The Kangaroo Rat and Pocket Mouse Family
Chaetodipus baileyi Merriam (Perognathus baileyi Merriam) subsp. baileyi: Bailey’s Pocket Mouse, Raton de Bailey (Hispanic) (feeds on vegetation, and fruits and seeds of cactus, grass and other herbs; the nest is made in underground burrows)
Chaetodipus penicillatus Woodhouse (Perognathus penicillatus Woodhouse): Desert Pocket Mouse, Raton de Desierto (Hispanic), Sonoran Desert Pocket Mouse (feeds on seeds of creosote bush, grass, greythorn, herbs and mesquite; the nest is made in underground burrows)
Dipodomys spectabilis (Merriam); Banner-tailed Kangaroo Rat, Kangaroo Rat, Rata de Nopalera (Hispanic) (feeds on grasses, green and succulent plants, insects rodents and seeds; nests are made up of chaff, stems and leaves of grass located in underground burrows in firm soils)
Perognathus amplus
Perognathus flavus (Baird): Silky Pocket Mouse (feeds on seeds; nests are located in underground burrows)
Leporidae: The Hare and Rabbit Family
Lepus alleni (Mearns): Antelope Jack Rabbit (feeds
on cacti, Catclaw Acacia, grasses, herbs and the bark, buds and leaves of
mesquite)
Lepus californicus Gray: Black-tailed Jack Rabbit, “Jackass Rabbit” (feeds on grass, mesquite leaves and prickly-pear cacti)
Sylvilagus audubonii (Baird): Desert Cottontail (feeds on green plants, cacti, bark and twigs)
Muridae: The Mouse and Rat Family
Neotoma albigula Hartley: Packrat, White-throated Packrat, Trade Rat, White-throated Wood Rat (feeds on cacti, forbs, fruits, juniper, leaves, mesquite beans, seeds and yucca; nests are built under mesquite, cholla and prickly-pear cacti, or in rocky crevices using sticks, pieces of cholla and prickly-pear cacti, and rubbish, sometimes with underground burrows)
Onychomys torridus (Coves): Raton Chapulinero del Sur (Hispanic), Scorpion Mouse, Southern Grasshopper Mouse (feeds on arthropods, beetles, grasshoppers, insects, lizards, other species of mice, scorpions, seeds and small vertebrates; nests are located in underground burrows)
Mustelidae: The Skunk, Weasel and Allies Family
Lontra canadensis (Schreber) (Lutra canadensis (Schreber)): Arizona Otter, Nearctic River Otter, Northern river Otter, Pah-hua-pe’na (Tewa), River Otter, Southwestern River Otter (feeds on crayfish, crustaceans, fish, frogs, large aquatic insects, mice and turtles; reported from permanently flowing water of streams and rivers and lakes, ponds, including beaver ponds, marshes, cienegas with overhanging bank vegetation and haul-out and slide sites for access, and establishing dens in banks; river otters have been reported as having once been widespread in all of the larger permanent river systems in Arizona, their historical presence in Pima County is unknown)
Sciuridae: The Squirrel and Allies Family
Ammospermophilus harrisii (Audubon and Bachman) (Citellus harrisii (Audubon and Bachman)): Harris’ Antelope Squirrel (feeds on fruits, insects, plants and seeds)
Spermophilus tereticaudus (Citellus tereticaudus (Baird)): Round-tailed Ground Squirrel (feeds on buds of burroweed and mesquite, cacti, green vegetation, insects, seeds of creosote bush, mesquite, flowers of ocotillo, paloverde, plantain, and saltbush, observed visiting road kill and taking young quail)
Tayassuidae: The Javelina Family
Peccari tajacu Linnaeus (Tayassu tajacu): Collared Peccary, Jabalina (Hispanic), Javelina, Peccary (feeds on agaves, amphibians, berries, bulbs, fungi, grass, insects, mesquite beans, nuts, succulent plants, prickly-pear and other cacti, reptiles, rodents, roots, sotol, tubers and worms; they bed down during the day in thick brush and prickly-pear thickets)
Ursidae: The Bear Family
Ursus arctos (Linnaeus): Brown Bear, Grizzly Bear, Oso Gris (feeds
on berries, carrion, fish, fungi, insects, leaves, mammals, roots and sprouts;
reported from the Rincon and Santa Catalina Mountains and along the Santa Cruz
River bottom from Nogales to Tucson. EXTIRPATED from
REPTILES
Teiidae: The Whiptail and Allies Family
Aspidoscelis sonorae Lowe and Wright (Cnemidophorus “sonorae”): Sonoran Spotted Whiptail (feeds on centipedes, insects, other lizards, scorpions, spiders and termites; reported from woodlands and grasslands, on rocky slopes, desertscrubs and in riparian forests)
Viperidae: The Pit Viper Family
If bitten by a rattlesnake remain calm, remove all jewelry (including watches), immobilize extremity,
keep at level below
the heart, decrease total body activity, and transport to medical facility. Do
not apply ice to bitten area, do not use an incision of any kind, do not use a
tourniquet, do not administer drugs or alcohol, and do not use electric shock
treatment (Tuscon Herpetological Society. 1995. Living with Rattlesnakes.
