December
11, 2005 Update
TOWNSHIP
12 SOUTH, RANGE 17 EAST, PIMA COUNTY, ARIZONA
Gila
and Salt River Baseline and Meridian
Major Contributors and Sources of
Information: William T. Kendall.
Species Distribution Lists are being developed to encourage and promote the conservation of local native animals and plants. They are developed for legally defined geographic areas, and larger bodies of water. They are provided to environmental consultants, property owners, and government agencies interested in promoting conservation. Listings include species reported as having been observed in or reported from the described area.
Due to continuing additions and corrections the listings should be considered a work in progress. Species once reported as having occurred within the described area, but that no longer occurs there are shown are having been EXTIRPATED. This list includes species that are not native to Arizona (EXOTIC). Exotic plants are not recommended for use in landscaping or restoration projects. Disjunct species, outliers and plants on the edge of the main population, as observed by the surveyor, are noted as being PERIPHERAL PLANT(S). Landscaped plants are not included in the listings unless they have become naturalized in the surrounding native environment.
Local native vegetation is recommended for use in landscaping and restoration projects. To determine what could be considered as local native vegetation look at both the project township and the eight contiguous townships for plants of similar habitat and elevation. Plants should be planted in their approximate original habitat and density. Use of native plants encourages native animals to remain in the area and helps to retain the areas natural beauty, unique identity and heritage.
Appreciation is expressed to the
officers and staff of the Arizona Department of Agriculture, the Arizona Game
and Fish Department,
Species Distribution Lists are
periodically updated and revised. These listings have been created and
maintained by William T. Kendall. Comments, the reporting of corrections, the
reporting of unrecorded species in townships and the reporting of information
relating to the historical distribution of species would be greatly
appreciated, and may be sent by mail to: Kendall Environmental Surveys,
DISCLAIMER: The information presented as township notes has been obtained from large scale mapping and should be used only as a general guide. Information used in these lists is accepted from biologists and individuals interested in helping to promote the conservation of our natural resources. Mistakes are made in the identification of species and in the recording of information, and changes in nomenclature occur. For these reasons I can not and do not warrant the accuracy of these listings.
CAUTION: Many native desert plants have sharp thorns and spines. Care should be given when handling them and consideration should be given to public safety at sites where they are to be planted.
This photograph was
taken looking northwest,
The following are a few of the plants reported from this township that might be useful in landscaping and restoration projects. Trees and Large Shrubs: Saguaro (Carnegiea gigantea), Emory Oak (Quercus emoryi), Velvet Mesquite (Prosopis velutina), Ocotillo (Fouquieria splendens), Catclaw Acacia (Acacia greggii var. greggii), Redberry Juniper (Juniperus coahuilensis), Fishhook Barrel Cactus (Ferocactus wislizeni), Kearney Condalia (Condalia warnockii var. kearneyana), Greythorn (Ziziphus obtusifolia var. canescens), Cane Cholla (Opuntia spinosior), Desert Honeysuckled (Anisacanthus thurberi) and Common Sotol (Dasylirion wheeleri). Shrubs and Large Grasses: Bear Grass (Nolina microcarpa), Arizona Yucca (Yucca baccata var. brevifolia), Golden-flowered Agave (Agave chrysantha), Turpentine Bush (Ericameria laricifolia), Desert Pricklypear Cactus (Opuntia engelmannii var. engelmannii), Sideoats Grama (Bouteloua curtipendula) and Fairy Duster (Calliandra eriophylla var. eriophylla). Subshrubs, Herbs and Small Succulents: Bundle Hedgehog Cactus (Echinocereus fendleri var. fasciculatus), Bonker Hedgehog Cactus (Echinocereus fendleri var. bonkerae) and Desert Fluffgrass (Dasyochloa pulchella).
Township Notes
Location: This township is
located in northeastern
Landmarks: This township is
located on the eastern slopes of the
Elevation: Elevations range from
approximately 3,250 feet in
Soil: Soils are described as thermic (hot) arid and semiarid soils (soils with mean annual temperatures of 59 degrees to 72 degrees Fahrenheit (15 degrees to 22 degrees Centigrade) and 10 to 16 inches (25 to 41 cm) mean annual precipitation) of the Rock Outcrop-Lampshire-Cellar Association (rock outcrop and very shallow and shallow semiarid soils of the mountains and foothills) and mesic (cool) subhumid soils (soils with mean annual soil temperatures of 47 degrees to 59 degrees Fahrenheit (8 degrees to 15 degrees Centigrade) and more than 16 inches (41 cm) mean annual precipitation) of the Rock Outcrop-Barkerville-Faraway Association (rock outcrop and very shallow and shallow subhumid soils of the mountains) (3).
Biotic Community: Portions of this township are located within the Scrub-Grassland (Semidesert Grassland) Regional Formation of the Grassland Formation and Madrean Evergreen Woodland Regional Formation of the Woodland Formation with associated wetlands (4).
Maps created with TOPO! R C 2002 National Geographic
Map of Township Showing Adjacent Sections
The
The ARIZONA NATIVE PLANT SOCIETY
is a statewide nonprofit organization devoted to
Contact:
The DESERT SURVIVORS NATIVE PLANT
NURSERY
http://www.desertsurvivors.org/nursery.asp
The DESERT SURVIVORS NATIVE PLANT NURSERY
sells many local native plants and is willing to consider growing any native
plant for which there is a buyer.
Contact: Desert Survivors Native Plant
Nursery, 1020 West Starr Pass Boulevard, Tucson, Arizona 85713, 520-791-9309.
The
The TUCSON CACTUS AND SUCCULENT SOCIETY is a non-profit organization dedicated to educating, teaching and learning about cacti and succulent plants. Their monthly programs feature knowledgeable individuals who can educate you and help you understand more about these fascinating plants. They conduct and sponsor native cactus and succulent rescue operations, plant sales, field trips, nursery and garden visits, conventions and conferences as well as other activities throughout the year.
