August 29,
2005 Update
TOWNSHIP
12 SOUTH, RANGE 09 EAST, PIMA COUNTY, ARIZONA
Gila
and Salt River Baseline and Meridian
Major Contributor and Source: William T. Kendall.
Species Distribution Lists are being developed to encourage and promote the conservation of local native animals and plants. They are developed for legally defined geographic areas, and larger bodies of water. They are provided to environmental consultants, property owners, and government agencies interested in promoting conservation. Listings include species reported as having been observed in or reported from the described area.
Due to continuing additions and corrections the listings should be considered a work in progress. Species once reported as having occurred within the described area, but that no longer occurs there are shown are having been EXTIRPATED. This list includes species that are not native to Arizona (EXOTIC). Exotic plants are not recommended for use in landscaping, restoration, or revegetation projects. Disjunct species, outliers and populations on the edge of the main population are noted as being a PERIPHERAL POPULATION. Landscaped plants are not included in the lists unless they have become naturalized in the surrounding native environment.
The use of local native vegetation is recommended for landscape, restoration and revegetation projects. To determine what could be considered as local native vegetation look at both the project township and the eight contiguous townships for plants of similar habitat and elevation. Plants should be planted in their approximate original habitat and density. Use of native plants encourages native animals to remain in the area and helps to retain the areas natural beauty, unique identity and heritage.
Appreciation is expressed to the
officers and staff of the Arizona Department of Agriculture, the Arizona Game
and Fish Department,
Species Distribution Lists are periodically updated and revised. The information presented as township notes was obtained from large scale mapping and should be used only as a general guide. Information used in these lists is accepted from biologists and individuals interested in helping to promote the conservation of our natural resources. Mistakes are made in the identification of species and in the recording of information, and changes in nomenclature occur. For these reasons I can not warrant the accuracy of the information presented in these listings.
Comments and the reporting of
corrections, unrecorded species in townships and information relating to the
historical distribution of species would be appreciated, and may be sent by
mail to: Kendall Environmental Surveys,
KendallEnvironmentalSurveys@msn.com.
Township Notes
Location: This township is
located in north-central
Landmarks: Named peaks in the
township include
Elevation: Elevations range from
approximately 2,020 feet near the northeast corner in the Cocio Wash to
approximately 3,281 feet at the top of
This photograph was
taken looking southeast toward Pan Quemado from the
Soil: Soils are described as thermic (hot) arid and semiarid soils of the Mohave-Tres Hermanos-Anway Association (deep, arid soils on the valley plains), Pinaleno-Nickel-Palos Verdes Association (deep, arid, gravelly soils on deeply dissected uplands) and the Rock Outcrop-Lampshire-Cellar Association (rock outcrop and very shallow and shallow semiarid soils of the mountains and foothills) with isolated areas of Rock Outcrop and shallow soils (3).
Biotic Community: Portions of
this township are located within the
Maps created with TOPO! R C 2002 National Geographic
Map of Township with Adjacent Sections
Plant Propagation Note
The DESERT SURVIVORS NATIVE PLANT NURSERY
sells many local native plants and is willing to consider growing any native
plant for which there is a buyer. Contact: Desert Survivors Native Plant
Nursery, 1020 West Starr Pass Boulevard, Tucson, Arizona 85713, 520-791-9309.
PLANTS
Agavaceae: The Century-plant Family
Agave deserti G. Engelmann subsp. simplex H.S. Gentry (5): Agave, Amul, Desert Agave, Desert Century Plant, Single-rosette Desert Agave, Mescal (terrestrial perennial evergreen succulent herb, subshrub or shrub (under 2 feet high with a flowering stem reaching to 20 feet in height) (6); within range reported from canyons, rocky slopes, ridges, hills, bajadas, outcrops and flats 500 to 3,500 feet elevation; useful as an ornamental. PERIPHERAL-DISJUNCT POPULATION)
Yucca elata (G. Engelmann) G. Engelmann var. elata: Amole, Datil, Palmilla, Palmlilja Jukka, Pamilla, Pamella, Soaptree, Soaptree Yucca, Soap Weed, Spanish Bayonet (terrestrial perennial narrow-leaved evergreen, palm-like shrub or tree (25 feet high or more with a flowering stalk reaching to 6 feet or more in height); within range reported from mesas, hills, bajadas, plains, gravelly flats, valleys and along washes and arroyos 1,500 to 6,000 feet elevation; useful as an ornamental)
