December 6,
2005 Update
TOWNSHIP
16 SOUTH, RANGE 17 EAST, PIMA COUNTY, ARIZONA
Gila
and Salt River Baseline and Meridian
Major Contributors and Sources of
Information: William T. Kendall.
Species Distribution Lists are being developed to encourage and promote the conservation of local native animals and plants. They are developed for legally defined geographic areas, and larger bodies of water. They are provided to environmental consultants, property owners, and government agencies interested in promoting conservation. Listings include species reported as having been observed in or reported from the described area.
Due to continuing additions and corrections the listings should be considered a work in progress. Species once reported as having occurred within the described area, but that no longer occurs there are shown are having been EXTIRPATED. This list includes species that are not native to Arizona (EXOTIC). Exotic plants are not recommended for use in landscaping or restoration projects. Disjunct species, outliers and plants on the edge of the main population, as observed by the surveyor, are noted as being PERIPHERAL PLANT(S). Landscaped plants are not included in the listings unless they have become naturalized in the surrounding native environment.
Local native vegetation is recommended for use in landscaping and restoration projects. To determine what could be considered as local native vegetation look at both the project township and the eight contiguous townships for plants of similar habitat and elevation. Plants should be planted in their approximate original habitat and density. Use of native plants encourages native animals to remain in the area and helps to retain the areas natural beauty, unique identity and heritage.
Appreciation is expressed to the
officers and staff of the Arizona Department of Agriculture, the Arizona Game
and Fish Department,
Species Distribution Lists are periodically updated and revised. These listings have been created and maintained by William T. Kendall. Comments, the reporting of corrections, the reporting of unrecorded species in townships and the reporting of information relating to the historical distribution of species would be greatly appreciated, and may be sent by mail to: Kendall Environmental Surveys, P.O. Box 87967, Tucson, Arizona 85754-7967, or E-mail to: KendallEnvironmentalSurveys@msn.com.
DISCLAIMER: The information presented as township notes has been obtained from large scale mapping and should be used only as a general guide. Information used in these lists is accepted from biologists and individuals interested in helping to promote the conservation of our natural resources. Mistakes are made in the identification of species and in the recording of information, and changes in nomenclature occur. For these reasons I can not and do not warrant the accuracy of these listings.
CAUTION: Many native desert plants have sharp thorns and spines. Care should be given when handling them and consideration should be given to public safety at sites where they are to be planted.
This photograph was
taken looking north toward the
The following are a few of the plants reported from this township that might be useful in landscaping and restoration projects. Trees and Large Shrubs: Saguaro (Carnegiea gigantea), Velvet Mesquite (Prosopis velutina), Blue Paloverde (Parkinsonia florida), Ocotillo (Fouquieria splendens), Foothill Paloverde (Parkinsonia microphylla), Catclaw Acacia (Acacia greggii var. greggii), Soaptree Yucca (Yucca elata var. elata), Redberry Juniper (Juniperus coahuilensis), Longleaf Joint-fir (Ephedra trifurca), Chain-fruit Cholla (Opuntia fulgida var. fulgida), Fishhook Barrel Cactus (Ferocactus wislizeni), Whitethorn Acacia (Acacia constricta), Cane Cholla (Opuntia spinosior), Kearney Condalia (Condalia warnockii var. kearneyana), Greythorn (Ziziphus obtusifolia var. canescens), Creosote Bush (Larrea tridentata var. tridentata) and Common Sotol (Dasylirion wheeleri). Vines and Climbers: Fingerleaf Gourd (Cucurbita digitata) and Slender Janusia (Janusia gracilis). Shrubs and Large Grasses: Arizona Yucca (Yucca baccata var. brevifolia), Wright Sacaton (Sporobolus wrightii), Four-wing Saltbush (Atriplex canescens), Desert Pricklypear Cactus (Opuntia engelmannii var. engelmannii), Wright Beebush (Aloysia wrightii), Palmer Agave (Agave palmeri), Plains Bristlegrass (Setaria vulpiseta), Cane Beardgrass (Bothriochloa barbinodis), Desert Christmas Cholla (Opuntia leptocaulis), Parry Penstemon (Penstemon parryi), Arizona Cottontop (Digitaria californica), White Brittlebush (Encelia farinosa), Fairy Duster (Calliandra eriophylla var. eriophylla), Brownfoot (Acourtia wrightii), Burroweed (Isocoma tenuisecta), Bush Muhly (Muhlenbergia porteri), Sideoats Grama (Bouteloua curtipendula), Tanglehead (Heteropogon contortus), Pappusgrass (Pappophorum vaginatum) and Rock Hibiscus (Hibiscus denudatus). Subshrubs, Herbs and Small Succulents: Black-spined Pricklypear Cactus (Opuntia macrocentra var. macrocentra), Mariola (Parthenium incanum), Cooper Paperflower (Psilostrophe cooperi), Desert Senna (Senna covesii), Bundle Hedgehog (Echinocereus fendleri var. fasciculatus), Yellow Menodora (Menodora scabra), Straight-spined Hedgehog Cactus (Echinocereus fendleri var. rectispinus), Desert Zinnia (Zinnia acerosa), Hairyseed Bahia (Bahia absinthifolia), Desert Unicorn-plant (Proboscidea althaeifolia), Common Dogweed (Thymophylla pentachaeta var. pentachaeta), Mesa Tansyaster (Machaeranthera tagetina), Desert Holly (Acourtia nana), Desert Unicorn-plant (Proboscidea althaeifolia), Leatherweed (Croton pottsii var. pottsii), Graham Pincushion Cactus (Mammillaria grahamii var. grahamii) and Desert Fluffgrass (Dasyochloa pulchella).
Township Notes
Location: This township is
located in east-central
Landmarks: Named canyons and
hills include
Elevation: Elevations range from approximately 3,270 in the Cienega Creek on the west township line to approximately 4,976 feet at an unnamed peak located west of the northeast corner (1).
Soil: Soils are described as thermic (hot) arid and semiarid soils (soils with mean annual temperatures of 59 degrees to 72 degrees Fahrenheit (15 degrees to 22 degrees Centigrade) and 10 to 16 inches (25 to 41 cm) mean annual precipitation) of the White House-Bernardino-Caralampi Association (deep, semiarid soils on uplands), Caralampi-Hathaway Association (deep, semiarid gravelly soils on deeply dissected uplands) and the Rock Outcrop-Lampshire-Cellar Association (rock outcrop and very shallow and shallow semiarid soils of the mountains and foothills) and mesic (cool) subhumid soils (soils with mean annual soil temperatures of 47 degrees to 59 degrees Fahrenheit (8 degrees to 15 degrees Centigrade) and more than 16 inches (41 cm) mean annual precipitation) of the Rock Outcrop-Barkerville-Faraway Association (rock outcrop and very shallow and shallow subhumid soils of the mountains) with isolated areas of Rock Outcrop and shallow soils (3).
Biotic Community: Portions of this township are located within the Chihuahuan Desertscrub Regional Formation of the Desertscrub Formation, Scrub-Grassland (Semidesert Grassland) Regional Formation of the Grassland Formation and the Madrean Evergreen Woodland of the Woodland Formation with associated Wetlands (4).
Maps created with TOPO! R C 2002 National Geographic
Map of Township Showing Adjacent Sections
The
The ARIZONA NATIVE PLANT SOCIETY
is a statewide nonprofit organization devoted to
Contact:
The DESERT SURVIVORS NATIVE PLANT
NURSERY
http://www.desertsurvivors.org/nursery.asp
The DESERT SURVIVORS NATIVE PLANT NURSERY
sells many local native plants and is willing to consider growing any native
plant for which there is a buyer.
Contact: Desert Survivors Native Plant
Nursery, 1020 West Starr Pass Boulevard, Tucson, Arizona 85713, 520-791-9309.
The
The TUCSON CACTUS AND SUCCULENT SOCIETY is a non-profit organization dedicated to educating, teaching and learning about cacti and succulent plants. Their monthly programs feature knowledgeable individuals who can educate you and help you understand more about these fascinating plants. They conduct and sponsor native cactus and succulent rescue operations, plant sales, field trips, nursery and garden visits, conventions and conferences as well as other activities throughout the year.
