October 17, 2005 Update

 

 

TOWNSHIP 11 SOUTH, RANGE 08 EAST, PIMA COUNTY, ARIZONA

Gila and Salt River Baseline and Meridian

 

 

Major Contributors and Sources: The major portion of the animals and plants included in this listing came from the following publication: Vascular Plants of Ragged Top, compiled by John F. Wiens from 1987 - 2000, The Arizona Native Plant Society, Plant Press, Volume 25 Number 1, Spring 2001. William T. Kendall. Special Status Species Reports - Arizona Game and Fish Department, Heritage Data Management System.

 

 

Species Distribution Lists are being developed to encourage and promote the conservation of local native animals and plants. They are developed for legally defined geographic areas, and larger bodies of water. They are provided to environmental consultants, property owners, and government agencies interested in promoting conservation. Listings include species reported as having been observed in or reported from the described area.

 

Due to continuing additions and corrections the listings should be considered a work in progress. Species once reported as having occurred within the described area, but that no longer occurs there are shown are having been EXTIRPATED. This list includes species that are not native to Arizona (EXOTIC). Exotic plants are not recommended for use in landscaping or restoration projects. Disjunct species, outliers and plants on the edge of the main population, as observed by the surveyor, are noted as being PERIPHERAL PLANT(S). Landscaped plants are not included in the lists unless they have become naturalized in the surrounding native environment.

 

Local native vegetation is recommended for use in landscaping and restoration projects. To determine what could be considered as local native vegetation look at both the project township and the eight contiguous townships for plants of similar habitat and elevation. Plants should be planted in their approximate original habitat and density. Use of native plants encourages native animals to remain in the area and helps to retain the areas natural beauty, unique identity and heritage.

 

Appreciation is expressed to the officers and staff of the Arizona Department of Agriculture, the Arizona Game and Fish Department, Pima County and local government offices for the protection provided to our native animals and plants.

 

Species Distribution Lists are periodically updated and revised. These listings have been created and maintained by William T. Kendall. Comments, the reporting of corrections, the reporting of unrecorded species in townships and the reporting of information relating to the historical distribution of species would be greatly appreciated, and may be sent by mail to: Kendall Environmental Surveys, P.O. Box 87967, Tucson, Arizona 85754-7967, or E-mail to: KendallEnvironmentalSurveys@msn.com.

 

 

DISCLAIMER: The information presented as township notes has been obtained from large scale mapping and should be used only as a general guide. Information used in these lists is accepted from biologists and individuals interested in helping to promote the conservation of our natural resources. Mistakes are made in the identification of species and in the recording of information, and changes in nomenclature occur. For these reasons I can not and do not warrant the accuracy of these listings.

 

 

CAUTION: Many native desert plants have sharp thorns and spines. Care should be given when handling them and consideration should be given to public safety at the site where they are to be planted.

 

 

Township Notes

 

Location: This township is located in north-central Pima County in south-central Arizona. This township is bounded on the north by the Pima / Pinal County Line. Portions of this township are located within the Ironwood Forest National Monument.

 

Landmarks: The northern portion of the Silver Bell Mountains is located in the south half of this township. The southwest end of the Samaniego Hills is located in the northeast corner of the township. Named peaks in the township include: Jesuit Hill, Malpais Hill (2,682 feet, Quartzite Peak, Ragged Top (3,907 feet) and Wolcott Peak (3,327 feet). Named washes include the El Tiro Wash and Silver Bell Wash.

 

Elevation: Elevations range from approximately 1,825 feet at the northwest corner to 3,907 feet at Ragged Top located in the southeast quarter (1).