Crotalus atrox Baird and Girard: Western Diamondback Rattlesnake (feeds on bird’s eggs and young birds, frogs, gophers, lizards, mice, prairie dogs, rabbits, rats, squirrels and toads; reported from mountains, canyons, rocky slopes, forests, woodlands, rocky hillsides, scrubs, sandy flats, plains, desertscrubs, lowland areas, riparian areas, river bottoms and coastal plains; venomous snake)
Crotalus molossus Baird and Girard: Blacktail Rattlesnake, Black-tailed Rattlesnake (feeds on small mammals; reported from mountains, cliffs, rockslides, rocky slopes, rock outcrops, forests, woodlands, scrubs, grasslands and desertscrubs; venomous snake)
Crotalus scutulatus Kennicott: Mojave Rattlesnake (feeds on reptiles, kangaroo rats and other rodents; reported from lower mountains slopes, woodlands, scrubs, grasslands, desertscrubs and mesquite bosques; a venomous and extremely dangerous snake)
Listing Footnotes
(1) National Geographic
(2) Walker, Henry P. and Don
Bufkin. 1979. Historical Atlas of
(3)
(4) Brown, David E., Biotic Communities of the American Southwest – United States and Mexico, Desert Plants, Volume 4, Numbers 1-4, Published by the University of Arizona for the Boyce Thompson Southwestern Arboretum, 1982, and associated map: Brown, David E. and Charles H. Lowe, Biotic Communities of the Southwest, August 1980, General Technical Report RM-78, United Stated Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Forest and Range Experiment Station, Revised June 1983
(5) Nomenclature generally
follows that presented by The Biota of North America Program of the North
Carolina Botanical Garden (BONAP) with A Synonymized
Checklist of the Vascular Flora of the
http://www.csdl.tamu.edu/FLORA/b98/check98.htm
(6) Growth habits generally
coincide with that given by the National Plants Database. Common names
identified in the database have been printed in bold lettering: USDA, NRCS.
2004. The PLANTS Database, Version 3.5 (http://plants.usda.gov).
Literature, References and Web Sites Cited, Consulted and Visited for
Listings
*Arid Zone Trees, A Resource for Landscape Professionals, dedicated to providing quality trees to the Landscape Industries that are appropriate to the Desert Southwest
http://www.aridzonetrees.com/index.htm
*
*Arizona Game and
http://www.gf.state.az.us/w_c/edits/species_concern.shtml
* Arizona General Soil Map, July 1975, United States Department of Agriculture - Soil Conservation Service and the University of Arizona Agricultural Experiment Station, compiled by J.E. Jay, Y.H. Havens, D.M. Hendricks, D.F. Post and C.W. Guernsey.
*
*Barnes, Will C. 1988.
*Benson, Lyman. 1981. The Cacti of Arizona,
The University of Arizona Press, Tucson, Arizona.
*Benson, Lyman and Robert A. Darrow. 1981.
Trees and Shrubs of the Southwestern Deserts, The University of Arizona Press,
Tucson, Arizona.