NATIVE PLANT RESCUE NOTICE
(The Tucson Cactus and Succulent Society puts
a tremendous amount of time and effort
into the
organizing and overseeing of their rescue
events. The native plant rescues carried out by the dedicated
members of the Society provide an immeasurable service to our community.)
The TUCSON CACTUS AND SUCCULENT
SOCIETY organizes native plant rescues in areas being cleared for development.
If interested in rescuing plants and/or obtaining local native plants for your
landscaping or restoration project join the Society and become a rescue crew
member.
Contact: Tucson Cactus and
Succulent Society, PO Box 64759, Tucson, Arizona 85728-4759, 520-885-6367.
LISTING
OF PLANTS
STRICTLY ENFORCED LAWS PROTECT MANY
OF ARIZONA’S NATIVE PLANTS FROM
COLLECTION, MUTILATION OR
DESTRUCTION
Agavaceae: The Century-plant Family
Agave palmeri G. Engelmann (5): Agave, Century Plant, Lechugilla, Maguey, Mescal, Palmer Agave, Palmer’s Century Plant (terrestrial perennial evergreen succulent herb (6), subshrub or shrub (under 4 feet high with a flowering stem reaching to 24 feet in height); within range reported from mesas, canyons, rocky slopes, ridges, hills, bajadas and outcrops 3,500 to 7,500 feet elevation; the Black-chinned Hummingbird (Archilochus alexandri) has been observed visiting the flowers; useful as an ornamental)
Dasylirion wheeleri S. Watson: Cactus Spoon, Common Sotol, Desert Spoon, Sotol, Spoon Flower, Spoon Plant, Wheeler Dasylirion, Wheeler Sotol (terrestrial perennial evergreen subshrub or shrub (under 8 feet high with a flowering spike reaching to 15 feet in height); within range reported from mesas, canyons, rocky slopes, ridges, bajadas and rocky and gravelly hillsides 4,000 to 6,000 feet elevation; useful as an ornamental; browsed by bighorn sheep)
Yucca baccata J. Torrey var. brevifolia (H.W. Schott ex J. Torrey) L. Benson & R.A. Darrow (Yucca arizonica S.A. McKelvey, Yucca thornberi S.A. McKelvey): Arizona Yucca, Banana Yucca, Datil, Palma Criolla, Spanish Dagger, Thornber Yucca (terrestrial perennial evergreen herb, subshrub or shrub (under 7 feet high with a flowering stalk reaching to 5 feet in height); within range reported from mesas, canyons, slopes, hills, bajadas, plains, gravelly flats, valleys and along washes and arroyos 3,000 to 5,000 feet elevation; useful as an ornamental)
Yucca elata (G. Engelmann) G. Engelmann var. elata: Amole, Datil, Palmilla, Palmlilja Jukka, Pamilla, Pamella, Soaptree, Soaptree Yucca, Soap Weed, Spanish Bayonet (terrestrial perennial narrow-leaved evergreen, palm-like shrub or tree (25 feet high or more with a flowering stalk reaching to 6 feet or more in height); within range reported from mesas, hills, bajadas, plains, gravelly flats, valleys and along washes and arroyos 1,500 to 6,000 feet elevation; useful as an ornamental)
Amaranthaceae: The Amaranth Family
Tidestromia lanuginosa (T. Nuttall) P.C. Standley: Espanta Vaqueras, Herba Lanuda, Hierba Ceniza, Honeysweet, Woolly Honeysweet, Woolly Tidestromia (terrestrial summer annual herb; within range reported from canyons, rocky slopes, flats, along washes, floodplains and disturbed areas below 5,500 feet elevation)
Apiaceae: The Carrot Family
(Umbelliferae: The Parsley Family)
Lilaeopsis schaffneriana (D.F. von Schlechtendal) T. Coulter & J.N. Rose var. recurva (A.W. Hill) J.M. Affolter (Lilaeopsis recurva A.W. Hill, Lilaeopsis schaffneriana (D.F. von Schlechtendal) T. Coulter & J.N. Rose subsp. recurva (A.W. Hill) J.M. Affolter): Cienega False Rush, Cienega Water Umbel, Huachuca Water Umbel, Schaffner’s Grasswort (terrestrial perennial herb; within range reported from wet ground near perennial seeps, springs, streams, rivers, cienegas, marshy wetlands and in shallow water)
Asteraceae: The Aster Family
(Compositae: The Sunflower Family)
Acourtia nana (A. Gray) J.L. Reveal & G. King (Perezia nana A. Gray): Desert Holly, Dwarf Desertpeony (terrestrial perennial herb (to 10 inches high); within range reported from mesas, bajadas, slopes and gravelly flats below 6,000 feet elevation; useful as an ornamental)
Acourtia wrightii (A. Gray) J.L. Reveal & G. King (Perezia wrightii A. Gray): Brownfoot, Desert Holly, Perezia, Pink Perezia (terrestrial perennial herb (to 3 feet high); within range reported from canyons, rocky slopes, foothills, gravelly bajadas and flats below 6,000 feet elevation; useful as an ornamental)
Ambrosia confertiflora A.P. de Condolle (Franseria confertiflora (A.P. de Condolle) P.A. Rydberg): Altamisa de Playa, Bursage Ragweed, Estafiate, Field Ragweed, Slimleaf Bursage, Weakleaf Burr Ragweed, Weak-leaved Burweed (terrestrial perennial herb; within range reported from mesas, slopes, roadsides, washes, floodplains and disturbed areas 1,000 to 6,500 feet elevation)
Baccharis sarothroides A. Gray: Amargo, Broom Baccharis, Desert Broom, Desertbroom, Escoba, Hierba del Pasmo, Mexican Broom, Romerillo, Rosin Brush (terrestrial perennial shrub (to 10 feet high); within range reported from hills, flats, roadsides, along washes and streambeds, floodplains, bottom lands and disturbed areas 1,000 to 5,500 feet elevation; useful as an ornamental, consider planting male plants only to eliminate seed production)
Baileya multiradiata W.H. Harvey & A. Gray ex A. Gray: Baileya del Desierto, Desert Baileya, Desert Marigold, Hierba Amarilla, Many-flowered Desert-marigold, Paper Daisy, Wild Marigold (terrestrial annual, biennial or perennial herb (to 2 feet high); within range reported from mesas, bajadas, sandy and gravelly flats, roadsides and washes below 5,000 feet elevation; useful as an ornamental)
Encelia farinosa A. Gray ex J. Torrey: Brittlebush, Button Brittlebush, Goldenhills, Hierba Cenisa, Hierba de Gusano, Hierba de las Animas, Hierba del Vaso, Incienso, Rama Blanca, White Brittlebush (terrestrial perennial subshrub or shrub (to 3 feet high); within range reported from mesas, rocky slopes, bajadas, flats and washes below 3,000 feet elevation; useful as an ornamental)
Eupatorium solidaginifolium A. Gray (Koanophyllon solidaginifolium (A. Gray) G. King & H.E. Robbins): Boneset, Shrubby Thoroughwort (terrestrial perennial subshrub or shrub; within range reported from rocky canyons and rocky slopes 3,000 to 5,000 feet elevation)
Gutierrezia microcephala (A.P. de Condolle) A. Gray: Sticky Snakeweed, Threadleaf Snakeweed, Three-leaf Snakeweed (terrestrial perennial herb, subshrub or shrub (to 2 feet high); within range reported from rocky slopes, hills, bajadas, washes, floodplains and disturbed areas 3,500 to 6,500 feet elevation)
Gutierrezia sarothrae (F.T. Pursh) N.L. Britton & H.H. Rusby: Broombrush, Broom Snakeweed, Broomweed, Cayaye, Hierba de la Vibora, Hierba de San Nicolas, Matchbrush, Matchweed, Perennial Broomweed, Perrenial Snakeweed, Resin-weed, Round-head Broomweed, Sheepweed, Stinkweed, Snakeweed, Turpentine Weed, Yellowtop, Yellow-weed, Yerba de San Nicholas (terrestrial perennial herb, subshrub or shrub (to 2 feet high); within range reported from rocky slopes, flats, roadsides and along washes 3,000 to 8,000 feet elevation)