 

 

 

This photograph was taken looking southeast toward Ragged Top. A few of the plants reported from this township that might be useful in landscaping and restoration include Saguaro (Carnegiea gigantea), Ocotillo (Fouquieria splendens), Blue Paloverde (Parkinsonia florida), Desert Ironwood (Olneya tesota), Sonora Rosewood (Vauquelinia californica subsp. sonorensis), Foothill Paloverde (Parkinsonia microphylla), Catclaw Acacia (Acacia greggii var. greggii), Desert Hackberry (Celtis pallida), Rosary Babybonnets (Coursetia glandulosa), Chain-fruit Cholla (Opuntia fulgida var. fulgida), Fishhook Barrel Cactus (Ferocactus wislizeni), Kearney Condalia (Condalia warnockii), Desert Lavender (Hyptis emoryi), Whitethorn Acacia (Acacia constricta), Greythorn (Ziziphus obtusifolia var. canescens), Creosote Bush (Larrea tridentata var. tridentata), Desert Honeysuckle (Anisacanthus thurberi), Arizona Yucca (Yucca baccata var. brevifolia), Jojoba (Simmondsia chinensis), Ragged Rockflower (Crossosoma bigelovii), Pancake Pricklypear Cactus (Opuntia chlorotica), Limber Bush (Jatropha cardiophylla), Four-wing Saltbush (Atriplex canescens var. canescens), Wright Sacaton (Sporobolus wrightii), Wright Beebrush (Aloysia wrightii), Desert Pricklypear Cactus (Opuntia engelmannii var. engelmannii), Arizona Cottontop (Digitaria californica), Pipevine Flower (Aristolochia watsoni), Pineneedle Milkweed (Asclepias linaria), Canyon Ragweed (Ambrosia ambrosioides), Sand Dropseed (Sporobolus cryptandrus), Parry Penstemon (Penstemon parryi), Sideoats Grama (Bouteloua curtipendula), White Brittlebush (Encelia farinosa), Tanglehead (Heteropogon contortus), Plains Bristlegrass (Setaria vulpiseta), Triangleleaf Bursage (Ambrosia deltoidea), White Bursage (Ambrosia dumosa), Brownfoot (Acourtia wrightii),  Burroweed (Isocoma tenuisecta), American Treefold (Trixis californica), Cooper Paperflower (Psilostrophe cooperi), Fairy Duster (Calliandra eriophylla var. eriophylla), Coulter Hibiscus (Hibiscus coulteri), Nichol Hedgehog Cactus (Echinocereus nicholii), Bare-stem Larkspur (Delphinium scaposum), Rock Hibiscus (Hibiscus denudatus), Wright Buckwheat (Eriogonum wrightii), Bundle Hedgehog Cactus (Echinocereus fendleri (G. Engelmann) F. Seitz var. fasciculatus), Fingerleaf Gourd (Cucurbita digitata), Desert Onion (Allium macropetalum), Yellow Menodora (Menodora scabra), Bluedicks (Dichelostemma capitatum subsp. pauciflorum), Desert Senna (Senna covesii), Slender Janusia (Janusia gracilis), Climbing Plumbago (Plumbago scandens), Common Dogweed (Thymophylla pentachaeta var. pentachaeta), Deseret Zinnia (Zinnia acerosa), Desert Mariposa Lily (Calochortus kennedyi), Woody Crinklemat (Tiquilia canescens var. canescens), Southwestern Mock Vervain (Glandularia gooddingii), Summer Poppy (Kallstroemia grandiflora), Desert Unicorn-plant (Proboscidea althaeifolia), Graham Pincushion Cactus (Mammillaria grahamii var. grahamii), Desert Fluffgrass (Dasyochloa pulchella), Desert Holly (Acourtia nana) and Desert Windflower (Anemone tuberosa var. tuberosa). WTK May 2005

 

 

Physiographic Province:  This township is located within the Sonoran Desert Section of the Basin and Range Physiographic Province (2).

 

Soil: Soils are described as hyperthermic (very hot) arid soils of the Gilman-Antho-Valencia Association (deep soils on floodplains and alluvial fans), Gunsight-Rillito-Harqua Association (deep, gravelly, calcareous soils on the upper slopes) and the Rock Outcrop-Lomitas-Cherioni Association (rock outcrops and very shallow, and shallow soils on low hills and mountains), and thermic (hot) arid and semi arid soils of the Pinaleno-Nickel-Palos Verdes Association (deep, arid, gravelly soils on deeply dissected uplands) and the Rock Outcrop-Lampshire-Cellar Association (rock outcrop and very shallow and shallow semiarid soils of the mountains and foothills) (3).