*The Biota of North America Program of the North Carolina Botanical Garden (BONAP) with A Synonymized Checklist of the Vascular Flora of the United States, Puerto Rico and the Virgin Islands, Full Index 1998.
http://www.csdl.tamu.edu/FLORA/b98/check98.htm
*Biota Information System of
http://nmnhp.unm.edu/bisonm/bisonquery.php
*Bowers, Janice E. and Steven P. McLaughlin.
1987. Flora and Vegetation of the Rincon
Mountains, Pima County, Arizona, Desert Plants, Volume 8, Number 2.
*Bowers, J.E., and R.M. Turner. 1985. A Revised Vascular Flora of Tumamoc Hill.
*Breitung, August J., The Agaves, The Cactus
and Succulent Journal 1968 Yearbook, Abbey Garden Press, Reseda, California.
*Brenzel, Kathleen N. 2001.
Sunset Western Garden Book, Sunset
Publishing Corporation,
*Brown, David E. 1982. Biotic Communities of the American Southwest – United States and Mexico, Desert Plants, Volume 4, Numbers 1-4, Published by the University of Arizona for the Boyce Thompson Southwestern Arboretum, and associated map: Brown, David E. and Lowe, Charles H., Biotic Communities of the Southwest, August 1980, General Technical Report RM-78, United Stated Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Forest and Range Experiment Station Revised June 1983.
*Catalogue of
http://mobot.mobot.org/W3T/Search/index/nwgctA.html
*Chamber, Nina – Sonoran
Institute & Hawkins, Trica Oshant - Environmental Education Exchange.
Invasive Plants of the
*Checklist of North American
Butterflies Occurring North of
http://www.naba.org/pubs/enames2.html
*The Collection, Volume 4 Issue 4, Winter 2002-2003
http://tcbmed.com/Newsletters/Volume4-Issue4-Usnea.html
*Dollar, Derrick; Scott
Richardson and
*Duffield, Mary Rose and Warren D. Jones.
1981. Plants for Dry Climates, HP Books, Los Angeles, California
*Earle, W. Hubert. 1963. Cacti of the
Southwest, Rancho Arroyo book distributors, Tempe, Arizona.
*Epple, Anne Orth. 1995. A field Guide
to the Plants of Arizona, Falcon Press Publishing Co., Inc.,
*Erickson, Jim. 1998. 2 Areas
Near Santa Ritas Sought for Conservation, Park, the
*Especies Forestales No Maderables - Indices
http://www.semarnat.gob.mx/pfnm/indices.html
*Felger, Richard S. 1997.
Checklist of the Vascular Plants of Cabeza Prieta National Wildlife Refuge,
Arizona, Drylands Institute,
*
http://www.floridanature.org/copyright.asp
*Gould, Frank W. 1951. Grasses of Southwestern
United States, University of Arizona Press, Tucson, Arizona.
*Hawksworth, Frank G. and Delbert
Wiens. March 1996.
http://www.rmrs.nau.edu/publications/ah_709/index.html
*Haynes, Lisa and Susan Schuetze. 1997. Pamphlet: A Sampler of Arizona’s Threatened and Endangered Wildlife, Arizona Game and Fish Department and Arizona Department of Agriculture.
*The Hermannia Pages: American Species
http://www.meden.demon.co.uk/Malvaceae/Hermannia/American.html
*Heymann, M.M. 1975. Reptiles and
Amphibians of the American Southwest, Doubleshoe Publishers,
*Hoffmeister. 1980. Ursus arctos, Specimens in Collections
*Housholder, Bob. 1966. The
Grizzly Bear in
*Integrated Taxonomic Information System (ITIS)
*The International Plant Names Index (2004), accessed 2005. Published on the Internet
*Jepson Flora Project
http://ucjeps.berkeley.edu/copyright.html
*Johnson, Matthew Brian. 2004. Cacti, other
Succulents, and Unusual Xerophytes of Southern Arizona, Boyce Thompson
Southwestern Arboretum / Arizona Lithographers, Tucson, Arizona.
*Kearney, Thomas K. and Robert H. Peebles. 1951.
with Supplement 1960. Arizona Flora, University of California Press, Berkeley,
Los Angeles, California.
*Krausman, Paul R. and Michael L.
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