Asteraceae: The Aster Family
(Compositae: The Sunflower Family)
Acourtia nana (A. Gray) J.L. Reveal & G. King (Perezia nana A. Gray): Desert Holly, Dwarf Desertpeony (terrestrial perennial herb; within range reported from mesas, bajadas, slopes and gravelly flats below 6,000 feet elevation; useful as an ornamental)
Acourtia wrightii (A. Gray) J.L. Reveal & G. King (Perezia wrightii A. Gray): Brownfoot, Desert Holly, Perezia, Pink Perezia (terrestrial perennial herb; within range reported from canyons, rocky slopes, foothills, gravelly bajadas and flats below 6,000 feet elevation; useful as an ornamental)
Ambrosia ambrosioides (A.J. Cavanilles) F.W. Payne (Franseria ambrosioides A.J. Cavanilles): Ambrosia Leaf Burr Ragweed, Canyon Ragweed, Chicura, Leaf Burr Ragweed (terrestrial perennial subshrub or shrub (under 4 feet high); within range reported from canyon bottoms, rocky slopes, rock crevices, roadsides, washes and streambeds below 4,500 feet elevation)
Ambrosia confertiflora A.P. de Condolle (Franseria confertiflora (A.P. de Condolle) P.A. Rydberg): Altamisa de Playa, Bursage Ragweed, Estafiate, Field Ragweed, Slimleaf Bursage, Weakleaf Burr Ragweed, Weak-leaved Burweed (terrestrial perennial herb; within range reported from mesas, slopes, roadsides, washes, floodplains and disturbed areas 1,000 to 6,500 feet elevation)
Ambrosia deltoidea (J. Torrey) F.W. Payne (Franseria deltoidea J. Torrey): Burrobush, Bursage, Chamizo Forrajero, Chicurilla, Rabbit Bush, Triangle Burr Ragweed, Triangle-leaf Bursage, Triangle-leaf Burr Ragweed (terrestrial evergreen perennial subshrub or shrub (to 2 feet high); within range reported from mesas, rocky slopes, bajadas, gravelly flats and washes 1,000 to 3,000 feet elevation; useful as an ornamental)
Ambrosia dumosa (A. Gray) F.W. Payne (Franseria dumosa A. Gray): Burrobush, Burro Weed, Chamizo, Chicurilla, Hierba del Burro, White Bursage, White Burrobush (terrestrial perennial subshrub or shrub (to 2 feet high); within range reported from mesas, rocky slopes, hills, bajadas, dunes and gravelly flats below 3,000 feet elevation; ,useful as an ornamental)
Centaurea melitensis C. Linnaeus: Cardo, Malta Centaurea, Malta Thistle, Maltese Centaury, Maltese Cockspur, Malta Starthistle, Maltese Star-thistle, Napa Starthistle, Saucy Jack, Tocalote (terrestrial winter annual or biennial herb; within range reported from rocky slopes, roadsides, along washes, floodplains and disturbed areas below 7,000 feet elevation. EXOTIC Invasive Plant; poses a significant threat to native habitat)
Encelia farinosa A. Gray ex J. Torrey: Brittlebush, Button Brittlebush, Goldenhills, Hierba Cenisa, Hierba de Gusano, Hierba de las Animas, Hierba del Vaso, Incienso, Rama Blanca, White Brittlebush (terrestrial perennial subshrub or shrub (to 3 feet high); within range reported from mesas, rocky slopes, bajadas, flats and washes below 3,000 feet elevation; useful as an ornamental)
Hymenothrix wislizeni A. Gray: Golden Ragweed, TransPecos Thimblehead, Wislizenus Beeflower (terrestrial annual or perennial herb; within range reported from mesas,
slopes, gravelly flats, roadsides, washes
and disturbed areas 2,500 to 5,500 feet elevation)
Isocoma tenuisecta E.L. Greene (Aplopappus
tenuisectus (E.L. Greene) J. Blake,
Haplopappus tenuisectus (E.L. Greene) J. Blake): Burroweed, Hierba del Burrow (terrestrial
perennial herb, subshrub or shrub (to 3 feet high); within range reported from
mesas, rocky slopes, bajadas, plains, gravelly flats, roadsides and disturbed
areas 2,000 to 5,500 feet elevation; useful as an ornamental)
Psilostrophe cooperi (A. Gray) E.L. Greene: Cooper Paperflower, Paper Daisy, Paper Flower, Whitestem Paperflower, Yellow Paper Daisy (terrestrial perennial subshrubor shrub (to 2 feet high); within range reported from mesas, rocky slopes, bajadas, plains, gravelly flats and floodplains 2,000 to 5,000 feet; useful as an ornamental elevation)
Trixis californica A. Kellogg: American Threefold, American Trixis, Arizona Green Plant, California Trixis (terrestrial perennial subshrub or shrub (to 3 feet high); within range reported from canyons, rocky slopes, among boulders and rocks, flats and along washes below 5,000 feet elevation; useful as an ornamental)
Boraginaceae: The Borage Family
Tiquilia canescens (A.P. de Condolle) A. Richardson var. canescens (Coldenia canescens A.P. de Condolle): Crinkle Mats, Gray Coldenia, Hierba de la Virgin, Oreja de Perro, Shrubby Coldenia, Woody Crinklemat (terrestrial perennial subshrub or shrub (under 1 foot high); within range reported from mesas, gravelly bajadas, slopes, gravelly flats and dirt roads below 3,500 feet elevation; useful as an ornamental)