 

Biotic Community: This township is located within the Arizona Upland Subdivision of the Sonoran Desertscrub Regional Formation of the Desertscrub Formation with associated Wetlands (4).

 

 

Maps created with TOPO! R C 2002 National Geographic

 

Map of Township Showing Adjacent Sections

 

 

The ARIZONA NATIVE PLANT SOCIETY

 

The ARIZONA NATIVE PLANT SOCIETY is a statewide nonprofit organization devoted to Arizona's native plants. Its mission is to promote knowledge, appreciation, conservation, and restoration of Arizona native plants and their habitats. They work with the Southwest Rare Plant Task Force to develop strategies for protecting rare species and their habitats; they keep abreast of conservation issues concerning native plants species and responds to those through their Conservation Committee; they promote the use of native species in residential and commercial landscapes; they publish the Plant Press, support the publication of scholarly works and maintains a website with information and links about native plant, and they host a series of statewide events that provide forums to learn from professionals. Member activities and benefits include chapter and statewide gatherings; field trips and educational presentations; conservation through education, outreach and restoration; habitat restoration projects; informative website, newsletters and journals, and interactions with plant experts and enthusiasts. Contact: Arizona Native Plant Society, PO Box 41206, Tucson, Arizona 85717.

http://aznps.org/

 

 

The DESERT SURVIVORS NATIVE PLANT NURSERY

 

The DESERT SURVIVORS NATIVE PLANT NURSERY sells many local native plants and is willing to consider growing any native plant for which there is a buyer. Contact: Desert Survivors Native Plant Nursery, 1020 West Starr Pass Boulevard, Tucson, Arizona 85713, 520-791-9309.

http://www.desertsurvivors.org/nursery.asp

 

 

The TUCSON CACTUS AND SUCCULENT SOCIETY

 

The TUCSON CACTUS AND SUCCULENT SOCIETY is a non-profit organization dedicated to educating, teaching and learning about cacti and succulent plants. Their monthly programs feature knowledgeable individuals who can educate you and help you understand more about these fascinating plants. They conduct and sponsor native cactus and succulent rescue operations, plant sales, field trips, nursery and garden visits, conventions and conferences as well as other activities throughout the year. 

 

NATIVE PLANT RESCUE NOTE

(The Tucson Cactus and Succulent Society puts a tremendous amount of time and effort  into the

organizing and overseeing of their rescue events. The native plant rescues carried out by the dedicated

members of the Society provides an immeasurable service to our community.)

 

The TUCSON CACTUS AND SUCCULENT SOCIETY organizes native plant rescues in areas being cleared for development. If interested in rescuing plants and/or obtaining local native plants for your landscaping or restoration project join the Society and become a rescue crew member.

 

Contact: Tucson Cactus and Succulent Society, PO Box 64759, Tucson, Arizona 85728-4759, 520-885-6367.

http://www.tucsoncactus.org/

 

 

 

PLANTS

 

Acanthaceae: The Acanthus Family

 

Anisacanthus thurberi (J. Torrey) A. Gray (5): Anisacanthus, Chuparosa, Colegayo, Desert Honeysuckle, Thurber Anisacanthus, Thurber’s Desert-honeysuckle (terrestrial perennial shrub (to 8 feet high) (6); within range reported from canyon bottoms and along washes and streambeds 2,500 to 5,500 feet elevation; useful as an ornamental; this plant is browsed by wildlife; the flowers are pollinated by hummingbirds)

 

Carlowrightia arizonica A. Gray: Arizona Carlowrightia, Arizona Wrightwort, Lemilla, Rama de Toro, Wrightwort (terrestrial annual or perennial herb or subshrub; within range reported from rocky slopes and along washes 2,500 to 4,000 feet elevation)

 