NATIVE PLANT RESCUE NOTICE
(The Tucson Cactus and Succulent Society puts
a tremendous amount of time and effort
into the
organizing and overseeing of their rescue
events. The native plant rescues carried out by the dedicated
members of the Society provide an immeasurable service to our community.)
The TUCSON CACTUS AND SUCCULENT
SOCIETY organizes native plant rescues in areas being cleared for development.
If interested in rescuing plants and/or obtaining local native plants for your
landscaping or restoration project join the Society and become a rescue crew
member.
Contact: Tucson Cactus and
Succulent Society, PO Box 64759, Tucson, Arizona 85728-4759, 520-885-6367.
LISTING
OF PLANTS
STRICTLY ENFORCED LAWS PROTECT MANY
OF ARIZONA’S NATIVE PLANTS FROM
COLLECTION, MUTILATION AND
DESTRUCTION
Acanthaceae: The Acanthus Family
Anisacanthus thurberi (J. Torrey) A. Gray (5): Anisacanthus, Chuparosa, Colegayo, Desert Honeysuckle, Thurber Anisacanthus, Thurber’s Desert-honeysuckle (terrestrial perennial shrub (to 8 feet high) (6); within range reported from canyon bottoms and along washes and streambeds 2,500 to 5,500 feet elevation; this plant is browsed by wildlife; the flowers are pollinated by hummingbirds, the Costa’s Hummingbird (Calypte costae) and Rufous Hummingbird (Selasphorus rufus) have been observed visiting the flowers; useful as an ornamental)
Agavaceae: The Century-plant Family
Agave chrysantha R.H. Peebles: Agave, Apache Trail Agave, Golden-flowered Agave, Goldenflower Century Plant (terrestrial perennial evergreen succulent herb, subshrub or shrub (under 3 feet high with a flowering stem reaching to 23 feet in height); within range reported from canyons, rocky slopes, ridges, bajadas and outcrops 3,000 to 7,000 feet elevation; useful as an ornamental)
Dasylirion wheeleri S. Watson: Cactus Spoon, Common Sotol, Desert Spoon, Sotol, Spoon Flower, Spoon Plant, Wheeler Dasylirion, Wheeler Sotol (terrestrial perennial evergreen subshrub or shrub (under 8 feet high with a flowering spike reaching to 15 feet in height); within range reported from mesas, canyons, rocky slopes, ridges, bajadas and rocky and gravelly hillsides 4,000 to 6,000 feet elevation; useful as an ornamental; browsed by bighorn sheep)
Nolina microcarpa S. Watson: Bear Grass, Palmilla, Sacahuista, Small-seed Nolina, Sotol Chiquito (terrestrial perennial evergreen subshrub or shrub (under 7 feet high with a flowering spike reaching to 8 feet in height); within range reported from mesas, canyons, rock outcrops, hills, sandy and gravelly slopes, bajadas, plains, flats and valleys 3,000 to 6,500 feet elevation; useful as an ornamental)
Yucca baccata J. Torrey var. brevifolia (H.W. Schott ex J. Torrey) L. Benson & R.A. Darrow (Yucca arizonica S.A. McKelvey, Yucca thornberi S.A. McKelvey): Arizona Yucca, Banana Yucca, Datil, Palma Criolla, Spanish Dagger, Thornber Yucca (terrestrial perennial evergreen herb, subshrub or shrub (under 7 feet high with a flowering stalk reaching to 5 feet in height); within range reported from mesas, canyons, slopes, hills, bajadas, plains, gravelly flats, valleys and along washes and arroyos 3,000 to 5,000 feet elevation; useful as an ornamental)
Amaranthaceae: The Amaranth Family
Amaranthus palmeri S. Watson: Bledo, Carelessweed, Palmer Amaranth, Palmer Pigweed, Pigweed, Red-root Pigweed, Quelite, Quiltite de las Aguas (terrestrial annual herb; within range reported from rocky slopes, roadsides, along washes, floodplains and disturbed areas below 5,500 feet elevation)
Anacardiaceae: The Sumac Family
Rhus trilobata T. Nuttall: Agrito, Chascarillo, Ill-scented Sumac, Lantrisco, Lemita, Lemonade Berry, Lemonade Sumac, Lentisco, Limonita, Skunk-bush, Skunkbush Sumac, Squaw-bush, Threeleaf Sumac (terrestrial perennial deciduous shrub (to 10 feet high); within range reported from mesas, canyons and slopes 2,500 to 7,500 feet elevation; useful as an ornamental)
Toxicodendron rydbergii (J.K. Small ex P.A. Rydberg) E.L. Greene (Rhus radicans C. Linnaeus (var. rydbergii (J.K. Small) A. Rehder is the variety reported from Arizona), Toxicodendron radicans C.E. Kuntze): Hiedra, Mala, Poison Ivy, Poison-oak, Western Poison Ivy (terrestrial perennial deciduous shrub (to 2 feet high, vine may reach a height of over 30 feet with trunk diameters of up to 12 inches); within range reported from mountains, canyons, slopes, ravines, stream banks, streambeds, bottomlands and disturbed areas 3,000 to 8,000 feet elevation; provides beautiful fall colors with the leaves turning yellow, orange and red; the plant’s oils cause painful swelling and skin eruptions, the milky juice is poisonous when taken internally; an applicable saying: “leaflets of three, let it be”; FIREFIGHTERS should exercise caution when working fires in areas where Poison Ivy is known to occur because the plant may not be recognizable and the smoke from the burning plant may carry with it a toxic substance (urushiol) that can cause serious rashes inside of the nose, throat and lungs)
Asteraceae: The Aster Family
(Compositae: The Sunflower Family)
Baccharis salicifolia (H. Ruiz Lopez & J.A. Pavon) C.H. Persoon (Baccharis glutinosa C.H. Persoon): Azumiate, Bachomo, Baldag Shi, Batamote, Broom Baccharis, Chamiso, Chamiso del Rio, Chilca, Cucamoarisha, Cuerepillo, Dsea Miis Ro, Dsea Miis Tee, False Willow, Gila Willow, Groundsel Tree, Guamate, Guatamote, Guatarote, Hierba del Pasmo, Huamate, Jara, Jara Amarilla, Jara Mexicana, Jaral, Jarilla, Mule’s Fat, Rosin Brush, Seep Willow, Seepwillow Baccharis, Sticky Baccharis, Togzten, Tu Ta’ Vi, Water Motie, Water Wally, Water Willow (terrestrial perennial shrub (to 12 feet high); within range reported from along washes, streams, rivers and disturbed areas below 5,500 feet elevation; useful as an ornamental)