Brassicaceae (Cruciferae): The Mustard Family
Brassica tournefortii A. Gouan: African Mustard, Asian Mustard, Mostaza, Mostaza Africana, Mostaza del Sahara, Sahara Mustard, Wild Turnip (terrestrial annual herb; within range reported from rocky slopes, flats, roadsides and disturbed areas 2,100 to 4,300 feet elevation. EXOTIC Invasive Plant; poses a significant threat to native habitat)
Burseraceae: The Frankincense Family
Bursera fagaroides (K.S. Kunth in Humbolt, Bonpland and Kunth) H.G. Engler: Chutama, Cuajiote, Cuajiote Amarillo, Cuajiote Blanco, Cuajiote Colorado, Colorado Verde, Cuajiote Verde, Fragrant Bursera, Palo Mulato, Torote Papelillo (terrestrial perennial deciduous shrub or tree (to 15 feet high); within range reported from limestone cliffs, rocky slopes, hills and valleys below 4,100 feet elevation; useful as an ornamental but is frost sensitive. PERIPHERAL POPULATION)
X (these plants appear
to be a hybrid between Bursera fagaroides
and Bursera microphylla. PERIPHERAL
POPULATION, this plant occurs in the
Bursera microphylla A. Gray: Copal, Elephant Bursera, Elephant Tree, Little Leaf Elephant Tree, Torote, Torote Colorado (terrestrial perennial deciduous shrub or tree (to 20 feet high); within range reported from desert mountains, canyons, cliffs, rocky slopes, foothills, hillsides, flats and washes below 3,300 feet elevation; useful as an ornamental but is frost sensitive. PERIPHERAL POPULATION)
Cactaceae: The Cactus Family
Carnegiea gigantea (G. Engelmann) N.L. Britton & J.N. Rose (Cereus giganteus G. Engelmann): Giant Cactus, Saguaro, Sahuaro (terrestrial perennial succulent tree (to 50 feet high or more); within range reported from canyon walls, rocky and gravelly slopes, ridges and foothills, rocky hill sides, bajadas, plains, gravelly flats, valleys and along washes and arroyos below 5,100 feet elevation; white-wing doves as well as other birds and animals feed on the saguaro seeds during fruiting season; Gila Woodpeckers and Gilded Flickers make holes in this plant for their nests which are later utilized by Elf Owls; useful as an ornamental)
Carnegiea gigantea (G. Engelmann) N.L. Britton & J.N. Rose (Carnegiea gigantea (G. Engelmann) N.L. Britton & J.N. Rose forma cristata, Cereus giganteus G. Engelmann forma cristata): Crested Saguaro, Fan Top Saguaro, Fishtail Saguaro, Saguaro - Crested Form (terrestrial perennial succulent tree (to 50 feet high or more); within range reported from canyon walls, rocky and gravelly slopes, ridges and foothills, rocky hill sides, bajadas, plains, gravelly flats, valleys and along washes and arroyos below 5,100 feet elevation; white-wing doves as well as other birds and animals feed on the saguaro seeds during fruiting season; Gila Woodpeckers and Gilded Flickers make holes in this plant for their nests which are later utilized by Elf Owls; useful as an ornamental)
Echinocactus horizonthalonius C. Lemaire var. nicholii L. Benson: Bisnaga Manca Caballo, Bisnaga Meloncillo, Blue Barrel, Devilshead, Eagle’s Claw, Manco Mula, Meloncillo, Nichol’s Echinocactus, Nichol Turk’s-head Cactus, Nichol Woolly-headed Cactus, Turk’s Head (terrestrial perennial succulent subshrub or shrub (under 2 feet high); within range reported from mountains, ridges, hills, bajadas, slopes and flats below 3600 feet elevation)
Echinocereus fendleri (G. Engelmann) F. Seitz var. fasciculatus (G. Engelmann ex B.D. Jackson) N.P. Taylor (Echinocereus fasciculatus (G. Engelmann ex B.D. Jackson) L. Benson, Echinocereus fendleri (G. Engelmann) K.T. Rümpler var. robustus (R.H. Peebles) L. Benson, Mammillaria fasciculata G. Engelmann ex B.D. Jackson): Bundle Hedgehog Cactus, Pinkflower Hedgehog Cactus, Robust Hedgehog Cactus (terrestrial perennial succulent subshrub or shrub (under 2 feet high); within range reported from rocky slopes, hills, bajadas, gravelly flats, valleys and along washes 2,000 to 3,000 feet elevation; useful as an ornamental)
Echinocereus nicholii (L. Benson) E. Parfitt (Echinocereus engelmannii (C.C. Parry ex G. Engelmann) C. Lemaire var. nicholii L. Benson): Golden Hedgehog, Nichol’s Hedgehog Cactus (terrestrial perennial succulent subshrub or shrub (to 2 feet high; however, running stems up to 5 feet have been observed); within range reported from ridges, bajadas, slopes and flats below 5,000 feet elevation; useful as an ornamental. PERIPHERAL POPULATION)
Ferocactus cylindraceus (G. Engelmann) C.R. Orcutt var. lecontei (G. Engelmann) H. Bravo (Ferocactus acanthodes (C. Lemaire) N.L. Britton & J.N. Rose var. lecontei (G. Engelmann) G. Lindsay, Ferocactus lecontei (G. Engelmann) N.L. Britton & J.N. Rose): Barrel Cactus, Bisnaga, Biznaga, LeConte’s Barrel Cactus, Compass Plant (terrestrial perennial succulent subshrub or shrub (to 7 feet high); within range reported from canyon walls, rocky slopes, hills, bajadas, flats, valleys and along washes below 3,500 feet elevation; useful as an ornamental)