Justicia californica (G. Bentham) D. Gibson (Beloperone californica G. Bentham): Beloperone, California Beloperone, California Justicia, Chuparosa, Desert Hummingbird Bush, Honeysuckle, Hummingbird-bush, Water-willow (terrestrial perennial subshrub or shrub (to 6 feet high); within range reported from rocky slopes and along washes and watercourses 1,000 to 4,000 feet elevation; useful as an ornamental; the nectar-rich flowers are pollinated by hummingbirds and eaten by linnets and sparrows)

 

Siphonoglossa longiflora (J. Torrey) A. Gray (Justicia longii R.A. Hilsenbeck): Long-flowered Justicia, Longflowered Tubetongue, Tubetongue, White Needle Flower (terrestrial perennial herb or subshrub; within range reported from canyons and rocky slopes 3,000 to 4,000 feet elevation; this plant is browsed by wildlife)

 

Agavaceae: The Century-plant Family

 

Yucca baccata J. Torrey var. brevifolia (H.W. Schott ex J. Torrey) L. Benson & R.A. Darrow (Yucca arizonica S.A. McKelvey, Yucca thornberi S.A. McKelvey): Arizona Yucca, Banana Yucca, Datil, Palma Criolla, Spanish Dagger, Thornber Yucca (terrestrial perennial evergreen herb, subshrub or shrub (under 7 feet high with a flowering stalk reaching to 5 feet in height); within range reported from mesas, canyons, slopes, hills, bajadas, plains, gravelly flats, valleys and along washes and arroyos 3,000 to 5,000 feet elevation; useful as an ornamental)

 

Amaranthaceae: The Amaranth Family

 

Amaranthus albus C. Linnaeus (Amaranthus graecizans auct. non C. Linnaeus): Cochino, Prostrate Amaranth, Prostrate Pigweed, Quelite Manchado, Stiff Tumbleweed, Tumbleweed, Tumbleweed Amaranth, Tumble Pigweed, White Amaranth, White Pigweed  (terrestrial long lived annual herb; within range reported from roadsides and disturbed areas 1,500 to 8,000 feet elevation. EXOTIC Invasive Plant)

 

Amaranthus fimbriatus (J. Torrey) G. Bentham ex S. Watson: Bledo, Fringed Amaranth, Fringed Pigweed, Quelite, Quelitillo, Toothed Amaranth (terrestrial summer annual herb; within range reported from canyons, rocky slopes, sandy flats and washes below 4,000 feet elevation)

 

Amaranthus palmeri S. Watson: Bledo, Carelessweed, Palmer Amaranth, Palmer Pigweed, Pigweed, Red-root Pigweed, Quelite, Quiltite de las Aguas (terrestrial annual herb; within range reported from rocky slopes, roadsides, along washes, floodplains and disturbed areas below 5,500 feet elevation)

 

Amaranthus tucsonensis J.S. Henrickson: Tucson Amaranth, Tucson Pigweed (terrestrial summer annual herb; within range reported from rocky slopes 2,600 to 4,700 feet elevation. Unable to locate in BONAP, or NRCS Plants Database)

 

Tidestromia lanuginosa (T. Nuttall) P.C. Standley: Espanta Vaqueras, Herba Lanuda, Hierba Ceniza, Honeysweet, Woolly Honeysweet, Woolly Tidestromia (terrestrial summer annual herb; within range reported from canyons, rocky slopes, flats, along washes, floodplains and disturbed areas below 5,500 feet elevation)

 

Apiaceae: The Carrot Family

(Umbelliferae: The Parsley Family)

 

Bowlesia incana H. Ruiz Lopez & J.A. Pavon: American Bowlesia, Hairy Bowlesia, Hoary Bowlesia (terrestrial winter annual herb; within range reported from mesas, canyons, rocky slopes, gravelly flats, along washes and disturbed areas 1,000 to 3,500 feet elevation)

 