Baccharis sarothroides A. Gray: Amargo, Broom Baccharis, Desert Broom, Desertbroom, Escoba, Hierba del Pasmo, Mexican Broom, Romerillo, Rosin Brush (terrestrial perennial shrub (to 10 feet high); within range reported from hills, flats, roadsides, along washes and streambeds, floodplains, bottom lands and disturbed areas 1,000 to 5,500 feet elevation; useful as an ornamental, consider planting male plants only to eliminate seed production)
Cirsium neomexicanum A. Gray: Desert Thistle, New Mexico Thistle, Mexican Thistle (terrestrial biennial or perennial herb; within range reported from mesas, rocky slopes, foothills, bajadas, plains, roadsides and disturbed areas 1,000 to 6,500 feet elevation)
Ericameria laricifolia (A. Gray) L.H. Shinners (Haplopappus (Aplopappus) laricifolius A. Gray): Larch-leaf Goldenweed, Turpentine Bush, Turpentine Brush (terrestrial perennial subshrub or shrub (to 3 feet high); within range reported from canyons, mesas, rocky slopes and flats 3,000 to 6,000 feet elevation; useful as an ornamental)
Cactaceae: The Cactus Family
Carnegiea gigantea (G. Engelmann) N.L. Britton & J.N. Rose (Cereus giganteus G. Engelmann): Giant Cactus, Saguaro, Sahuaro (terrestrial perennial succulent tree (to 50 feet high or more); within range reported from canyon walls, rocky and gravelly slopes, ridges and foothills, rocky hill sides, bajadas, plains, gravelly flats, valleys and along washes and arroyos below 5,100 feet elevation; the Broad-billed Hummingbird (Cynanthus latirostris), Costa’s Hummingbird (Calypte costae), Rufous Hummingbird (Selasphorus rufus) and Broad-tailed Hummingbird (Selasphorus platycercus) have been observed visiting the flowers, white-wing doves as well as other birds and animals feed on the saguaro seeds during fruiting season; Gila Woodpeckers and Gilded Flickers make holes in this plant for their nests which are later utilized by Elf Owls; useful as an ornamental)
Echinocereus fendleri (G. Engelmann) F. Seitz var. bonkerae (J.J. Thornber & F. Bonker) L. Benson (Echinocereus boyce-thompsonii C.R. Orcutt var. bonkerae R.H. Peebles, Echinocereus fasciculatus (G. Engelmann ex B.D. Jackson) L. Benson var. bonkerae (J.J. Thornber & F. Bonker) L. Benson, Echinocereus fendleri (G. Engelmann) K.T. Rümpler var. bonkerae (J.J. Thornber & F. Bonker) L. Benson): Bonker Hedgehog Cactus, Pinkflower Hedgehog Cactus (terrestrial perennial succulent subshrub or shrub (under 1 foot high); within range reported from canyon walls, hilltops, bajadas, slopes and flats 2,000 to 5,000 feet elevation; useful as an ornamental)
Echinocereus fendleri (G. Engelmann) F. Seitz var. fasciculatus (G. Engelmann ex B.D. Jackson) N.P. Taylor (Echinocereus fasciculatus (G. Engelmann ex B.D. Jackson) L. Benson, Echinocereus fendleri (G. Engelmann) K.T. Rümpler var. robustus (R.H. Peebles) L. Benson, Mammillaria fasciculata G. Engelmann ex B.D. Jackson): Bundle Hedgehog Cactus, Pinkflower Hedgehog Cactus, Robust Hedgehog Cactus (terrestrial perennial succulent subshrub or shrub (under 2 feet high); within range reported from rocky slopes, hills, bajadas, gravelly flats, valleys and along washes 2,000 to 3,000 feet elevation; useful as an ornamental)
Ferocactus wislizeni (G. Engelmann) N.L. Britton & J.N. Rose: Arizona Barrel Cactus, Barrel Cactus, Bisnaga, Biznaga, Biznaga de Agua, Biznagre, Candy Barrelcactus, Compass Barrel, Compass Plant, Fishhook Barrel Cactus, Southwest Barrel Cactus, Southwestern Barrel Cactus, Visnaga, Wislizenus Barrel, Yellow-spined Barrel Cactus (terrestrial perennial succulent subshrub, shrub or tree (to 11 feet high); within range reported from canyon walls, rocky slopes, hills, bajadas, plains, gravelly flats and along washes and arroyos below 4,500 feet elevation; useful as an ornamental)
Opuntia engelmannii J.F. Salm-Reifferscheid-Dyck var. engelmannii (Opuntia phaeacantha G. Engelmann var. discata (D. Griffiths) L. Benson & D.L. Walkington): Abrojo, Cactus Apple, Desert Pricklypear Cactus, Engelmann Pricklypear, Flaming Pricklypear, Joconostle, Nopal, Prickly Pear, Vela de Coyote (terrestrial perennial succulent subshrub or shrub (to 4 feet high); within range reported from canyon bottoms, rocky slopes, ridges, bajadas, slopes, benches, rocky and gravelly flats, valleys, and along washes, gullies and arroyos 1,000 to 6,500 feet elevation; useful as an ornamental; provides cover for many desert animals)
Opuntia spinosior (G. Engelmann) J.W. Toumey: Cane Cholla, Cardenche, Handgrip Cholla, Spiny Cholla, Tasajo, Walkingstick Cactus, Walking Stick Cholla (terrestrial perennial succulent subshrub, shrub or tree (to 10 feet high); within range reported from mountainsides, canyons, hills, bajadas, gravelly flats, valleys, along washes and arroyos and floodplains 1,000 to 5,000+ feet elevation; useful as an ornamental)
Convolvulaceae: The Morning-glory Family
Ipomoea sp.: Morning-glory
Cupressaceae: The
Juniperus coahuilensis (Martinez) H.M. Gaussen ex R.P. Adams: Coahuila Juniper, Redberry Juniper (terrestrial perennial evergreen tree (to16 feet high; within range reported from mountains, canyons, cliffs, foothills, rocky hillsides, slopes woodlands, rocky outcrops, among boulders, scrubs, grasslands, desertscrubs, along washes and streambeds and riparian areas 1,800 to 6,200 feet elevation; useful as an ornamental)