Isocoma tenuisecta E.L. Greene (Aplopappus
tenuisectus (E.L. Greene) J. Blake,
Haplopappus tenuisectus (E.L. Greene) J. Blake): Burroweed, Hierba del Burrow (terrestrial
perennial herb, subshrub or shrub (to 3 feet high); within range reported from
mesas, rocky slopes, bajadas, plains, gravelly flats, roadsides, draws and
disturbed areas 2,000 to 5,500 feet elevation; useful as an ornamental)
Machaeranthera tagetina E.L. Greene (Aster tagetinus (E.L. Greene) J. Blake): Mesa Tansyaster, Tansyleaf Spine Aster (terrestrial annual herb; within range reported from mesas, rocky slopes, gravelly flats, roadsides, washes, floodplains, riverbanks and disturbed areas 1,500 to 4,500 feet elevation)
Parthenium incanum K.S. Kunth in Humbolt, Bonpland and Kunth: Crowded Rayweed, Mariola (terrestrial perennial subshrub (to 2 feet high); within range reported from mesas, canyons, rocky slopes, plains and gravelly flats 2,500 to 6,000 feet elevation; useful as an ornamental)
Psilostrophe cooperi (A. Gray) E.L. Greene: Cooper Paperflower, Paper Daisy, Paper Flower, Whitestem Paperflower, Yellow Paper Daisy (terrestrial perennial subshrub or shrub (to 2 feet high); within range reported from mesas, rocky slopes, bajadas, plains, gravelly flats and floodplains 2,000 to 5,000 feet; useful as an ornamental elevation)
Thymophylla pentachaeta (A.P. de Condolle) J.K. Small var. pentachaeta (Dyssodia pentachaeta (A.P. de Condolle) B.J Robinson): Common Dogweed, Dogweed, Fiveneedle Pricklyleaf, Golden Dogweed, Golden Dyssodia, Parralena, Parvialena, Scale Glandbush, Thurber Dyssodia (terrestrial perennial herb, subshrub or shrub (under 1 foot high); within range reported from mesas, rocky slopes, flats, roadsides and disturbed areas 2,500 to 4,500 feet elevation; useful as an ornamental; larval food plant of the Dainty Sulfur)
Tithonia thurberi A. Gray: Arizona Sunflowerweed (terrestrial annual herb; within range reported from mountains, mountainsides, canyons, woodlands, ravines, grasslands, roadsides, near streams, mesquite bosques, riparian forests and disturbed areas 1,600 to 4,600 feet elevation)
Xanthium strumarium C. Linnaeus var. canadense (P. Miller) J. Torrey & A. Gray (Xanthium saccharatum C.F. Wallroth): Abrojo, Cadillos, Canada Coclebur, Clotbur, Cocklebur, Common Cocklebur, Rough Cocklebur (terrestrial long lived annual herb; within range reported from roadsides, washes, floodplains, streambeds and adjacent to wetlands 100 to 6,000 feet elevation. EXOTIC Invasive Plant)
Zinnia acerosa (A.P. de Condolle) A. Gray (Zinnia pumila A. Gray): Desert Zinnia, Spinyleaf Zinnia, White Zinnia, Wild Zinnia (terrestrial perennial subshrub or shrub (under 1 foot high); within range reported from mesas, rocky slopes, gravelly bajadas, gravelly flats and floodplains 2,500 to 5,000 feet elevation; useful as an ornamental)
Boraginaceae: The Borage Family
Cryptantha barbigera (A. Gray) E.L. Greene: Bearded Cat’s-eye, Bearded Cryptantha, Bearded Forget-me-not, Bearded Nievitas, Peluda (terrestrial winter annual herb; within range reported from rocky slopes, gravelly and sandy flats and washes below 5,000 feet elevation)
Lappula occidentalis (S. Watson) E.L. Greene (Lappula redowski (J.W. Hornemann) E.L. Greene): Flatspine Stickseed, Stickseed (terrestrial winter annual or biennial herb; within range reported from gravelly flats, along washes, floodplains and disturbed areas 1,000 to 8,500 feet elevation)
Pectocarya recurvata I.M. Johnston: Arched Bomb-bur, Archnut Combbur, Arch-nutted Combbur, Curvenut Combseed (terrestrial winter annual herb; within range reported from gravelly slopes, flats and disturbed areas below 5,000 feet elevation)
Tiquilia canescens (A.P. de Condolle) A. Richardson var. canescens (Coldenia canescens A.P. de Condolle): Crinkle Mats, Gray Coldenia, Hierba de la Virgin, Oreja de Perro, Shrubby Coldenia, Woody Crinklemat (terrestrial perennial subshrub or shrub (under 1 foot high); within range reported from mesas, gravelly bajadas, slopes, gravelly flats and dirt roads below 3,500 feet elevation; useful as an ornamental)
Brassicaceae (Cruciferae): The Mustard Family
Brassica tournefortii A. Gouan: African Mustard, Asian Mustard, Mostaza, Mostaza Africana, Mostaza del Sahara, Sahara Mustard, Wild Turnip (terrestrial annual herb; within range reported from rocky slopes, flats, roadsides and disturbed areas 2,100 to 4,300 feet elevation. EXOTIC Invasive Plant; poses a significant threat to native habitat)
Descurainia pinnata (T. Walter) N.L. Britton: Green Tansy Mustard, Pamita, Pinnate Tansy Mustard, Sirolitutilli, Tansy Mustard, Western Tansymustard, Yellow Tansy Mustard (terrestrial winter annual or biennial herb; within range reported from rocky and gravelly slopes, bajadas, gravelly flats, along washes and floodplains below 7,000 feet elevation)
Guillenia lasiophylla (W.J. Hooker & G.A. Arnott) E.L. Greene (Caulanthus lasiophyllus (W.J. Hooker & G.W. Arnott) E.B. Payson, Caulanthus lasiophyllus (W.J. Hooker & G.W. Arnott) E.B. Payson var. utahensis (P.A. Rydberg) E.B. Payson, Thelypodium lasiophyllum (W.J. Hooker & G.W. Arnott) E.L. Greene): California Mustard, Cutleaf Thelypody, Wild Cabbage (terrestrial winter annual herb; within range reported from rocky slopes, bajadas, gravelly flats, along washes and floodplains below 3,500 feet elevation)
Lesquerella gordonii (A. Gray) S. Watson: Arizona Bladderpod Mustard, Beanpod, Bladderpod Mustard, Gordon’s Bladderpod, Yellow Bladderpod (terrestrial winter annual herb; within range reported from mesas, canyons, rocky slopes, bajadas, plains, rocky and gravelly flats, along washes and floodplains below 5,000 feet elevation)
Sisymbrium irio C. Linnaeus: London Rocket, Pamita, Pamiton, Rocket Mustard (terrestrial annual herb; within range reported from rocky and gravelly flats, roadsides, floodplains and disturbed areas below 4,500 feet elevation. EXOTIC Invasive Plant)
Streptanthus carinatus C. Wright ex A. Gray: Lyreleaf Jewelflower, Lyreleaf Twistflower, Lyre-leaved Twistflower, Silver Bells (terrestrial winter annual or biennial herb; within range reported from rocky slopes, gravelly bajadas, gravelly flats and along washes 1,500 to 4,500 feet elevation)
Cactaceae: The Cactus Family
Carnegiea gigantea (G. Engelmann) N.L. Britton & J.N. Rose (Cereus giganteus G. Engelmann): Giant Cactus, Saguaro, Sahuaro (terrestrial perennial succulent tree (to 50 feet high or more); within range reported from canyon walls, rocky and gravelly slopes, ridges and foothills, rocky hill sides, bajadas, plains, gravelly flats, valleys and along washes and arroyos below 5,100 feet elevation; the Broad-billed Hummingbird (Cynanthus latirostris), Costa’s Hummingbird (Calypte costae), Rufous Hummingbird (Selasphorus rufus) and Broad-tailed Hummingbird (Selasphorus platycercus) have been observed visiting the flowers, white-wing doves as well as other birds and animals feed on the saguaro seeds during fruiting season; Gila Woodpeckers and Gilded Flickers make holes in this plant for their nests which are later utilized by Elf Owls; useful as an ornamental. PERIPHERAL PLANT(S))