Daucus pusillus A. Michaux: American Carrot, American Wild Carrot, Rattlesnake Weed, Southwestern Carrot, Wild Carrot, Zanahoria Silvestre (terrestrial winter annual herb; within range reported from rocky and gravelly slopes, bajadas, gravelly flats, roadsides, washes and floodplains below 4,000 feet elevation)

 

Spermolepis echinata (T. Nuttall ex A.P. de Condolle) A.A. Heller: Beggar’s Lice, Bristly Scaleseed, Scaleseed (terrestrial winter annual herb; within range reported from canyons, rocky slopes, gravelly bajadas, gravelly flats, roadsides and along washes 1,000 to 5,000 feet elevation)

 

Yabea microcarpa (W.J. Hooker & G.A Arnott) B.M. Koso-Poljansky (Caucalis microcarpa W.J. Hooker & G.A. Arnott): California Hedge Parsley, False Carrot, Hedge Parsley, Wild Parsley (terrestrial annual herb; within range reported from rocky and gravelly slopes and gravelly flats below 4,500 feet elevation)

 

Apocynacaeae: The Dogbane Family

 

Haplophyton crooksii (L. Benson) L. Benson (Haplophyton cimcidium auct. non A.L. de Candolle, Haplophyton cimcidium var. crooksii L. Benson): Actimpatli, Atempatli, Arizona Cockroach Plant, Cockroach-plant, Crooks Cockroachplant, Hierba-de-la-cucuracha (terrestrial subshrub; within range reported from canyons and rocky slopes 2,000 to 4,500 feet elevation)

 

Aristolochiaceae: The Birthwort Family

 

Aristolochia watsoni E.O. Wooton & P.C. Standley: Dutchman’s Pipevine, Hierba del Indio, Indian-root, Pipevine Flower, Raiz del Indio, Watson’s Dutchman’s Pipe, Watson Indian Root (terrestrial perennial herbaceous vine; within range reported from rocky slopes, bajadas, gravelly flats, along washes, floodplains and disturbed areas 2,000 to 4,500 feet elevation)

 

Asclepiadaceae: The Milkweed Family

 

Asclepias linaria A.J. Cavanilles: Hierba de Cuervo, Pineneedle Milkweed (terrestrial perennial subshrub or shrub (to 5 feet high); within range reported from mesas and rocky slopes 1,500 to 6,000 feet elevation; useful as an ornamental)

 

Asclepias nyctaginifolia A. Gray: Four O’clock Milkweed, Hierba Lechosa, Mojave Milkweed (terrestrial perennial herb; within range reported from mesas, gravelly slopes, plains, along washes and disturbed areas 1,500 to 5,000 feet elevation)

 

Cynanchum arizonicum (A. Gray) L.H. Shinners (Metastelma arizonicum A. Gray): Arizona Smallwort, Arizona Swallow-wort, Milkweed Vine (terrestrial perennial herb, subshrub or vine; within range reported from rocky slopes and along washes 1,500 to 4,000 feet elevation)

 

Funastrum cynanchoides (J. Decaisne) F.R. Schlechter subsp. heterophyllum (A.M. Vail) J.T. Kartesz (Funastrum heterophyllum (G. Engelmann) P.C. Standley, Sarcostemma cynanchoides J. Decaisne subsp. hartwegii (A.M. Vail) L.H. Shinners): Climbing Milkweed, Guirote Lechosa, Hartweg Climbing Milkweed, Hartweg’s Twinevine (terrestrial perennial herb or vine; within range reported from canyons and along washes below 5,500 feet elevation)

 

Matelea arizonica (A. Gray) L.H. Shinners (Lachnostoma arizonicum A. Gray): Arizona Milkvine (terrestrial perennial herb or vine; within range reported from canyons and along washes and streams 3,500 to 4,500 feet elevation)

 

Matelea parvifolia (J. Torrey) R.E. Woodson (Gonolobus parvifolius J. Torrey): Anglepod, Little Leaf Milk Vine, Milkweed Vine, Small-leaved Milkvine, Spearleaf (terrestrial perennial vine, subshrub or shrub; within range reported from mesas, rocky slopes and gravelly flats 2,000 to 5,000 feet elevation)