Fabaceae (Leguminosae): The Pea Family
Acacia greggii A. Gray var. greggii (Acacia greggii A. Gray, Acacia greggii A. Gray var. arizonica P.T. Isley): Algarroba, Catclaw, Catclaw Acacia, Devil’s Claw, Gatuno, Gregg Catclaw, Tear Blanket, Tepame, Tesota, Una de Gato (terrestrial perennial deciduous shrub or tree (to 23 feet high); within range reported from canyons, rocky slopes, among boulders, floodplains and along sandy washes and streams below 4,500 feet elevation: useful as an ornamental)
Calliandra eriophylla G. Bentham var. eriophylla: Cabelleto de Angel, Cabeza Angel, Fairyduster, False Mesquite, False Mesquite Calliandra, Guajillo, Hairy-leaved Calliandra, Huajillo, Mesquitilla (terrestrial perennial deciduous subshrub or shrub (to 3 feet high); within range reported from mesas, canyons, rocky slopes, gravelly bajadas, gravelly flats and along washes below 5,000 feet elevation; browsed by wildlife, highly palatable to deer; useful as an ornamental)
Dalea greggii A. Gray: Gregg Dalea, Gregg’s Prairie Clover, Trailing Indigo Bush, Trailing Smoke Bush (terrestrial perennial subshrub or shrub (under 2 feet high); within range reported from canyons, rocky slopes and hills 2,500 to 5,000 feet elevation; useful as an ornamental)
Mimosa aculeaticarpa C.G. de Ortega var. biuncifera (G. Bentham) R.C. Barneby (Mimosa biuncifera G. Bentham): Cat Claw, Catclaw Mimosa, Garruno, Gatuno, Una de Gato, Wait-a-bit,
Wait-a-minute, Wait-a-Minute Bush (terrestrial
perennial shrub or small tree (to 8 feet high); within range reported from
mesas, canyons, rocky slopes, hillsides, gravelly flats and along washes 3,000
to 6,000 feet elevation; useful as an ornamental; provides cover for wildlife
and forage for Whitetail Deer; reportedly useful in controlling erosion)
Prosopis velutina E.O. Wooton (Prosopis juliflora (O. Swartz) A.P. de Condolle var. velutina (E.O. Wooton) C.S. Sargent): Algarroba, Chachaca, Mesquite, Mezquite, Velvet Mesquite (terrestrial perennial deciduous shrub or tree (20 to 50 feet high); within range reported from mesas, canyons, bajadas, slopes, gravelly flats, roadsides, along washes and streams and floodplains below 6,000 feet elevation; provides food and shelter for many species of wildlife; useful as an ornamental)
Fagaceae: The Beech Family
Quercus emoryi J. Torrey: Blackjack Oak, Black Oak, Bellota, Emory Oak (terrestrial perennial evergreen shrub or tree (to 50 feet high); within range reported from mountains, canyons and canyon bottoms, ridges, slopes, woodlands and foothills 3,000 to 8,000 feet elevation; useful as an ornamental; the acorns “bellotas” are eaten by wildlife and the leaves are browsed by deer)
Fouquieriaceae: The Ocotillo Family
Fouquieria splendens G. Engelmann: Albarda, Barda, Candle Bush, Candle Wood, Coach Whip, Flamingsword, Jacob’s Staff, Monkey-tail, Ocotillo, Ocotillo del Corral, Slimwood, Vine Cactus (terrestrial perennial shrub (7 to 33 feet high); within range reported from mesas, rocky slopes, hills, bajadas, plains and gravelly flats below 6,500 feet elevation; the Broad-billed Hummingbird (Cynanthus latirostris), Costa’s Hummingbird (Calypte costae) and Rufous Hummingbird (Selasphorus rufus) have been observed visiting the flowers and is a preferred food plant of Costa’s Hummingbird; useful as an ornamental)
Juglandaceae: The Walnut Family
Juglans major (J. Torrey) A.A. Heller: Arizona Black Walnut, Arizona Walnut, Nogal, Nogal Cimarron, Nogal Encarcelado, Nogal Silvestre (terrestrial perennial deciduous tree (30 to 50 feet high); within range reported from canyons, creeks, streams and rivers 3,500 to 7,000 feet elevation, 1,930 and 2,050 feet elevation at remnant sites in Marana; useful as an ornamental when used as a specimen plant in a large area (requires an ever increasingly large amount of water with age) and as a revegetation plant for the areas immediately adjacent to the main channel of creeks, streams and rivers)
Krameriaceae: The Ratany Family
Krameria sp.: Ratany
Platanaceae: The Planetree Family
Platanus wrightii S. Watson (Platanus racemosa T. Nuttall var. wrightii (S. Watson) L. Benson): Arizona Planetree, Arizona Sycamore, Buttonwood, Plane Tree (terrestrial perennial deciduous tree (40 to 80 feet); within range reported from rocky canyons and along creeks and streams 2,000 to 6,000 feet elevation; useful as an ornamental when used as a specimen plant in a large area (requires an ever increasingly large amount of water with age) and as a revegetation plant for the areas immediately adjacent to the main channel of creeks, streams and rivers; valuable in preventing erosion along stream banks)
Poaceae (Gramineae): The Grass Family
Aristida ternipes A.J. Cavanilles: Spidergrass (terrestrial perennial herb; within range reported from mesas, plateaus, rocky and gravelly slopes, hills, gravelly and sandy bajadas, gravelly flats, roadsides and disturbed areas below 6,000 feet elevation)
Bothriochloa barbinodis (M. Lagasca y Segura) W.G. Herter (Andropogon barbinodis M. Lagasca y Segura): Algodonero, Bristlejoint Bluestem, Cane Beard Grass, Cane Bluestem, Perforated Bluestem, Pinhole Beardgrass, Pinhole Bluestem, Popotillo, Zacate Popotillo (terrestrial perennial herb (2 to 4 feet tall); within range reported from rocky slopes, gravelly flats and along washes 1,000 to 6,000 feet elevation; useful as an ornamental)
Bouteloua curtipendula (A. Michaux) J. Torrey: Navajita Banderilla,
Sideoats Grama (terrestrial perennial herb (15 to 30 inches tall); within range
reported from mesas, rocky and gravelly slopes and hills 1,800 to 7,000 feet