Echinocereus fendleri (G. Engelmann) F. Seitz var. fasciculatus (G. Engelmann ex B.D. Jackson) N.P. Taylor (Echinocereus fasciculatus (G. Engelmann ex B.D. Jackson) L. Benson, Echinocereus fendleri (G. Engelmann) K.T. Rümpler var. robustus (R.H. Peebles) L. Benson, Mammillaria fasciculata G. Engelmann ex B.D. Jackson): Bundle Hedgehog Cactus, Pinkflower Hedgehog Cactus, Robust Hedgehog Cactus (terrestrial perennial succulent subshrub or shrub (under 2 feet high); within range reported from rocky slopes, hills, bajadas, gravelly flats, valleys and along washes 2,000 to 3,000 feet elevation; useful as an ornamental)
Echinocereus fendleri (G. Engelmann) F. Seitz var. rectispinus (R.H. Peebles) L. Benson (Echinocereus fendleri (G. Engelmann) K.T. Rümpler var. rectispinus (R.H. Peebles) L. Benson): Pinkflower Hedgehog Cactus, Straight-spined Hedgehog Cactus (terrestrial perennial succulent subshrub or shrub (under 1 foot high); within range reported from rocky and gravelly slopes, hills, flats and along arroyos 3,000 to 5,000 feet elevation; useful as an ornamental)
Escobaria vivipara (T. Nuttall) F. Buxbaum var. bisbeeana (C.R. Orcutt) D.R. Hunt (Coryphantha vivipara (T. Nuttall) N.L. Britton & J.N. Rose var. bisbeeana (C.R. Orcutt) L. Benson): Beehive Cactus, Bisbee Beehive Cactus, Bisbee Spinystar, Cushion Cactus, Spinystar, Spiny Star Cactus (terrestrial perennial succulent subshrub or shrub (to 1 foot high); within range reported from mountains, hills, slopes, plains and flats 3,000 to 7,000 feet elevation; useful as an ornamental)
Ferocactus wislizeni (G. Engelmann) N.L. Britton & J.N. Rose: Arizona Barrel Cactus, Barrel Cactus, Bisnaga, Biznaga, Biznaga de Agua, Biznagre, Candy Barrelcactus, Compass Barrel, Compass Plant, Fishhook Barrel Cactus, Southwest Barrel Cactus, Southwestern Barrel Cactus, Visnaga, Wislizenus Barrel, Yellow-spined Barrel Cactus (terrestrial perennial succulent subshrub, shrub or tree (to 11 feet high); within range reported from canyon walls, rocky slopes, hills, bajadas, plains, gravelly flats and along washes and arroyos below 4,500 feet elevation; useful as an ornamental)
Mammillaria grahamii G. Engelmann var. grahamii (Mammillaria microcarpa G. Engelmann): Arizona Fishhook Cabeza de Viejo Cekida, Cactus, Biznaguita, Fishhook Cactus, Graham Fishhook, Graham’s Nipple Cactus, Graham Pincushion Cactus, Lizard Catcher (terrestrial perennial succulent subshrub or shrub (under 6 inches high); within range reported from rocky slopes, rock outcrops, rocky hillsides, boulder crevices, gravelly flats, valleys and along washes below 4,500 feet elevation; useful as an ornamental)
Mammillaria heyderi F. Müehlenpfordt var. macdougalii (J.N. Rose) L. Benson (Mammillaria gummifera G. Engelmann var. macdougalii (J.N. Rose) L. Benson; Mammillaria macdougalii J.N. Rose): MacDougal’s Nipple Cactus, MacDougal Pincushion Cactus (terrestrial perennial succulent subshrub or shrub (under 1 foot high); within range reported from mountains, hillsides, slopes, flats and valleys 3,000 to 5,500 feet elevation; useful as an ornamental)
Opuntia engelmannii J.F. Salm-Reifferscheid-Dyck var. engelmannii (Opuntia phaeacantha G. Engelmann var. discata (D. Griffiths) L. Benson & D.L. Walkington): Abrojo, Cactus Apple, Desert Pricklypear Cactus, Engelmann Pricklypear, Flaming Pricklypear, Joconostle, Nopal, Prickly Pear, Vela de Coyote (terrestrial perennial succulent subshrub or shrub (to 4 feet high); within range reported from canyon bottoms, rocky slopes, ridges, bajadas, slopes, benches, rocky and gravelly flats, valleys, and along washes, gullies and arroyos 1,000 to 6,500 feet elevation; useful as an ornamental; provides cover for many desert animals)
Opuntia fulgida G. Engelmann var. fulgida: Chain Cholla, Chain-fruit Cholla, Cholla, Cholla Brincadora, Choya, Jumping Cholla, Sonora Jumping Cholla, Velas de Ccoyote (terrestrial perennial succulent subshrub, shrub or tree (to 15 feet high); within range reported from mesas, rocky slopes, hills, bajadas, plains, gravelly flats, valleys and along washes below 4,000 feet elevation; the Costa’s Hummingbird (Calypte costae) has been observed visiting the flowers; useful as an ornamental)
Opuntia fulgida G. Engelmann var. mammillata (H.W. Schott ex G. Engelmann) T. Coulter: Cholla Brincadora, Cholla, Jumping Cholla, Smooth Chain-fruit Cholla, Velas de Coyote (terrestrial perennial succulent subshrub, shrub or tree (to 15 feet high); within range reported from hills, bajadas, gravelly flats and along washes below 4,000 feet elevation; the Costa’s Hummingbird (Calypte costae) has been observed visiting the flowers; useful as an ornamental)
Opuntia leptocaulis A.P. de Candolle: Agujilla, Christmas Cactus, Christmas Cholla, Darning Needle Cactus, Desert Christmas Cactus, Desert Christmas Cholla, Holycross Cholla, Pipestem Cactus, Rattail Cactus, Tajasilla, Tasajillo, Tesajo (terrestrial perennial succulent subshrub or shrub (to 3 feet high); within range reported from mesas, rocky slopes, bajadas, plains, gravelly flats, valleys, along washes and arroyos and bottomlands and floodplains 200 to 5,000 feet elevation; useful as an ornamental)
Opuntia macrocentra G. Engelmann var. macrocentra (Opuntia violacea G. Engelmann ex B.D. Jackson var. macrocentra (G. Engelmann) L. Benson; Opuntia violacea G. Engelmann ex B.D. Jackson var. violacea): Black-spined Pricklypear, Duranzilla, Long-spined Pricklypear, Purple Pricklypear (terrestrial perennial succulent subshrub, shrub or tree (to 2 feet high); within range reported from hills, bajadas, slopes, flats, valleys and along washes 2,000 to 5,500 feet elevation; useful as an ornamental)
Opuntia phaeacantha G. Engelmann var. major G. Engelmann: Abrojo, Joconostle, Major Pricklypear, Mojave Pricklypear, Nopal, Sprawling Prickly Pear, Vela de Coyote, Yellow Pricklypear (terrestrial perennial succulent subshrub or shrub (to 5 feet high); within range reported from rocky slopes, hills, bajadas, flats and valleys in sandy, gravelly or rocky soils 1,000 to 7,500 feet elevation; useful as an ornamental; provides cover for many desert animals)
Opuntia spinosior (G. Engelmann) J.W. Toumey: Cane Cholla, Cardenche, Handgrip Cholla, Spiny Cholla, Tasajo, Walkingstick Cactus, Walking Stick Cholla (terrestrial perennial succulent subshrub, shrub or tree (to 10 feet high); within range reported from mountainsides, canyons, hills, bajadas, gravelly flats, valleys, along washes and arroyos and floodplains 1,000 to 5,000+ feet elevation; useful as an ornamental)
Sclerocactus erectocentrus (T. Coulter) N.P.