 

Asteraceae: The Aster Family

(Compositae: The Sunflower Family)

 

Acourtia nana (A. Gray) J.L. Reveal & G. King (Perezia nana A. Gray): Desert Holly, Dwarf Desertpeony (terrestrial perennial herb; within range reported from mesas, bajadas, slopes and gravelly flats below 6,000 feet elevation; useful as an ornamental)

 

Acourtia wrightii (A. Gray) J.L. Reveal & G. King (Perezia wrightii A. Gray): Brownfoot, Desert Holly, Perezia, Pink Perezia (terrestrial perennial herb; within range reported from canyons, rocky slopes, foothills, gravelly bajadas and flats below 6,000 feet elevation; useful as an ornamental)

 

Adenophyllum porophylloides (A. Gray) J.L. Strother (Dyssodia porophylloides A. Gray): San Felipe Adenophyllum, San Felipe Dogweed, San Felipe Dyssodia, San Felipe Fetid Marigold (terrestrial perennial subshrub or shrub (to 2 feet high); within range reported from mesas, rocky slopes, hills, bajadas, gravelly flats and washes below 4,000 feet elevation; useful as an ornamental)

 

Ambrosia ambrosioides (A.J. Cavanilles) F.W. Payne (Franseria ambrosioides A.J. Cavanilles): Ambrosia Leaf Burr Ragweed, Canyon Ragweed, Chicura, Leaf Burr Ragweed (terrestrial perennial subshrub or shrub (under 4 feet high); within range reported from canyon bottoms, rocky slopes, rock crevices, roadsides, washes and streambeds below 4,500 feet elevation)

 

Ambrosia confertiflora A.P. de Condolle (Franseria confertiflora (A.P. de Condolle) P.A. Rydberg): Altamisa de Playa, Bursage Ragweed, Estafiate, Field Ragweed, Slimleaf Bursage, Weakleaf Burr Ragweed, Weak-leaved Burweed (terrestrial perennial herb; within range reported from mesas, slopes, roadsides, washes, floodplains and disturbed areas 1,000 to 6,500 feet elevation)

 

Ambrosia deltoidea (J. Torrey) F.W. Payne (Franseria deltoidea J. Torrey): Burrobush, Bursage, Chamizo Forrajero, Chicurilla, Rabbit Bush, Triangle Burr Ragweed, Triangle-leaf Bursage, Triangle-leaf Burr Ragweed (terrestrial evergreen perennial subshrub or shrub (to 2 feet high); within range reported from mesas, rocky slopes, bajadas, gravelly flats and washes 1,000 to 3,000 feet elevation; useful as an ornamental)

 

Ambrosia dumosa (A. Gray) F.W. Payne (Franseria dumosa A. Gray): Burrobush, Burro Weed, Chamizo, Chicurilla, Hierba del Burro, White Bursage, White Burrobush (terrestrial perennial subshrub or shrub (to 2 feet high); within range reported from mesas, rocky slopes, hills, bajadas, dunes and gravelly flats below 3,000 feet elevation; ,useful as an ornamental)

 

Antheropeas lanosum (A. Gray) P.A. Rydberg (Eriophyllum lanosum (A. Gray) A. Gray): White Easterbonnets, Woolly Daisy, Woolly Eriophyllum (terrestrial annual herb; within range reported from mesas, rocky slopes, bajadas and rocky and gravelly flats 1,000 to 3,000 feet elevation)

 

Baccharis sarothroides A. Gray: Amargo, Broom Baccharis, Desert Broom, Desertbroom, Escoba, Hierba del Pasmo, Mexican Broom, Romerillo, Rosin Brush (terrestrial perennial shrub (to 10 feet high); within range reported from hills, flats, roadsides, along washes and streambeds, floodplains, bottom lands and disturbed areas 1,000 to 5,500 feet elevation; useful as an ornamental, consider planting male plants only to eliminate seed production)

 