Ferocactus wislizeni (G. Engelmann) N.L. Britton & J.N. Rose: Arizona Barrel Cactus, Barrel Cactus, Bisnaga, Biznaga, Biznaga de Agua, Biznagre, Candy Barrelcactus, Compass Barrel, Compass Plant, Fishhook Barrel Cactus, Southwest Barrel Cactus, Southwestern Barrel Cactus, Visnaga, Wislizenus Barrel, Yellow-spined Barrel Cactus (terrestrial perennial succulent subshrub, shrub or tree (to 11 feet high); within range reported from canyon walls, rocky slopes, hills, bajadas, plains, gravelly flats and along washes and arroyos below 4,500 feet elevation; useful as an ornamental)
Ferocactus wislizeni (G. Engelmann) N.L. Britton & J.N. Rose (Ferocactus wislizeni (G. Engelmann) N.L. Britton & J.N. Rose forma cristata): Bisnaga, Biznaga, Candy Barrelcactus - Crested Form, Crested Fishhook Barrel Cactus (terrestrial perennial succulent subshrub, shrub or tree (to 11 feet high); within range reported from canyon walls, rocky slopes, hills, bajadas, gravelly flats and along washes below 4,500 feet elevation)
Mammillaria grahamii G. Engelmann var. grahamii (Mammillaria microcarpa G. Engelmann): Arizona Fishhook Cabeza de Viejo Cekida, Cactus, Biznaguita, Fishhook Cactus, Graham Fishhook, Graham’s Nipple Cactus, Graham Pincushion Cactus, Lizard Catcher (terrestrial perennial succulent subshrub or shrub (under 6 inches high); within range reported from rocky slopes, rock outcrops, rocky hillsides, boulder crevices, gravelly flats, valleys and along washes below 4,500 feet elevation; useful as an ornamental)
Opuntia acanthocarpa G. Engelmann & J. Bigelow var. major (G. Engelmann & J. Bigelow) L. Benson (Opuntia acanthocarpa G. Engelmann & Bigelow var. ramosa Peebles): Buckhorn Cholla, Major Cholla (terrestrial perennial succulent treelike subshrub or shrub (to 5 feet high); within range reported from rocky slopes, bajadas, gravelly flats and along washes 500 to 3,500 feet elevation; useful as an ornamental)
Opuntia arbuscula G. Engelmann: Arizona Pencil Cholla, Bush Pencil Cholla, Pencil Cholla (terrestrial perennial succulent subshrub or shrub (to 9 feet high); within range reported from rocky slopes, bajadas, plains, gravelly flats, valleys and along washes and arroyos 1,000 to 3,000 feet elevation; useful as an ornamental)
Opuntia bigelovii G. Engelmann: Arizona Jumping Cactus, Ball Cholla, Cholla Guera, Jumping Cholla, Teddy Bear Cactus, Teddybear Cholla (terrestrial perennial succulent subshrub or shrub (to 9 feet high); within range reported from mountainsides, canyons, rocky slopes, talus slopes, hillsides, bajadas, plains, flats and along washes and arroyos below 3,000 feet elevation; useful as an ornamental)
Opuntia chlorotica G. Engelmann & J. Bigelow: Dollarjoint Pricklypear, Nopal, Nopal Rastrera, Pancake Pear, Pancake Prickly-pear, Silver-dollar Cactus, Smooth Clock-face Pricklypear (terrestrial perennial succulent subshrub or shrub (to 6 feet high); within range reported from mountains, canyons, ledges, rocky slopes, ridges, bajadas, hills, flats and valleys 2,000 to 6,000 feet elevation; useful as an ornamental)
Opuntia engelmannii J.F. Salm-Reifferscheid-Dyck var. engelmannii (Opuntia phaeacantha G. Engelmann var. discata (D. Griffiths) L. Benson & D.L. Walkington): Abrojo, Cactus Apple, Desert Pricklypear Cactus, Engelmann Pricklypear, Flaming Pricklypear, Joconostle, Nopal, Prickly Pear, Vela de Coyote (terrestrial perennial succulent subshrub or shrub (to 4 feet high); within range reported from canyon bottoms, rocky slopes, ridges, bajadas, slopes, benches, rocky and gravelly flats, valleys, and along washes, gullies and arroyos 1,000 to 6,500 feet elevation; useful as an ornamental; provides cover for many desert animals)
Opuntia fulgida G. Engelmann var. fulgida: Chain Cholla, Chain-fruit Cholla, Cholla, Cholla Brincadora, Choya, Jumping Cholla, Sonora Jumping Cholla, Velas de Ccoyote (terrestrial perennial succulent subshrub, shrub or tree (to 15 feet high); within range reported from mesas, rocky slopes, hills, bajadas, plains, gravelly flats, valleys and along washes below 4,000 feet elevation; useful as an ornamental)
Opuntia leptocaulis A.P. de Candolle: Agujilla, Christmas Cactus, Christmas Cholla, Darning Needle Cactus, Desert Christmas Cactus, Desert Christmas Cholla, Holycross Cholla, Pipestem Cactus, Rattail Cactus, Tajasilla, Tasajillo, Tesajo (terrestrial perennial succulent subshrub or shrub (to 3 feet high); within range reported from mesas, rocky slopes, bajadas, plains, gravelly flats, valleys, along washes and arroyos and bottomlands and floodplains 200 to 5,000 feet elevation; useful as an ornamental)