Echinomastus erectocentrus (T. Coulter) N.L. Britton & J.N. Rose var. acunensis (W.T. Marshall) L. Benson (Neolloydia erectocentra (T. Coulter) L. Benson var. acunensis (W.T. Marshall) L. Benson): Acuna Cactus, Bisnagitas, Red-spined Pineapple Cactus (terrestrial perennial succulent subshrub or shrub (under 6 inches high); within range reported from ridges and bajadas 1,200 to 2,300 feet elevation),
and
Echinomastus erectocentrus (T. Coulter) N.L. Britton & J.N. Rose var. erectocentrus (Neolloydia erectocentra (T. Coulter) L. Benson var. erectocentra: Bisnagitas, Needle-spined Pineapple Cactus, Redspine Fishhook Cactus (terrestrial perennial succulent subshrub or shrub (under 1 foot high); within range reported from hills, bajadas, slopes and flats 1,000 to 4,500 feet elevation)
Chenopodiaceae: The Goosefoot Family
Atriplex canescens (F.T. Pursh) T. Nuttall: Cenizo, Chamiso, Chamiso Cenizo, Chamiza, Costilla de Vaca, Four-wing Saltbush, Narrow-leaf Saltbush, Narrowleaf Wingscale, Thinleaf Fourwing Saltbush, Grey Sage Brush, Orache, Saladillo, Wngscale (terrestrial perennial evergreen shrub (3 to 6 feet high); within range reported from rocky slopes, gravelly and sandy flats and along washes below 6,500 feet elevation; useful as an ornamental and in controlling erosion)
Salsola tragus C. Linnaeus (Salsola iberica Sennen & C. Pau, Salsola kali C. Linnaeus var. tenuifolia (H. Tausch) P. Aellen, Salsola kali C. Linnaeus subsp. tragus (C. Linnaeus) P. Aellen): Cardo Ruso, Chamiso, Chamiso Valador, Coast Saltwort, Common Russian Thistle, Prickly Russian Thistle, Russian Thistle, Tumbleweed, Tumbling Thistle, Volador, Wind Witch (terrestrial annual herb; within range reported from rocky slopes, gravelly flats, roadsides, along washes, floodplains and disturbed areas 150 to 7,000 feet elevation. EXOTIC Invasive Plant)
Cucurbitaceae: The Cucumber Family
Cucurbita digitata A. Gray: Calabachilla, Chichi Coyota, Coyote Gourd, Coyote Melon, Fingerleaf Gourd (terrestrial perennial herb or vine; within range reported from plains, gravelly and sandy flats, roadsides, washes and floodplains below 5,000 feet elevation; useful as an ornamental)
Cupressaceae: The
Juniperus coahuilensis (Martinez) H.M. Gaussen ex R.P. Adams: Coahuila Juniper, Redberry Juniper (terrestrial perennial evergreen tree (to16 feet high; within range reported from mountains, canyons, cliffs, foothills, rocky hillsides, slopes woodlands, rocky outcrops, among boulders, scrubs, grasslands, desertscrubs, along washes and streambeds and riparian areas 1,800 to 6,200 feet elevation; useful as an ornamental)
Cyperaceae: The Sedge Family
Carex ultra L.H. Bailey: Arizona Giant Sedge, Cochise Sedge (terrestrial perennial herb; within range reported from seeps, springs and wet alluvial, gravelly and sandy soils 2,000 to 6,000 feet elevation)
Ephedraceae: The Mormon-tea Family
Ephedra trifurca J. Torrey ex S. Watson: Canatilla, Canitilla, Desert Ephedra, Desert Joint-fir, Itama Real, Longleaf Ephedra, Longleaf Joint-fir, Mexican Tea, Mormon Tea, Popotilla, Popotillo, Tepopote, Teposote (terrestrial perennial subshrub or shrub (to 15 feet high); within range reported from mesas, gravelly slopes, bajadas, plains, flats, sand hills, dunes, and along sandy washes below 4,500 feet elevation; useful as an ornamental)
Euphorbiaceae: The Spurge Family
Croton pottsii (J.F. Klotzsch) J. Müller Argoviensis var. pottsii (Croton corymbulosus G. Engelmann): Leatherweed, Leather Weed Croton (terrestrial perennial herb, subshrub or shrub; within range reported from rocky slopes 2,500 to 6,000 feet elevation)
Fabaceae (Leguminosae): The Pea Family
Acacia constricta G. Bentham: Chaparro Prieto, Common Whitethorn, Garabato, Gigantillo, Huisache, Largoncillo, Mescat Acacia, Vara Prieta, Vinorama, Whitethorn Acacia, White Thorn (terrestrial perennial deciduous shrub or tree (to 10 feet high); within range reported from mesas, canyons, rocky slopes, ridges, gravelly bajadas, gravelly flats, floodplains and along washes and arroyos 2,500 to 5,000 feet elevation; useful as an ornamental, the flowers are fragrant)
Acacia greggii A. Gray var. greggii (Acacia greggii A. Gray, Acacia greggii A. Gray var. arizonica P.T. Isley): Algarroba, Catclaw, Catclaw Acacia, Devil’s Claw, Gatuno, Gregg Catclaw, Tear Blanket, Tepame, Tesota, Una de Gato (terrestrial perennial deciduous shrub or tree (to 23 feet high); within range reported from canyons, rocky slopes, floodplains and along sandy washes and streams below 4,500 feet elevation: useful as an ornamental)
Calliandra eriophylla G. Bentham var. eriophylla: Cabelleto de Angel, Cabeza Angel, Fairyduster, False Mesquite, False Mesquite Calliandra, Guajillo, Hairy-leaved Calliandra, Huajillo, Mesquitilla (terrestrial perennial deciduous subshrub or shrub (to 3 feet high); within range reported from mesas, canyons, rocky slopes, gravelly bajadas, gravelly flats and along washes below 5,000 feet elevation; useful as an ornamental; browsed by wildlife.)
Lotus humistratus E.L. Greene: Foothill Deervetch, Hill Deervetch, Hill Lotus, Foothill Deervetch (terrestrial winter annual herb; within range reported from rocky and gravelly slopes, gravelly bajadas and gravelly flats below 5,000 feet elevation)
Parkinsonia florida (G. Bentham ex A. Gray) S. Watson (Cercidium floridum G. Bentham): Blue Paloverde, Paloverde (terrestrial perennial deciduous shrub or tree (to 30 feet high); within range reported from canyons, hills, bajadas, slopes, flats, roadsides, floodplains and along sandy washes below 6,000 feet elevation; useful as an ornamental with a very showy display of yellow flowers in the spring; twigs and seed pods are browsed by wildlife, seeds are eaten by birds and rodents; useful in controlling erosion)
Parkinsonia microphylla J. Torrey (Cercidium microphyllum (J. Torrey) J.N. Rose & I.M. Johnston): Dipua, Foothill Paloverde, Hillside Paloverde, Horsebean, Little Horsebean, Little Leaf Horsebean, Little Leaf Paloverde, Paloverde, Yellow Paloverde (terrestrial perennial deciduous shrub or tree (to 25 feet high); within range reported from mesas, canyons, rocky slopes, hillsides, gravelly bajadas and gravelly flats below 4,000 feet elevation; useful as an ornamental)
Prosopis velutina E.O. Wooton (Prosopis juliflora (O. Swartz) A.P. de Condolle var. velutina (E.O. Wooton) C.S. Sargent): Algarroba, Chachaca, Mesquite, Mezquite, Velvet Mesquite (terrestrial perennial deciduous shrub or tree (20 to 50 feet high); within range reported from mesas, canyons, bajadas, slopes, gravelly flats, roadsides, along washes and streams and floodplains below 6,000 feet elevation; useful as an ornamental; provides food and shelter for many species of wildlife)
Senna covesii (A. Gray) J.B. Irwin & R.C. Barneby (Cassia covesii A. Gray): Coves’ Cassia, Cove Senna, Dais, Daisillo, Desert Senna, Hojasen, Rosemaria, Rattlebox, Rattleweed (terrestrial perennial herb, subshrub or shrub (to 2 feet high); within range reported from rocky slopes, gravelly bajadas, gravelly flats, roadsides and disturbed areas 1,000 to 3,000 feet elevation; useful as an ornamental)
Fouquieriaceae: The Ocotillo Family
Fouquieria splendens G. Engelmann: Albarda, Barda, Candle Bush, Candle Wood, Coach Whip, Flamingsword, Jacob’s Staff, Monkey-tail, Ocotillo, Ocotillo del Corral, Slimwood, Vine Cactus (terrestrial perennial shrub (7 to 33 feet high); within range reported from mesas, rocky slopes, hills, bajadas, plains and gravelly flats below 6,500 feet elevation; useful as an ornamental; a preferred food plant of Costa’s Hummingbird)
Hydrophyllaceae: The Waterleaf Family
Eucrypta micrantha (J. Torrey) A.A. Heller: Dainty Desert Hideseed, Peluda, Smallflower Eucrypta, Small-flowered Eucrypta (terrestrial winter annual herb; within range reported from canyons and rocky slopes and gravelly flats below 4,300 feet elevation)
Phacelia distans G. Bentham (Phacelia distans G. Bentham var. australis A. Brand): Blue Phacelia, Caterpillar Phacelia, Distant Phacelia, Fern-leaf Phacelia, Scorpion-weed, Wild Heliotrope (terrestrial annual or perennial herb; within range reported from rocky slopes, gravelly bajadas, slopes, gravelly flats, roadsides and along washes 1,000 to 4,000 feet elevation)
Iridaceae: The Iris Family
Sisyrinchium cernuum (C. Bicknell) T.H.