elevation; larval food plant for the
Bouteloua hirsuta M. Lagasca y Segura: Hairy Grama (terrestrial perennial grass (1 to 2 feet tall); within range reported from sandy mesas, rocky and gravelly slopes and rocky hills 1,000 to 6,500 feet elevation)
Bromus rubens C. Linnaeus: Bromo, Bromo Rojo, Foxtail Brome, Foxtail Chess, Red Brome (terrestrial winter annual herb; within range reported from rocky slopes, gravelly flats, roadsides, waste places and disturbed areas 1,300 to 5,500 feet elevation. EXOTIC Invasive Plant; poses a significant threat to native habitat)
Chloris virgata O. Swartz: Cola de Zorra, Feather Fingergrass, Showy Chloris, Zacate Lagunero (terrestrial summer annual herb (6 to 24 inches tall); within range reported from rocky slopes, gravelly flats, roadsides, washes, damp soil of streambeds, ditches, swales, waste places and disturbed land below 5,500 feet elevation)
Cynodon dactylon (C. Linnaeus) C.H. Persoon: Bermudagrass, Devil Grass, European Bermuda Grass, Pata de Gallo, Zacate Bermuda, Zacate Ingles (terrestrial perennial herb; within range reported from canyons, roadsides, seeps, moist soil along washes, streambeds, cienegas and disturbed areas below 6,000 feet elevation. EXOTIC Invasive Plant; poses a significant threat to native habitat)
Dasyochloa pulchella (K.S. Kunth in Humbolt, Bonpland and Kunth) C.L. von Wildenow x P.A. Rydberg (Erioneuron pulchellum (K.S. Kunth in Humbolt, Bonpland and Kunth) T. Tateoka, Tridens pulchellus (K.S. Kunth in Humbolt, Bonpland and Kunth) A.S. Hitchcock): Desert Fluffgrass, Fluffgrass, Low Woollygrass, Zacate Borreguero (terrestrial perennial herb (3 to 6 inches tall); within range reported from mesas, rocky slopes, rocky hills, gravelly bajadas and gravelly flats below 5,500 feet elevation)
Eragrostis lehmanniana C.G. Nees von Esenbeck: Lehmann Lovegrass, Zacate Africano, Zacate de Amor (terrestrial perennial herb; within range reported from gravelly slopes, gravelly bajadas, gravelly flats, roadsides, along sandy washes and disturbed areas. EXOTIC Invasive Plant; poses a significant threat to native habitat)
Leptochloa dubia (K.S. Kunth in Humbolt, Bonpland and Kunth) C.G. Nees von Esenbeck: Green Sprangletop, Texas Crowfoot (terrestrial perennial herb (2 to 3 feet tall); within range reported from plateaus, canyons, rocky and gravelly slopes, hills and along washes 3,000 to 5,000 feet elevation)
Muhlenbergia rigens (G. Bentham) A.S. Hitchcock: Deer Grass, Deergrass (terrestrial perennial herb (2 to 5 feet tall); within range reported from plateaus, canyons, rocky slopes, meadows, flats and along washes and streambeds 2,500 to 7,000 feet elevation; useful as an ornamental)
Rhamnaceae: The Buckthorn Family
Condalia warnockii M.C. Johnston var. kearneyana M.C. Johnston: Crucillo, Guichutilla, Kearney Condalia, Kearney’s Snakewood, Mexican Crucillo, Squawbush (terrestrial perennial shrub (to 10 feet high); within range reported from mesas, rocky slopes, gravelly bajadas, gravelly flats and along washes 2,500 to 5,000 feet elevation; useful as an ornamental)
Ziziphus obtusifolia (W.J. Hooker ex J. Torrey & A. Gray) A. Gray var. canescens (A. Gray) M.C. Johnston (Condalia lycioides (A. Gray) A. Weberbauer var. canescens (A. Gray) W. Trelease): Abrojo, Bachata, Barbachatas, Clepe, Garrapata, Garumbullo, Gray-leaved Abrojo, Gray-thorn, Greythorn, Gumdrop Tree, Lotebush, Palo Blanco, Southwestern Condalia, White Crucillo (terrestrial perennial shrub or small tree (to 10 feet high); within range reported from mesas, gravelly slopes, gravelly bajadas, plains, gravelly flats, along washes and streambeds and bottomlands 1,000 to 5,000 feet elevation; useful as an ornamental)
Salicaceae: The
Populus fremontii S. Watson subsp. fremontii (Populus fremontii S. Watson var. fremontii, incl. vars. macdougalii (J.N. Rose) W.L. Jepson, Populus pubescens C.S. Sargent, Populus thornberi C.S. Sargent, Populus toumeyi C.S. Sargent, and Populus arizonica C.S. Sargent): Alamo, Frémont Cottonwood, Frémont Poplar, Meseta Cottonwood, Rio Grande Cottonwood (terrestrial perennial deciduous tree (50 to 100 feet high); within range reported from wet soils along streams and washes, cienegas, bottomlands and water holes below 6,000 feet elevation; useful as an ornamental when used as a specimen plant in a large area (requires an ever increasingly large amount of water with age) and as a revegetation plant for the areas immediately adjacent to the main channel of creeks, streams and rivers; beavers cut the stems for their dams and feed on the bark)
Salix gooddingii J. Ball: Dudley Willow, Goodding Black Willow, Goodding’s Willow, Western Black Willow (terrestrial perennial deciduous tree (20 to 50 feet high); within range reported from wet soils along streams and washes, cienegas and lakeshores below 7,000 feet elevation; useful as an ornamental when used as a specimen plant in a large area (requires an ever increasingly large amount of water with age) and as a revegetation plant for the areas immediately adjacent to the main channel of creeks, streams and rivers)
Sapindaceae: The Soapberry Family
Sapindus saponaria C. Linnaeus var. drummondii (W.J. Hooker & G.W. Arnott) L. Benson (Sapindus drummondii W.J. Hooker & G.W. Arnott): Amole, Amolio, Arbolillo, Cherioni, Guayul, Jaboncillo, Matamuchacho, Ojo de Loro, Palo Blanco, Soapberry, Tehuistle, Tzatzupa, Western Soapberry, Wild Chinaberry, Wild China-tree, Wing-leaf Soapberry (terrestrial perennial deciduous shrub or tree (to 25 feet high); within range reported from canyons, moist soil along streams and washes and floodplains 2,500 to 5,000 feet elevation; useful as an ornamental; seeds and leaves are poisonous)