Baileya multiradiata W.H. Harvey & A. Gray ex A. Gray: Baileya del Desierto, Desert Baileya, Desert Marigold, Hierba Amarilla, Many-flowered Desert-marigold, Paper Daisy, Wild Marigold (terrestrial annual, biennial or perennial herb; within range reported from mesas, bajadas, sandy gravelly flats, roadsides and washes below 5,000 feet elevation; useful as an ornamental)

 

Bebbia juncea (G. Bentham) E.L. Greene: Chuckwalla Delight, Junco, Sweetbush (terrestrial perennial subshrub or shrub (to 4 feet high); within range reported from canyons, rocky slopes, bajadas, gravelly flats, roadsides and along sandy washes below 4,000 feet elevation)

 

Brickellia baccharidea A. Gray: Brickellbush, Resinleaf Brickellbush (terrestrial perennial subshrub or shrub (to 3 feet high); within range reported from rocky slopes and boulder crevices often on limestone 500 to 5,500 feet elevation)

 

Brickellia californica (J. Torrey & A. Gray) A. Gray: Brickellbush, California Brickellbush, Pachaba (terrestrial perennial subshrub or shrub (to 5 feet high); within range reported from canyons, cliffs, rocky slopes and flats and along washes 3,000 to 7,500 feet elevation)

 

Brickellia coulteri A. Gray: Brickellbush, Coulter’s Brickellbush (terrestrial perennial subshrub or shrub (to 3 feet high); within range reported from canyons, rocky slopes, floodplains and along washes and streambeds below 4,500 feet elevation)

 

Chaenactis carphoclinia A. Gray: Broadleaved Chaenactis, False Yarrow, Pebble False-yarrow, Pebble Pincushion, Pincushion Flower (terrestrial winter annual herb; within range reported from mesas, plains and along washes below 3,000 feet elevation)

 

Chaenactis stevioides W.J. Hooker & G.A. Arnott: Broad-leaved Chaenactis, Desert Pincushion, Esteve False-yarrow, Esteve Pincushion, Pincushion Flower, Steve’s Dustymaiden (terrestrial winter annual herb; within range reported from mesas, rocky slopes, bajadas, plains, gravelly flats and along washes 1,000 to 6,500 feet elevation)

 

Encelia farinosa A. Gray ex J. Torrey: Brittlebush, Button Brittlebush, Goldenhills, Hierba Cenisa, Hierba de Gusano, Hierba de las Animas, Hierba del Vaso, Incienso, Rama Blanca, White Brittlebush (terrestrial perennial subshrub or shrub (to 3 feet high); within range reported from mesas, rocky slopes, bajadas, flats and washes below 3,000 feet elevation; useful as an ornamental)

 

Ericameria cuneata (A. Gray) A.J. McClatchie var. spathulata (A. Gray) W. Hall (Haplopappus cuneatus A. Gray var. spathulatus (A. Gray) J. Blake ex P.A. Munz): Cliff Goldenbush, Desert Rock Goldenbush (terrestrial perennial subshrub or shrub (to 2 feet high); within range reported from rocky ledges and crevices in boulders 3,000 to 7,000 feet elevation)

 

Ericameria laricifolia (A. Gray) L.H. Shinners (Haplopappus (Aplopappus) laricifolius A. Gray): Larch-leaf Goldenweed, Turpentine Bush, Turpentine Brush (terrestrial perennial subshrub or shrub (to 3 feet high); within range reported from canyons, mesas, rocky slopes and flats 3,000 to 6,000 feet elevation; useful as an ornamental)

 

Erigeron divergens J. Torrey & A. Gray: Diffuse Daisy, Fleabane, Fleabane Daisy, Green Rabbit Bush, Spreading Fleabane (terrestrial long lived annual or biennial herb; within range reported from mesas, rocky slopes, bajadas, gravelly flats, roadsides, along washes and floodplains 1,000 to 9,000 feet elevation)

 

Erigeron lobatus A. Nelson: Desert Fleabane, Fleabanne, Lobed Fleabane (terrestrial annual or biennial herb; within range reported from mesas, rocky slopes, plains and along washes 1,500 to 3,000 feet elevation)