Krameriaceae: The Ratany Family
Krameria erecta C.L. von Wildenow (Krameria parviflora G. Bentham): Chacate, Coashui, Littleleaf Ratany, Pima Ratany, Purple Heather, Range Ratany, Small-flower Ratany (terrestrial perennial subshrub or shrub (under 2 feet high); within range reported from mesas, rocky and gravelly slopes, gravelly bajadas, plains and gravelly flats below 5,000 feet)
Krameria grayi J.N. Rose & W.H. Painter: Chacate, Cosahui, Gray Rantany, White Ratany (terrestrial perennial subshrub or shrub (to 2 feet high); within range reported from mesas, rocky slopes, gravelly bajadas, gravelly flats and plains below 4,000 feet elevation)
Malpighiaceae: The Barbados-cherry Family
Janusia gracilis A. Gray: Desert Vine, Fermina, Slender Janusia (terrestrial perennial vine or woody climber (6 to 9 feet long); within range reported from rocky slopes, gravelly bajadas and gravelly flats; useful as an ornamental 1,000 to 5,000 feet elevation; a common food plant of the Sonoran Desert Tortoise; useful as an ornamental)
Malvaceae: The Mallow Family
Hibiscus denudatus G. Bentham: Naked Hibiscus, Paleface, Pale Face Mallow, Paleface Rosemallow, Rock Hibiscus (terrestrial perennial subshrub or shrub (to 3 feet high); within range reported from rocky slopes, hills, gravelly bajadas, gravelly flats and washes below 4,000 feet elevation; useful as an ornamental)
Sphaeralcea sp.: Globemallow
Nyctaginaceae: The Four-o’clock Family
Allionia incarnata C. Linnaeus: Guapile, Herba de la Hormiga, Pink Three-flower, Trailing Allionia, Trailing Four O’Clock, Trailing Windmills, Umbrella Wort, Windmills (terrestrial perennial herb; within range reported from rocky slopes, gravelly flats, along washes and disturbed sites below 6,000 feet elevation)
Oleaceae: The Olive Family
Menodora scabra A. Gray (Menodora scoparia G. Engelmann ex A. Gray): Rough Desert Olive, Rough Menodora, Yellow Menodora, Twinberry, Twinfruit (terrestrial perennial herb, subshrub or shrub (under 2 feet high); within range reported from mesas, rocky slopes, gravelly bajadas and gravelly flats 1,500 to 7,500 feet; useful as an ornamental)
Pedaliaceae: The Sesame Family
(Martyniaceae: The Unicorn-plant Family)
Proboscidea althaeifolia (G. Bentham) J. Decaisne (Proboscidea arenaria (G. Engelmann) J. Decaisne): Cuernitos, Desert Devil’s-claw, Desert Unicorn-plant, Devil’s Claw, Devil’s-horn, Elephant Tusks, Gato, Guernito, Red Devil’s Claw, Roundbrack Devil’s Claw, Sand Devil’s Claw, Torito, Una de Gato (terrestrial long lived annual or perennial herb; within range reported from mesas, plains, gravelly and sandy flats, roadsides and washes below 4,000 feet elevation; useful as an ornamental)
Proboscidea parviflora (E.O. Wooton) P.C. Standley subsp. parviflora: Cuernitos, Doubleclaw, Elephant Tusks, New Mexico Devil’s-claw, Small-flowered Devil’s-claw, Elephant Tusks, Small-flowered Unicorn Plant (terrestrial annual herb; within range reported from mesas, plains, gravelly flats, roadsides, washes and disturbed areas 1,000 to 5,000 feet elevation)
Poaceae (Gramineae): The Grass Family
Aristida purpurea T. Nuttall: Perennial Three-awn, Purple Needle-grass, Purple Threeawn, Tres Barbas Purpurea (terrestrial perennial herb; within range reported from rocky slopes, plains, gravelly flats, roadsides and disturbed areas below 5,000 feet elevation)
Aristida ternipes A.J. Cavanilles: Spidergrass (terrestrial perennial herb; within range reported from mesas, plateaus, rocky and gravelly slopes, hills, gravelly and sandy bajadas, gravelly flats, roadsides and disturbed areas below 6,000 feet elevation)
Bothriochloa barbinodis (M. Lagasca y Segura) W.G. Herter (Andropogon barbinodis M. Lagasca y Segura): Algodonero, Bristlejoint Bluestem, Cane Beard Grass, Cane Bluestem, Perforated Bluestem, Pinhole Beardgrass, Pinhole Bluestem, Popotillo, Zacate Popotillo (terrestrial perennial herb (2 to 4 feet tall); within range reported from rocky slopes, gravelly flats and along washes 1,000 to 6,000 feet elevation; useful as an ornamental)
Bouteloua curtipendula (A. Michaux) J. Torrey: Navajita Banderilla,
Sideoats Grama (terrestrial perennial herb (15 to 30 inches tall); within range
reported from mesas, rocky and gravelly slopes and hills 1,800 to 7,000 feet
elevation; larval food plant for the
Bouteloua repens (K.S. Kunth in Humbolt, Bonpland and Kunth) F.L. Scribner & E.D. Merrill (Bouteloua filiformis (E.P. Fournier) D. Griffiths): Navajta Rastrera, Large Mesquite Grama, Slender Grama, Zacate Sabanilla (terrestrial perennial herb (12 to 18 inches tall); within range reported from mesas, canyons, rocky and gravelly slopes, foothills, flats, roadsides and along washes below 5,000 feet elevation)
Cynodon dactylon (C. Linnaeus) C.H. Persoon: Bermudagrass, Devil Grass, European Bermuda Grass, Pata de Gallo, Zacate Bermuda, Zacate Ingles (terrestrial perennial herb; within range reported from canyons, roadsides, seeps, moist soil along washes, streambeds, cienegas and disturbed areas below 6,000 feet elevation. EXOTIC Invasive Plant; poses a significant threat to native habitat)
Dasyochloa pulchella (K.S. Kunth in Humbolt, Bonpland and Kunth) C.L. von Wildenow x P.A. Rydberg (Erioneuron pulchellum (K.S. Kunth in Humbolt, Bonpland and Kunth) T. Tateoka, Tridens pulchellus (K.S. Kunth in Humbolt, Bonpland and Kunth) A.S. Hitchcock): Desert Fluffgrass, Fluffgrass, Low Woollygrass, Zacate Borreguero (terrestrial perennial herb (3 to 6 inches tall); within range reported from mesas, rocky slopes, rocky hills, gravelly bajadas and gravelly flats below 5,500 feet elevation)
Digitaria californica (G. Bentham) J.S. Henrickson (Trichachne californica (G. Bentham) M.A. Chase): Arizona Cottontop, California Cottontop, Cotton-top, Zacate Punta Blanca (terrestrial perennial herb or subshrub (1 to 4 feet tall); within range reported from mesas, canyons, rocky slopes and gravelly flats 1,000 to 6,000 feet elevation; useful as an ornamental)
Eragrostis lehmanniana C.G. Nees von Esenbeck: Lehmann Lovegrass, Zacate Africano, Zacate de Amor (terrestrial perennial herb; within range reported from gravelly slopes, gravelly bajadas, gravelly flats, roadsides, along sandy washes and disturbed areas. EXOTIC Invasive Plant; poses a significant threat to native habitat)
Heteropogon contortus (C. Linnaeus) A.M. Palisot de Beauvois ex J.J. Roemer & J.A. Schultes: Barba Negra, Tanglehead, Tanglehead Grass, Retorcido Moreno, Zacate Colorado (terrestrial perennial herb (1 to 3 feet tall); within range reported from canyons, rocky and gravelly slopes, ravines, plains, flats, roadsides and along washes 1,000 to 5,500 feet elevation; useful as an ornamental)
Lycurus setosus (T. Nuttall) C.O. Reeder: Bristly Wolfstail (terrestrial perennial herb; within range reported from open mesas and rocky and gravelly slopes below 5,800 feet elevation)