Opuntia macrocentra G. Engelmann var. macrocentra (Opuntia violacea G. Engelmann ex B.D. Jackson var. macrocentra (G. Engelmann) L. Benson; Opuntia violacea G. Engelmann ex B.D. Jackson var. violacea): Black-spined Pricklypear, Duranzilla, Long-spined Pricklypear, Purple Pricklypear (terrestrial perennial succulent subshrub, shrub or tree (to 2 feet high); within range reported from hills, bajadas, slopes, flats, valleys and along washes 2,000 to 5,500 feet elevation; useful as an ornamental)
Opuntia phaeacantha G. Engelmann var. major G. Engelmann: Abrojo, Joconostle, Major Pricklypear, Mojave Pricklypear, Nopal, Sprawling Prickly Pear, Vela de Coyote, Yellow Pricklypear (terrestrial perennial succulent subshrub or shrub (to 5 feet high); within range reported from rocky slopes, hills, bajadas, flats and valleys in sandy, gravelly or rocky soils 1,000 to 7,500 feet elevation; useful as an ornamental; provides cover for many desert animals)
Opuntia spinosior (G. Engelmann) J.W. Toumey: Cane Cholla, Cardenche, Handgrip Cholla, Spiny Cholla, Tasajo, Walkingstick Cactus, Walking Stick Cholla (terrestrial perennial succulent subshrub, shrub or tree (to 10 feet high); within range reported from mountainsides, canyons, hills, bajadas, gravelly flats, valleys, along washes and arroyos and floodplains 1,000 to 5,000+ feet elevation; useful as an ornamental)
Opuntia tetracantha J.W. Toumey (Opuntia kleiniae A.P. de Candolle var. tetracantha (J.W. Toumey) W.T. Marshall): Candle Cholla, Four-spined Cholla, Klein Pencil Cholla, Pencil Joint Cholla, Tucson Cholla (terrestrial perennial succulent subshrub or shrub (to 7 fee high); within range reported from rocky slopes, bajadas, rocky and gravelly flats and along washes 2,000 to 3,500 feet elevation; useful as an ornamental)
Peniocereus greggii (G. Engelmann) N.L. Britton & J.N. Rose var. transmontanus (G. Engelmann) Backeberg: Arizona Queen of the Night, Chaparral Cactus, Deerhorn Cactus, Desert Night-blooming Cereus, Desert Threadcereus, Nightblooming Cereus, Queen of the Night, Reina de la noche (terrestrial perennial succulent subshrub or shrub (to 8 feet high); within range reported from bajadas, gravelly flats and along washes 1,000 to 3,500 feet elevation; useful as an ornamental, plant under desert shrubs such as the Creosote Bush, Foothill Paloverde and Velvet Mesquite for support and protection, the large (2-3 inch) flowers are very fragrant)
Chenopodiaceae: The Goosefoot Family
Salsola tragus C. Linnaeus (Salsola iberica Sennen & C. Pau, Salsola kali C. Linnaeus var. tenuifolia (H. Tausch) P. Aellen, Salsola kali C. Linnaeus subsp. tragus (C. Linnaeus) P. Aellen): Cardo Ruso, Chamiso, Chamiso Valador, Coast Saltwort, Common Russian Thistle, Prickly Russian Thistle, Russian Thistle, Tumbleweed, Tumbling Thistle, Volador, Wind Witch (terrestrial annual herb; within range reported from rocky slopes, gravelly flats, roadsides, along washes, floodplains and disturbed areas 150 to 7,000 feet elevation. EXOTIC Invasive Plant)
Euphorbiaceae: The Spurge Family
Jatropha cardiophylla (J. Torrey) J. Müller Argoviensis: Limber Bush, Matacora, Sangre de Cristo, Sangre-de-drago, Sangregrado, Sangrengado, Torote (terrestrial perennial deciduous shrub (to 5 feet high); within range reported from mesas, rocky slopes, foothills, bajadas, plains and along washes and arroyos 2,000 to 3,000 feet elevation; useful as an ornamental, emerald green leaves appear around the time of the first rains and then provide color when the leaves turn gold in the fall)
Fabaceae (Leguminosae): The Pea Family
Acacia constricta G. Bentham: Chaparro Prieto, Common Whitethorn, Garabato, Gigantillo, Huisache, Largoncillo, Mescat Acacia, Vara Prieta, Vinorama, Whitethorn Acacia, White Thorn (terrestrial perennial deciduous shrub or tree (to 10 feet high); within range reported from mesas, canyons, rocky slopes, ridges, gravelly bajadas, gravelly flats, floodplains and along washes and arroyos 2,500 to 5,000 feet elevation; useful as an ornamental, the flowers are fragrant)
Acacia greggii A. Gray var. greggii (Acacia greggii A. Gray, Acacia greggii A. Gray var. arizonica P.T. Isley): Algarroba, Catclaw, Catclaw Acacia, Devil’s Claw, Gatuno, Gregg Catclaw, Tear Blanket, Tepame, Tesota, Una de Gato (terrestrial perennial deciduous shrub or tree (to 23 feet high); within range reported from canyons, rocky slopes, floodplains and along sandy washes and streams below 4,500 feet elevation: useful as an ornamental)
Calliandra eriophylla G. Bentham var. eriophylla: Cabelleto de Angel, Cabeza Angel, Fairyduster, False Mesquite, False Mesquite Calliandra, Guajillo, Hairy-leaved Calliandra, Huajillo, Mesquitilla (terrestrial perennial deciduous subshrub or shrub (to 3 feet high); within range reported from mesas, canyons, rocky slopes, gravelly bajadas, gravelly flats and along washes below 5,000 feet elevation; useful as an ornamental; browsed by wildlife.)