Ulmaceae: The Elm Family
Celtis laevigata C.L. von Wildenow var. reticulata (J. Torrey) L. Benson (Celtis reticulata (J. Torrey) L. Benson): Canyon Hackberry, False Elm, Netleaf Hackberry, Palo Blanco, Sugarberry, Western Hackberry (terrestrial perennial deciduous shrub or tree (to 30 feet high); within range reported from moist soils of canyons, hillsides, flats, fencerows and along washes and streams 1,500 to 3,500 feet elevation; the fruit is eaten by wildlife; useful as an ornamental)
Viscaceae: The Christmas Mistletoe Family
(Loranthaceae: The Mistletoe Family)
Phoradendron sp. Mistletoe (observed growing on Black Walnut)
Phoradendron californicum T. Nuttall (Phoradendron californicum T. Nuttall var. distans W. Trelease): American Mistletoe, Desert Mistletoe, Mesquite Mistletoe, Toji, Western Dwarf Mistletoe (terrestrial perennial subshrub or shrub (to 2 feet in diameter); partial parasite observed growing Catclaw Acacia and Velvet Mesquite, commonly found on Acacia spp., Condalia spp., Larrea spp., Olneya spp., Parkinsonia spp., Prosopis spp., and Ziziphus spp. below 4,000 feet elevation; Phainopeplas feed on the berries and disperse the seeds to other host plants; Verdins nest in the stems; the fragrant flowers attract insects)
Vitaceae: The Grape Family
Vitis arizonica G. Engelmann: Arizona Grape, Canyon Grape, Parra Cimarrona, Parra del Monte, Vid (terrestrial perennial deciduous vine or woody climber; within range reported from canyons and along creeks, streams and watercourses 2,000 to 7,500 feet elevation)
LISTING OF ANIMALS
AMPHIBIANS
Ranidae: The Frog Family
Rana yavapaiensis (Platz and Frost): Lowland Leopard Frog, San Felipe Leopard Frog, Yavapai Leopard Frog (feeds on small invertebrates; reported from woodland, scrubland, grassland and wetland formations)
BIRDS
Corvidae: The Crow, Jay, Magpie and Raven Family
Corvus corax Linnaeus: American Raven, Common Raven, Hawani (Tohono O’odham), Cuervo Comun (Hispanic), Cuervo Grande (Hispanic) (feeds on small animals and birds, berries, carrion, insects and seeds; nests are made of bones, sticks and wool located on cliffs, saguaros and trees)
Strigidae: The Typical Owl Family
Strix occidentalis Xantus de Vesey subsp. lucida Nelson: Buho Manchado (Spanish), Mexican Spotted Owl, Spotted Owl, Tecolote Manchado Mexicano (Hispanic), Tecolote Moteado (Spanish) (feeds on small birds, insects, small mammals and reptiles; nests are located in canyon-wall caves and cavities, cliff caverns and ledges, rock hollows, tree cavities and abandoned hawk nests)
Tyrannidae: The Tyrant Flycatcher Family
Camptostoma imberbe (Sclater): Beardless Flycatcher, Beardless-tyrannulet, Northern Beardless Flycatcher, Northern Beardless-tyrannulet (feeds on insects; nests are domed or globular with a side entrance located in matted trees, tree tangles and clumps of mistletoe)
INSECTS
Order Hymenoptera: Ants, Bees, Sawflies, Wasps and Others
Vespidae: The Hornet, Wasp and Yellow Jacket Family
Vespula sp.: Yellow Jacket (nests are usually made in the ground or near ground level in hollow stumps)
MAMMALS
Canidae: The Dog and Allies Family
Canis latrans Say: Coyote (feeds on amphibians, berries, birds, carrion, fruits, gophers, insects, mice, rabbits, reptiles and squirrels)
Cervidae: The Deer and Allies Family
Odocoileus virginianus (Zimmermann) subsp. couesi: Arizona Whitetail, Coues’ Deer, Coues’ White-tailed Deer, Fantail, Sonora White-tailed Deer, Sonoran Fantail, Venado Cola Blanca (Hispanic), Virginia Deer, Whitetail, White-tailed Deer (feeds on fungi, grass and acorns, branches, buds, cones, fruits, leaves, mast, needles and /or twigs of alder, barberry, buckbrush, calliandra, catclaw acacia, Emory and scrub oaks and other evergreen oaks, hackberry, hemlock, holly-leaf buckthorn, juniper, mesquite, mountainlover, Oregon-grape, pinyon, ratany, sagebrush, skunkbush, spiderwort, spruce, willow, yellow-leaf silktassel; reported from mountains, canyons, forests, woodlands, meadows, scrub and desertscrub)
Sciuridae: The Squirrel and Allies Family
An unknown small grey squirrel was observed
REPTILES
Testudinidae: The Land Tortoise Family
Gopherus agassizi Cooper (Sonoran Population): Sonoran Desert Tortoise (feeds on cacti, grass and herbs; reported from canyon bottoms, rocky hillsides, woodlands, scrubs, grasslands, desertscrubs, sandy and gravelly flats, dunes, oases, washes and riverbanks)
Listing Footnotes
(1) National Geographic
(2) Walker, Henry P. and Don
Bufkin. 1979. Historical Atlas of
(3)
(4) Brown, David E., Biotic Communities of the American Southwest – United States and Mexico, Desert Plants, Volume 4, Numbers 1-4, Published by the University of Arizona for the Boyce Thompson Southwestern Arboretum, 1982, and associated map: Brown, David E. and Charles H. Lowe, Biotic Communities of the Southwest, August 1980, General Technical Report RM-78, United Stated Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Forest and Range Experiment Station, Revised June 1983
(5) Nomenclature generally
follows that presented by The Biota of North America Program of the North
Carolina Botanical Garden (BONAP) with A Synonymized
Checklist of the Vascular Flora of the
http://www.csdl.tamu.edu/FLORA/b98/check98.htm
(6) Growth habits generally
coincide with that given by the National Plants Database. Common names
identified in the database have been printed in bold lettering: USDA, NRCS.