Muhlenbergia porteri F.L. Scribner ex W.J. Beal: Bush-grass, Bush Muhly, Mesquitegrass, Zacate Aparejo (terrestrial herb or subshrub (1 to 3 feet tall); within range reported from mesas, canyons, rocky slopes, gravelly flats and along washes 2,000 to 5,500 feet elevation; useful as an ornamental)
Muhlenbergia rigens (G. Bentham) A.S. Hitchcock: Deer Grass, Deergrass (terrestrial perennial herb (2 to 5 feet tall); within range reported from plateaus, canyons, rocky slopes, meadows, flats and along washes and streambeds 2,500 to 7,000 feet elevation; useful as an ornamental)
Pappophorum vaginatum S.B. Buckley (Papophorum mucronulatum auct. non C.G. Nees von Esenbeck): Mucronulate Pappusgrass, Pappusgrass, Whiplash Pappusgrass (terrestrial perennial herb (2 to 3 feet tall); within range reported from canyons, ridge tops, plains, gravelly flats, roadsides and along washes 2,500 to 4,000 feet elevation; useful as an ornamental)
Setaria vulpiseta (J.B. de Lamarck) J.J. Roemer & J.A. Shultes (Setaria macrostachya K.S. Kunth in Humbolt, Bonpland and Kunth): Assaak, Plains Bristlegrass, Xikkaa Kiix, Zacate Tempranero, Zacate Temprano (terrestrial perennial herb (1 to 4 feet tall); within range reported from canyons, rocky slopes, plains, gravelly flats, along washes and streambeds 2,000 to 7,000 feet elevation; useful as an ornamental)
Sporobolus wrightii Munro ex F.L. Scribner (Sporobolus airoides (J. Torrey) J. Torrey var. wrightii (W. Munro ex F.L. Scribner) F.W. Gould): Alkali Sacaton, Big Sacaton, Sacaton, Sacaton Grass, Wright Sacaton, Zacaton (terrestrial perennial herb (3 to 6 feet tall); within range reported from plateaus, rocky slopes, flats, along washes, river banks, floodplains and bottomlands 2,000 to 7,500 feet elevation; useful as an ornamental)
Vulpia octoflora (T. Walter) P.A. Rydberg var. hirtella (C.V. Piper) J.T. Henrard (Festuca octoflora T. Walter var. hirtella (C.V. Piper) C.V. Piper ex A.S. Hitchcock): Eight-flowered Fescue, Fescua, Hairy Sixweeks Fescue, Sixweeks Fescue (terrestrial annual herb (3 to 18 inches tall); within range reported from rocky slopes below 6,500 feet elevation)
Polygonaceae: The Buckwheat Family
Eriogonum capillare J.K. Small: San Carlos Buckwheat, San Carlos Wild Buckwheat (terrestrial annual herb; within range reported from sandy canyon bottoms, rocky hills, hillsides, desertscrub, rocky and sandy washes, volcanic tuff and gravelly and sandy silt alluvium 1,900 to 4,200 feet elevation)
Eriogonum ericifolium J. Torrey & A. Gray var. ericifolium (Eriogonum mearnsii C.C. Parry): Heathleaf Wild Buckwheat, Yavapai Buckwheat, Yavapai County Buckwheat (terrestrial perennial herb, subshrub or shrub (2 to 6 inches high); within range reported from rocky and gravelly slopes in woodland, scrub and grassland formations 2,900 to 6,500 feet elevation)
Rhamnaceae: The Buckthorn Family
Condalia warnockii M.C. Johnston var. kearneyana M.C. Johnston: Crucillo, Guichutilla, Kearney Condalia, Kearney’s Snakewood, Mexican Crucillo, Squawbush (terrestrial perennial shrub (to 10 feet high); within range reported from mesas, rocky slopes, gravelly bajadas, gravelly flats and along washes 2,500 to 5,000 feet elevation; useful as an ornamental)
Ziziphus obtusifolia (W.J. Hooker ex J. Torrey & A. Gray) A. Gray var. canescens (A. Gray) M.C. Johnston (Condalia lycioides (A. Gray) A. Weberbauer var. canescens (A. Gray) W. Trelease): Abrojo, Bachata, Barbachatas, Clepe, Garrapata, Garumbullo, Gray-leaved Abrojo, Gray-thorn, Greythorn, Gumdrop Tree, Lotebush, Palo Blanco, Southwestern Condalia, White Crucillo (terrestrial perennial shrub or small tree (to 10 feet high); within range reported from mesas, gravelly slopes, gravelly bajadas, plains, gravelly flats, along washes and streambeds and bottomlands 1,000 to 5,000 feet elevation; useful as an ornamental)
Rubiaceae: The Madder Family
Galium proliferum A. Gray: Bedstraw, Desert Bedstraw, Great Basin Bedstraw, Limestone Bedstraw, Spreading Bedstraw (terrestrial annual herb; within range reported from canyons, rocky slopes, ledges, rocky banks, flats and along washes 2,000 to 4,000 feet elevation)
Salicaceae: The
Populus fremontii S. Watson subsp. fremontii (Populus fremontii S. Watson var. fremontii, incl. vars. macdougalii (J.N. Rose) W.L. Jepson, Populus pubescens C.S. Sargent, Populus thornberi C.S. Sargent, Populus toumeyi C.S. Sargent, and Populus arizonica C.S. Sargent): Alamo, Frémont Cottonwood, Frémont Poplar, Meseta Cottonwood, Rio Grande Cottonwood (terrestrial perennial deciduous tree (50 to 100 feet high); within range reported from wet soils along streams and washes, cienegas, bottomlands and water holes below 6,000 feet elevation; useful as an ornamental when used as a specimen plant in a large area (requires an ever increasingly large amount of water with age) and as a revegetation plant for the areas immediately adjacent to the main channel of creeks, streams and rivers; beavers cut the stems for their dams and feed on the bark)
Salix gooddingii J. Ball: Dudley Willow, Goodding Black Willow, Goodding’s Willow, Western Black Willow (terrestrial perennial deciduous tree (20 to 50 feet high); within range reported from wet soils along streams and washes, cienegas and lakeshores below 7,000 feet elevation; useful as an ornamental when used as a specimen plant in a large area (requires an ever increasingly large amount of water with age) and as a revegetation plant for the areas immediately adjacent to the main channel of creeks, streams and rivers)
Scrophulariaceae: The Figwort Family
Penstemon parryi (A. Gray) A. Gray: Parry Beardtongue, Parry’s Penstemon, Pichelitos, Varita de San Jose, Wind’s Flower (terrestrial perennial herb (to 4 feet high); within range reported from canyons, rocky slopes, gravelly flats, roadsides and streambeds 1,500 to 5,000 feet elevation; the Broad-billed Hummingbird (Cynanthus latirostris) and Costa’s Hummingbird (Calypte costae) have been observed visiting the flowers; useful as an ornamental)
Solanaceae: The Potato Family
Chamaesaracha sordida (M.F. Dunal) A. Gray (Chamaesaracha coniodes M.E. Moricand ex M.F. Dunal) N.L. Britton): Dingy Chamaesaracha, Hairy Five Eyes, Velvet Five-eyes (terrestrial perennial herb; within range reported from arid mountain slopes, dry mesas, gravelly slopes, bajadas, dry plains, desert grasslands, desertscrubs, roadsides, terraces above creeks and marshes 3,000 to 5,500 feet elevation)
Lycium berlandieri M.F. Dunal: Berlandier Lycium, Berlandier’s Wolfberry, Terrac Wolfberry (terrestrial perennial deciduous shrub (3 to 8 feet high); within range reported from rocky slopes, rocky foothills, bajadas, gravelly flats and alluvial plains 2,000 to 3,000 feet elevation; useful as an ornamental)
Tamaricaceae: The Tamarix Family