Olneya tesota A. Gray: Comitin, Arizona Ironwood, Desert Ironwood, Ironwood, Palo de Hierro, Palo Fierro, Tesota (terrestrial perennial evergreen shrub or tree (to 30 feet high); within range reported from mesas, rocky canyons, rocky slopes, hills, bajadas, flats, floodplains and along washes below 2,500 feet elevation; useful as an ornamental; trees are browsed by Bighorn Sheep, the seeds are an important food of desert animals)
Parkinsonia aculeata C. Linnaeus: Bacapore, Bagota, Espinillo, Guacoporo, Horse Bean, Jerusalem Thorn, Junco, Long-leaf Paloverde, Mexican Paloverde, Mezquite Verde, Retama (terrestrial perennial deciduous shrub or tree (to 40 feet high); within range reported from canyons, hills, bajadas, flats, roadsides, floodplains, along washes and disturbed areas 2,000 to 3,000 feet elevation; native to the Castle Dome Mountains (Yuma County) and the foothills of the Coyote and Baboquivari Mountains (Pima County) in Arizona; useful as an ornamental, observed as an escaped and naturalized ornamental that has become weedy in riparian areas and along roadsides; foliage and pods are browsed by wildlife)
Parkinsonia florida (G. Bentham ex A. Gray) S. Watson (Cercidium floridum G. Bentham): Blue Paloverde, Paloverde (terrestrial perennial deciduous shrub or tree (to 30 feet high); within range reported from canyons, hills, bajadas, slopes, flats, roadsides, floodplains and along sandy washes below 6,000 feet elevation; useful as an ornamental with a very showy display of yellow flowers in the spring; twigs and seed pods are browsed by wildlife, seeds are eaten by birds and rodents; useful in controlling erosion)
Parkinsonia microphylla J. Torrey (Cercidium microphyllum (J. Torrey) J.N. Rose & I.M. Johnston): Dipua, Foothill Paloverde, Hillside Paloverde, Horsebean, Little Horsebean, Little Leaf Horsebean, Little Leaf Paloverde, Paloverde, Yellow Paloverde (terrestrial perennial deciduous shrub or tree (to 25 feet high); within range reported from mesas, canyons, rocky slopes, hillsides, gravelly bajadas and gravelly flats below 4,000 feet elevation; useful as an ornamental)
Prosopis velutina E.O. Wooton (Prosopis juliflora (O. Swartz) A.P. de Condolle var. velutina (E.O. Wooton) C.S. Sargent): Algarroba, Chachaca, Mesquite, Mezquite, Velvet Mesquite (terrestrial perennial deciduous shrub or tree (20 to 50 feet high); within range reported from mesas, canyons, bajadas, slopes, gravelly flats, roadsides, along washes and streams and floodplains below 6,000 feet elevation; useful as an ornamental; provides food and shelter for many species of wildlife)
Senna covesii (A. Gray) J.B. Irwin & R.C. Barneby (Cassia covesii A. Gray): Coves’ Cassia, Cove Senna, Dais, Daisillo, Desert Senna, Hojasen, Rosemaria, Rattlebox, Rattleweed (terrestrial perennial herb, subshrub or shrub (to 2 feet high); within range reported from rocky slopes, gravelly bajadas, gravelly flats, roadsides and disturbed areas 1,000 to 3,000 feet elevation; useful as an ornamental)
Fouquieriaceae: The Ocotillo Family
Fouquieria splendens G. Engelmann: Albarda, Barda, Candle Bush, Candle Wood, Coach Whip, Flamingsword, Jacob’s Staff, Monkey-tail, Ocotillo, Ocotillo del Corral, Slimwood, Vine Cactus (terrestrial perennial shrub (7 to 33 feet high); within range reported from mesas, rocky slopes, hills, bajadas, plains and gravelly flats below 6,500 feet elevation; useful as an ornamental; a preferred food plant of Costa’s Hummingbird)
Geraniaceae: The Geranium Family
Erodium cicutarium (C. Linnaeus) C.L. L'Héritier de Brutelle: Afilaree, Alfilaria, Alfilerilla, Alfilerillo, Clocks, Common Stork’s Bill, Filaree, Heron Bill, Red-stem Filaree, Redstem Stork’s Bill (terrestrial winter annual or biennial herb; within range reported from mesas, bajadas, plains, gravelly flats, roadsides and disturbed areas below 7,000 feet elevation. EXOTIC; poses a significant threat to native habitat)
Krameriaceae: The Ratany Family
Krameria erecta C.L. von Wildenow (Krameria parviflora G. Bentham): Chacate, Coashui, Littleleaf Ratany, Pima Ratany, Purple Heather, Range Ratany, Small-flower Ratany (terrestrial perennial subshrub or shrub (under 2 feet high); within range reported from mesas, rocky and gravelly slopes, gravelly bajadas, plains and gravelly flats below 5,000 feet)
Krameria grayi J.N. Rose & W.H. Painter: Chacate, Cosahui, Gray Rantany, White Ratany (terrestrial perennial subshrub or shrub (to 2 feet high); within range reported from mesas, rocky slopes, gravelly bajadas, gravelly flats and plains below 4,000 feet elevation)