2004. The PLANTS Database, Version 3.5 (http://plants.usda.gov).
Literature, References and Web Sites Cited,
Consulted and Visited for Listings
*Arid Zone Trees, A Resource for Landscape Professionals, dedicated to providing quality trees to the Landscape Industries that are appropriate to the Desert Southwest
http://www.aridzonetrees.com/index.htm
*
*Arizona Game and
http://www.gf.state.az.us/w_c/edits/species_concern.shtml
* Arizona General Soil Map, July 1975, United States Department of Agriculture - Soil Conservation Service and the University of Arizona Agricultural Experiment Station, compiled by J.E. Jay, Y.H. Havens, D.M. Hendricks, D.F. Post and C.W. Guernsey.
*
*
http://desertmuseum.org/pollination/table_3.html
*Barnes, Will C. 1988.
*Benson, Lyman. 1981. The Cacti of Arizona,
The University of Arizona Press, Tucson, Arizona.
*Benson, Lyman and Robert A. Darrow. 1981.
Trees and Shrubs of the Southwestern Deserts, The University of Arizona Press,
Tucson, Arizona.
*The Biota of North America Program of the North Carolina Botanical Garden (BONAP) with A Synonymized Checklist of the Vascular Flora of the United States, Puerto Rico and the Virgin Islands, Full Index 1998.
http://www.csdl.tamu.edu/FLORA/b98/check98.htm
*Biota Information System of
http://nmnhp.unm.edu/bisonm/bisonquery.php
*Bowers, Janice E. and Steven P. McLaughlin.
1987. Flora and Vegetation of the Rincon
Mountains, Pima County, Arizona, Desert Plants, Volume 8, Number 2.
*Bowers, J.E., and R.M. Turner. 1985. A Revised Vascular Flora of Tumamoc Hill.
*Breitung, August J., The Agaves, The Cactus
and Succulent Journal 1968 Yearbook, Abbey Garden Press, Reseda, California.
*Brenzel, Kathleen N. 2001.
Sunset Western Garden Book, Sunset
Publishing Corporation,
*Brown, David E. 1982. Biotic Communities of the American Southwest – United States and Mexico, Desert Plants, Volume 4, Numbers 1-4, Published by the University of Arizona for the Boyce Thompson Southwestern Arboretum, and associated map: Brown, David E. and Lowe, Charles H., Biotic Communities of the Southwest, August 1980, General Technical Report RM-78, United Stated Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Forest and Range Experiment Station Revised June 1983.
*Catalogue of
http://mobot.mobot.org/W3T/Search/index/nwgctA.html
*Chamber, Nina – Sonoran
Institute & Hawkins, Trica Oshant - Environmental Education Exchange.
Invasive Plants of the
*Checklist of North American
Butterflies Occurring North of
http://www.naba.org/pubs/enames2.html
*The Collection, Volume 4 Issue 4, Winter 2002-2003
http://tcbmed.com/Newsletters/Volume4-Issue4-Usnea.html
*Dollar, Derrick; Scott
Richardson and
*Duffield, Mary Rose and Warren D. Jones.
1981. Plants for Dry Climates, HP Books, Los Angeles, California
*Earle, W. Hubert. 1963. Cacti of the
Southwest, Rancho Arroyo book distributors, Tempe, Arizona.
*Epple, Anne Orth. 1995. A field Guide
to the Plants of Arizona, Falcon Press Publishing Co., Inc.,
*Erickson, Jim. 1998. 2 Areas
Near Santa Ritas Sought for Conservation, Park, the
*Especies Forestales No Maderables - Indices
http://www.semarnat.gob.mx/pfnm/indices.html
*Felger, Richard S. 1997. Checklist
of the Vascular Plants of Cabeza Prieta National Wildlife Refuge, Arizona,
Drylands Institute,
*
http://www.floridanature.org/copyright.asp
*Gould, Frank W. 1951. Grasses of Southwestern
United States, University of Arizona Press, Tucson, Arizona.
*Hawksworth, Frank G. and Delbert
Wiens. March 1996.
http://www.rmrs.nau.edu/publications/ah_709/index.html
*Haynes, Lisa and Susan Schuetze. 1997. Pamphlet: A Sampler of Arizona’s Threatened and Endangered Wildlife, Arizona Game and Fish Department and Arizona Department of Agriculture.