Tamarix chinensis João de Loureiro (Tamarix pentandra P. Simon von Pallas): Fivestamen Tamarisk, Salt Cedar, Tamarix (terrestrial perennial deciduous shrub or tree (6 to 20 feet high); within range reported from mountains, moist plains, stream and river banks, irrigation ditches, floodplains, moist soil and disturbed areas below 5,000 feet elevation. EXOTIC Invasive Plant; poses a significant threat to native habitat)
Tamarix ramosissima C.F. von Ledebour: Atarfe, Pino Salado, Salado, Saltcedar, Talaya, Tamarisco, Tamarisk, Tamarix, Tamariz, Taray (terrestrial perennial shrub or tree (7 to 17 feet high); within range reported from rivers, creeks, streams, rivers, irrigation ditches, marshy areas, reservoirs and tanks. EXOTIC Invasive Plant; poses a significant threat to native habitat)
Verbenaceae: The Verbena Family
Aloysia wrightii (A. Gray) A.A. Heller ex L. Abrams (Lippia wrightii A. Gray ex J. Torrey): Altamisa, Beebrush, Oreganillo, Vara Dulce, Wright Aloysia, Wright’s Beebrush, Wright Lippia (terrestrial perennial deciduous or semi-evergreen shrub (to 5 feet high); within range reported from rocky slopes and along washes 1,500 to 6,000 feet elevation; useful as an ornamental)
Viscaceae: The Christmas Mistletoe Family
(Loranthaceae: The Mistletoe Family)
Phoradendron californicum T. Nuttall (Phoradendron californicum T. Nuttall var. distans W. Trelease): American Mistletoe, Desert Mistletoe, Mesquite Mistletoe, Toji, Western Dwarf Mistletoe (terrestrial perennial subshrub or shrub; partial parasite observed growing on Catclaw Acacia and Velvet Mesquite, commonly found on Acacia spp., Condalia spp., Larrea spp., Olneya spp., Parkinsonia spp., Prosopis spp., and Ziziphus spp. below 4,000 feet elevation; Phainopeplas feed on the berries and disperse the seeds to other host plants; Verdins nest in the stems; the fragrant flowers attract insects)
Zygophyllaceae: The Creosote-bush Family
Larrea tridentata (M. Sessé y Lacasta & J.M. Mociño ex A.P. de Condolle) F.V. Coville var. tridentata (Larrea divaricata A.J. Cavanilles subsp. tridentata (M. Sessé y Lacasta & J.M. Mociño ex A.P. de Condolle) R.S. Felger & R.T. Lowe, Larrea tridentata (M. Sessé y Lacasta & J.M. Mociño ex A.P. de Condolle) F.V. Coville): Chaparral, Creosote Bush, Greasewood, Gobernadora, Guamis, Hediondilla (terrestrial perennial evergreen shrub (3 to 10 feet high); within range reported from mesas, rocky slopes, plains and gravelly flats below 5,000 feet elevation; useful as an ornamental, characteristic plant of the southwestern deserts with its distribution very closely delineating the desert regions)
LISTING OF ANIMALS
(this list includes the listing of birds prepared for the Cienega Creek Natural Preserve which is also located in portions of Township 16 South, Rang16 East; Township 17 South, Range 17 East, and Township 17 South, Range 18 East)
AMPHIBIANS
Ranidae: The Frog Family
Rana yavapaiensis (Platz and Frost): Lowland Leopard Frog, San Felipe Leopard Frog, Yavapai Leopard Frog (feeds on small invertebrates; reported from woodland, scrubland, grassland and wetland formations)
ARACHNIDS
Ideoroncidae: A Pseudoscorpion Family
Albiorix anophthalmus Muchmore & Papa: a cave obligate Pseudoscorpion (feeds on macroscopic invertebrates; reported from caves)
BIRDS
Accipitridae: The Eagle, Hawk, Kite and Allies Family
Accipiter cooperii (Bonaparte): Cooper’s Hawk, Galvilan Palomero (Hispanic), Galvilan Pollero (Hispanic) (feeds on small birds and mammals; nest is a platform of sticks located in trees)
Asturina nitida subsp. maxima A.J. van Rossem: Northern Gray Hawk, Sonora Gray Hawk (feeds on lizards and small mammals; nest is a stick platform made of leafy green twigs located in cottonwood and mesquite trees; reported from woodland and wetland formations)
Buteo jamaicensis (Gmelin): Buzzard, Buzzard Hawk, Chicken Hawk, Eastern Redtail, Gavilan Cola Roja (Hispanic), Hen Hawk, Mouse Hawk, Redtail, Red-tailed Buzzard, Red-tailed Hawk, Western Redtail (feeds on rodents and lizards; nest is a platform of sticks located on cliffs and in saguaros and trees)
Apodidae: The Swift Family
Aeronautes saxatalis (Woodhouse): White-throated Swift, Vencejo Montanes (Hispanic) (feeds on insects; nest is a bracket made of saliva cemented twigs located in caves and crevices in mountain and sea cliffs)
Ardeidae: The Bittern, Egret and Heron Family
Ardea herodias Linnaeus: Garza (Hispanic), Garza Ceniza (Hispanic), Great Blue Heron (feeds on crayfish, fish, frogs, insects, mice, mollusks and spiders; nest is a platform made up of sticks located on cliffs, islets, rocky islands, swamps and trees)
Butorides virescens (Linnaeus) (Butorides striatus): Garza Espalda Verde (Hispanic), Green-backed Heron, Green Heron, Little Heron, Striated Heron (feeds on crayfish, fish, frogs, insects, mice, mollusks and spiders; nest is a flimsy platform made up of sticks located in grass clumps, shrubs, thickets and trees)
Cardinalidae: The Bunting, Cardinal and Grosbeak Family
Cardinalis cardinalis (Linneaus) (Richmondena cardinalis (Linneaus)): Cardenal (Hispanic), Cardenal Rojo (Hispanic), Northern Cardinal, Sipuk (Tohono O’odham) (feeds on small fruit, insects and seeds; nests are loose cups of shredded bark and twigs located in a low shrubs or thickets)
Cardinalis sinuatus (Bonaparte) (Pyrrhuloxia sinuata (Bonaparte)): Bichpod (Tohono O’odham), Cardenal Gris, Cardinal Torito (Hispanic), Pyrrhuloxia (feeds on small fruit, insects and seeds nests are neat cups located in thorny bushes)
Passerina caerulea (Linnaeus) (Guiraca caerulea (Linnaeus)): Blue Grosbeak, Pico Gordo Azul (Hispanic) (feeds on small fruit, insects and seeds; nests are loose cups made of grasses, rootlets and snakeskin located in a bushes or low trees)
Passerina cyanea (Linneaus): Indigo Bunting (feeds on berries, buds, fruits, insects and seeds; nests are woven cups made of grass and weeds located in the crotch of bushes)
Passerina versicolor (Bonaparte): Varied Bunting (feeds on insects and seeds; nests are cups made of grass located in shrubs)
Cathartidae: The
Cathartes aura (Linnaeus): Nuwi (Tohono O’odham), Turkey Vulture, Zopilote (Hispanic) (feeds on carrion; no nests, eggs are laid in crevices in rocks, on the ground in thickets and tree hollow)
Charadriidae: The Lapwing and Plover Family
Charadrius vociferus Linnaeus: Chiwi-Chuhch (Tohono O’odham), Killdeer, Tildio (Hispanic) (feeds on marine invertebrate and worms; eggs are laid in a scrape on bare ground in fields, pastures and shores)
Columbidae: The Dove and Pigeon Family
Columbina inca (Lesson) (Scardafella
inca (Lesson)): Gugu (Tohono O’odham), Inca
Dove,
Zenaida asiatica (Linnaeus): Mexican Dove, Okokoi (Tohono O’odham),
Paloma ala Blancha (Hispanic), Paloma de alas
Zenaida macroura (Linnaeus) (Zenaidura macroura (Linnaeus)): Hohhi (Tohono O’odham), Huilota (Hispanic), Paloma Triste (Hispanic), Mourning Dove, Turtle Dove, Wild Dove (feeds on fruit, insects and seeds; nests are loose twig platforms located in cacti, shrubs trees and on the ground)
Corvidae: The Crow, Jay, Magpie and Raven Family