Liliaceae: The Lily Family
Allium macropetalum P.A. Rydberg: Arizona Onion, Cebollin, Desert Onion, Largeflower Onion, Large-petal Onion, Wild Onion (terrestrial perennial herb; within range reported from rocky and gravelly slopes, gravelly bajadas and gravelly flats 1,000 to 7,000 feet elevation; useful as an ornamental)
Calochortus kennedyi T.C. Porter: Desert Mariposa, Desert Mariposa Lily, Desert Mariposa Tulip, Mariposa Lily, Red Mariposa Lily (terrestrial perennial herb; within range reported from rocky slopes, ridges, hills, bajadas and flats below 5,000 feet elevation; useful as an ornamental)
Dichelostemma capitatum (G. Bentham) W. Wood subsp. pauciflorum (J. Torrey) G. Keator (Dichelostemma pulchellum (R.A. Salisbury) A.A. Heller var. pauciflorum (J. Torrey) R.F. Hoover): Bluedicks, Brodiaea, Covena, Coveria, Desert Hyacinth, Few-flowered Covena, Grass Nuts, Papago Lily, Purplehead, Wild Hyacinth terrestrial perennial herb; within range reported from rocky slopes, bajadas and gravelly flats below 5,000 feet elevation; useful as an ornamental)
Loasaceae: Blazingstar Family
Mentzelia sp.: Blazingstar
Malpighiaceae: The Barbados-cherry Family
Janusia gracilis A. Gray: Desert Vine, Fermina, Slender Janusia (terrestrial perennial vine or woody climber; within range reported from rocky slopes, gravelly bajadas and gravelly flats; useful as an ornamental 1,000 to 5,000 feet elevation; useful as an ornamental)
Malvaceae: The Mallow Family
Abutilon incanum (J.H. Link) R. Sweet: Hoary Abutilon, Hoary Indian Mallow, Indian Mallow, Pelotazo, Pelotazo Chico, Tronadora (terrestrial perennial subshrub or shrub (to 6 feet high); within range reported from rocky slopes 1,000 to 4,000 feet elevation)
Horsfordia newberryi (S. Watson) A. Gray: Newberry’s Velvetmallow, Orange Velvet-mallow, Yellow Felt Plant (terrestrial perennial subshrub or shrub (7 to 10 feet high); within range reported from canyons, rocky slopes and hillsides and along washes 1,000 to 3,500 feet elevation)
Sphaeralcea sp.: Globemallow
Nyctaginaceae: The Four-o’clock Family
Allionia incarnata C. Linnaeus: Guapile, Herba de la Hormiga, Pink Three-flower, Trailing Allionia, Trailing Four O’Clock, Trailing Windmills, Umbrella Wort, Windmills (terrestrial perennial herb; within range reported from rocky slopes, gravelly flats, along washes and disturbed sites below 6,000 feet elevation)
Oleaceae: The Olive Family
Menodora scabra A. Gray (Menodora scoparia G. Engelmann ex A. Gray): Rough Desert Olive, Rough Menodora, Yellow Menodora, Twinberry, Twinfruit (terrestrial perennial herb, subshrub or shrub (under 2 feet high); within range reported from mesas, rocky slopes, gravelly bajadas and gravelly flats 1,500 to 7,500 feet; useful as an ornamental)
Poaceae (Gramineae): The Grass Family
Bromus rubens C. Linnaeus: Bromo, Bromo Rojo, Foxtail Brome, Foxtail Chess, Red Brome (terrestrial winter annual herb; within range reported from rocky slopes, gravelly flats, roadsides, waste places and disturbed areas 1,300 to 5,500 feet elevation. EXOTIC Invasive Plant; poses a significant threat to native habitat)
Schismus barbatus (P. Loefling ex C. Linnaeus) A. Thellung: Common Mediterranean Grass, Mediterraneangrass, Zacate Mediterrane Comun (terrestrial annual herb; within range reported from bajadas, rocky and gravelly slopes, gravelly flats and washes 1,000 to 4,000 feet elevation. EXOTIC Invasive Plant; poses a significant threat to native habitat)
Polygonaceae: The Buckwheat Family
Chorizanthe sp.: Spineflower, Spiny Herb, Turk’s Rug
Ranunculaceae: The Buttercup Family
Clematis drummondii J. Torrey & A. Gray: Barbas de Chivato, Drummond’s Clematis, Old Man’s Beard, Texas-virgin Bower, Texas Virgin’s Bower, Virgin’s Bower (terrestrial perennial vine, subshrub or woody climber; within range reported from canyons, rocky slopes, flats, open ground and along washes and streams below 4,000 feet elevation)
Delphinium scaposum E.L. Greene: Bare-stem Larkspur, Espuelita, Naked Delphinium, Tall Mountain Larkspur, Wild Delphinium (terrestrial perennial herb; within range reported from mesas, canyons, rocky slopes, hillsides, gravelly flats and along washes below 8,000 feet elevation; useful as an ornamental)
Rhamnaceae: The Buckthorn Family