*The Hermannia Pages: American Species
http://www.meden.demon.co.uk/Malvaceae/Hermannia/American.html
*Heymann, M.M. 1975. Reptiles and
Amphibians of the American Southwest, Doubleshoe Publishers,
*Hoffmeister. 1980. Ursus arctos, Specimens in Collections
*Housholder, Bob. 1966. The
Grizzly Bear in
*Integrated Taxonomic Information System (ITIS)
*The International Plant Names Index (2004), accessed 2005. Published on the Internet
*Jepson Flora Project
http://ucjeps.berkeley.edu/copyright.html
*Johnson, Matthew Brian. 2004. Cacti, other
Succulents, and Unusual Xerophytes of Southern Arizona, Boyce Thompson
Southwestern Arboretum / Arizona Lithographers, Tucson, Arizona.
*Kearney, Thomas K. and Robert H. Peebles.
1951. with Supplement 1960. Arizona Flora, University of California Press,
Berkeley, Los Angeles, California.
*Krausman, Paul R. and Michael L.
Morrison. 2003. Wildlife Ecology and Management, Santa Rita Experimental Range
(1903 to 2002),
*Laymon, Stephen A. Paper: Yellow-billed Cuckoo.
*Lellinger, David B. 1985. A Field Manual of
the Ferns and Fern-Allies of the United States and Canada, Smithsonian
Institution Press, Washington, D.C.
*Little, Elbert L. 1980. The Audubon Society Field Guide to North American Trees – Western Region, Alfred A. Knopf, New York, New York.
*Lowe, Charles H. 1964. The
Vertebrates of
*Maus, Kathryn. September 2002.
Checklist for the Plants of the West Branch of the
http://eebweb.arizona.edu/HERB/WESTBRANCH/westbranch.html
*Maus, Kathryn.
*McLaughlin, Steven P. July 18, 1990. Flora of
Buenos Aires National Wildlife Refuge (including Arivaca Cienega), Office of
Arid Land Studies, University of Arizona.
*
*Milne, Lorus and Margery. 1980. The Audubon Society Field Guide to North American Insects and Spiders, Alfred A. Knopf, New York, New York.
*Minckly, W. L. 1973. Fishes of
Arizona, Sims Printing Company, Inc.,
*Missouriplants.com
http://www.missouriplants.com/index.html
*National Geographic
*National Plants Database: USDA, NRCS.
2004. The PLANTS Database, Version 3.5,
*Native Grasses from
http://uvalde.tamu.edu/herbarium/grasses.htm
*Olin, George. 1982. Mammals of
the
*Owensby, Clenton. 2002. Line
Drawings of
http://spuds.agron.ksu.edu/ksgrasskey/linedraw.htm
*Page,
*Parker, Kittie F. 1982. An Illustrated Guide
to Arizona Weeds, University of Arizona Press, Tucson, Arizona.
*Peterson, Roger Tory. 1961. A
Field Guide to Western Birds, Houghton Mifflin Company,
*
http://wc.pima.edu/Bfiero/tucsonecology/plants/wflow_heri.htm
*
*
http://www.pima.gov/cmo/sdcp/sdcp2/fsheets/facts.html
*Ransom, Jay Ellis. 1981. Harper
and Row’s Complete Field Guide to North American Wildlife, Western Edition,
Harper and Row,
*Raven, Peter H., Ray F. Evert and Helena
Curtis. 1976 Biology of Plants, Second Edition,Worth Publishers, Inc.
*
*Rondeau, Renee, Thomas R. Van Devender, C.
David Bertelson, Philip Jenkins, Rebecca K. Wilson, Mark A. Dimmitt. December,
1996. Annotated Flora of the Tucson Mountains, Pima County, Arizona, Desert
Plants, Volume 12, Number 2..
http://eebweb.arizona.edu/herb/TUCSONS/tucsonsA-C.html
*Rosen, Philip C.
*Rosenberg, Gary H. and Russel,
Ruth. 1999. Checklist of North American Birds
*
*Southeast Arizona Butterfly
Association (SEABA), Plant List - SEABA’s
http://www.naba.org/chapters/nabasa/home.html
*Southwest Environmental Information Network (SEINet)
http://seinet.asu.edu/collections/selection.jsp?cat=plantae
*Spellenberg, Richard. 1979. The Audubon Society Field Guide to North American Wildflowers – Western Region, Alfred A. Knopf, New York, New York.
*Stebbins, Robert C. 1985. A
Field Guide to Western Reptiles and Amphibians, Peterson Field Guides, Houghton
Mifflin Company,
*
http://aggie-horticulture.tamu.edu/ornamentals/nativeshrubs/indexscientific.htm
*Thornber, J.J. 1909. Vegetation Groups
in the Desert Laboratory Domain, Professor of Botany in the
*
*
*Turner, Raymond M., Janice E. Bowers and Tony
L. Burgess. 1995. Sonoran Desert Plants An Ecological Atlas, The University of
Arizona Press, Tucson, Arizona.
*Tuttle, Merlin D. 1988.
*Udvardy, Miklos D.F. 1977. The
Audubon Society Field Guide to North American Birds Western Region, Alfred A.
Knopf, Inc.,
*United States Fish and Wildlife Service;
Cabeza Prieta National Wildlife Refuge Web Site
http://www.fws.gov/southwest/refuges/arizona/cabeza.html
*University of Michigan, Animal Diversity Web http://animaldiversity.ummz.umich.edu/
*Walker, Henry P. and Don Bufkin.
1979. Historical Atlas of
*Walters, James W. A Guide to Forest Insect and Disease Management pf Southwestern Conifers, United States Department of Agriculture, Forest Service.
*Whitaker, John O., Jr. 1996. National Audubon Society Field Guide to North American Mammals, Alfred A. Knopf, New York, New York.
*Whitson, Tom D., Larry C.
Burrill, Steven A. Dewey, David W. Cudney, B.E. Nelson, Richard D. Lee, Robert
Parker. 1996. Weeds of the West, Pioneer of
Wiens, John F. Vascular Plants of Ragged Top, compiled by John F. Wiens from 1987 - 2000, The Arizona Native Plant Society, Plant Press, Volume 25 Number 1, Spring 2001.