Ziziphus obtusifolia (W.J. Hooker ex J. Torrey & A. Gray) A. Gray var. canescens (A. Gray) M.C. Johnston (Condalia lycioides (A. Gray) A. Weberbauer var. canescens (A. Gray) W. Trelease): Abrojo, Bachata, Barbachatas, Clepe, Garrapata, Garumbullo, Gray-leaved Abrojo, Gray-thorn, Greythorn, Gumdrop Tree, Lotebush, Palo Blanco, Southwestern Condalia, White Crucillo (terrestrial perennial shrub or small tree (to 10 feet high); within range reported from mesas, gravelly slopes, gravelly bajadas, plains, gravelly flats, along washes and streambeds and bottomlands 1,000 to 5,000 feet elevation; useful as an ornamental)
Simmondsiaceae: The Jojoba Family
Simmondsia chinensis (J.H. Link) C.K. Schneider: Coffee Berry, Coffee Bush, Deernut, Goat Nut, Goatnut, Gray Box Bush, Jojoba, Pignut, Quinine Plant, Sheepnut, Wild Hazel (terrestrial perennial evergreen shrub (3 to 6 feet high); within range reported from canyons, rocky slopes, hillsides, bajadas and along washes 1,000 to 5,000 feet elevation; useful as an ornamental; important browse plant for wildlife including deer and bighorn sheep)
Solanaceae: The Potato Family
Lycium andersonii A. Gray: Anderson Desert Thorn, Anderson Lycium, Anderson Thornbush, Barchata, Narrowleaf Wolfberry, Tomatillo, Water Jacket, Wolfberry (terrestrial perennial deciduous shrub (3 to 10 feet high); within range reported from mesas, rocky slopes, foothills, gravelly flats, roadsides and along washes below 5,500 feet elevation; useful as an ornamental)
Lycium berlandieri M.F. Dunal: Berlandier Lycium, Berlandier’s Wolfberry, Terrac Wolfberry (terrestrial perennial deciduous shrub (3 to 8 feet high); within range reported from rocky slopes, rocky foothills, bajadas, gravelly flats and alluvial plains 2,000 to 3,000 feet elevation; useful as an ornamental)
ANIMALS
BIRDS
Columbidae: Doves and Pigeons
Zenaida macroura (Linnaeus) (Zenaidura macroura (Linnaeus)): Hohhi (Tohono O’odham), Huilota (Hispanic), Paloma Triste (Hispanic), Mourning Dove, Turtle Dove, Wild Dove (feeds on fruit, insects and seeds; nests are loose twig platforms located in cacti, shrubs trees and on the ground)
INSECTS
Hymenoptera: Ants, Bees, Sawflies, Wasps and Others
Apidae: Honeybees
Apis mellifera Linnaeus: African Honeybee, European Honeybee, Honeybee (found in bee boxes, buildings, water boxes and holes in ground, caves, cavities in saguaros, crevices, hollow trees logs. Introduced EXOTIC; domestic animal kept for crop pollination and for honey and beeswax production; feral honeybees, honeybees that have escaped and formed colonies in natural areas, may pose a threat to humans and wildlife)
MAMMALS
Bovidae: Cows, Sheep and Allies
Ovis canadensis Shaw: Berrego Cimarron (Hispanic), Bighorn, Bighorn Sheep, Desert Bighorn, Desert Bighorn Sheep, Mountain Sheep, Rocky Mountain Bighorn Sheep (feeds on agave, brittle bush, bursage, bush muhly, cacti, catclaw, cholla, coffeeberry, desert fluffgrass, desert ironwood, desert thorn, fairy duster; filaree, galleta, grama, jojoba, mesquite, mallow, Nevada joint fir, plantain, prickly-pear, ratany, ricegrass, saguaro, saltbush, threeawn and turpentine broom; found on rugged mountain pinnacles, ridges and slopes.
Leporidae: Hares and Rabbits
Lepus californicus Gray: Black-tailed Jack Rabbit, “Jackass Rabbit” (feeds on grass, mesquite leaves and prickly-pear cacti)
Tayassuidae: Javelina
Peccari tajacu Linnaeus (Tayassu tajacu): Collared Peccary, Jabalina (Hispanic), Javelina, Peccary (feeds on agaves, amphibians, berries, bulbs, fungi, grass, insects, mesquite beans, nuts, succulent plants, prickly-pear and other cacti, reptiles, rodents, roots, sotol, tubers and worms; they bed down during the day in thick brush and prickly-pear thickets)
(1) National Geographic
(2) Walker, Henry P. and Don
Bufkin. 1979. Historical Atlas of
(3)
(4) Brown, David E., Biotic Communities of the American Southwest – United States and Mexico, Desert Plants, Volume 4, Numbers 1-4, Published by the University of Arizona for the Boyce Thompson Southwestern Arboretum, 1982, and associated map: Brown, David E. and Charles H. Lowe, Biotic Communities of the Southwest, August 1980, General Technical Report RM-78, United Stated Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Forest and Range Experiment Station, Revised June 1983
(5) Nomenclature generally
follows that presented by The Biota of North America Program of the North
Carolina Botanical Garden (BONAP) with A Synonymized
Checklist of the Vascular Flora of the
http://www.csdl.tamu.edu/FLORA/b98/check98.htm
(6) Growth habits generally
coincide with that given by the National Plants Database. Common names
identified in the database have been printed in bold lettering: USDA, NRCS.
2004. The PLANTS Database, Version 3.5 (http://plants.usda.gov).
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