 

Eupatorium solidaginifolium A. Gray (Koanophyllon solidaginifolium (A. Gray) G. King & H.E. Robbins): Boneset, Shrubby Thoroughwort (terrestrial perennial subshrub or shrub; within range reported from rocky canyons and rocky slopes 3,000 to 5,000 feet elevation)

 

Filago arizonica A. Gray: Arizona Cottonrose, Arizona Filago, Arizona Fluffweed, Arizona Herba Impia (terrestrial winter annual herb; within range reported from canyons, rocky slopes, ridges and rocky and gravelly flats 1,000 to 2,500 feet elevation)

 

Filago californica T. Nuttall: California Cottonrose, California Filago, California Fluffweed, Herba Impia (terrestrial winter annual herb; within range reported from rocky slopes, hills and along washes 500 to 7,000 feet elevation)

 

Filago depressa A. Gray: Dwarf Cottonrose, Dwarf Filago (terrestrial annual herb; within range reported from gravelly slopes, gravelly flats and along washes 2,000 to 3,500 feet elevation)

 

Gutierrezia microcephala (A.P. de Condolle) A. Gray: Sticky Snakeweed, Threadleaf Snakeweed, Three-leaf Snakeweed (terrestrial perennial herb, subshrub or shrub (to 2 feet high); within range reported from rocky slopes, hills, bajadas, washes, floodplains and disturbed areas 3,500 to 6,500 feet elevation)

 

Gymnosperma glutinosum (C.P. Sprengel) C.F. Lessing (Selloa glutinosa C.P. Sprengel): Cola de Zorro, Escobilla, Glutinous Gymnosperma, Gumhead, Hierba Pegajosa, Jarilla, Jucu Ndede, Mariquita, Motita, Moto, Nakedseed Weed, Pegajosa, Tatalencho, Tata Lencho, Xonequilitl, Zazal (terrestrial perennial subshrub or shrub (to 4 feet high); within range reported from canyons, rocky slopes, hillsides, washes and streambeds 1,000 feet to 6,000 feet elevation)

 

Helianthus petiolaris T. Nuttall: Girasol, Narrowleaf Sunflower, Pikkuauringonkukka, Plains Sunflower, Prairie Sunflower, Sand Sunflower, Wild Sunflower (terrestrial long lived annual herb; within range reported from roadsides and floodplains 500 to 7,500 feet. EXOTIC Invasive Plant)

 

Heterotheca psammophila R. Wagenknecht (Heterotheca subaxillaris (J.B. de Lamarck) N.L. Britton & H.H. Rusby sensu T.H. Kearney & R.H. Peebles): Camphorweed, Golden Aster, Gordolobo, Telegraph Plant (terrestrial long lived annual herb; within range reported from roadsides, ditches, floodplains and disturbed areas 1,000 to 5,500 feet elevation)

 

Hymenoclea salsola J. Torrey & A. Gray ex A. Gray: Burrobrush, Cheeseweed, Jecota, Romerillo, White Burrobrush, White Cheesebush (terrestrial perennial shrub (to 3 feet high); within range reported from rocky slopes, flats, arroyos, sandy washes, streambeds. alluvial plains and disturbed areas below 4,000 feet elevation; useful as an ornamental)

 

Hymenothrix wislizeni A. Gray: Golden Ragweed, TransPecos Thimblehead, Wislizenus Beeflower (terrestrial annual or perennial herb; within range reported from mesas, slopes, gravelly flats, roadsides, washes and disturbed areas 2,500 to 5,500 feet elevation)

 

Isocoma tenuisecta E.L. Greene (Aplopappus tenuisectus (E.L. Greene) J. Blake, Haplopappus tenuisectus (E.L. Greene) J. Blake): Burroweed, Hierba del Burrow (terrestrial perennial herb, subshrub or shrub (to 3 feet high); within range reported from mesas, rocky slopes, bajadas, plains, gravelly flats, roadsides and disturbed areas 2,000 to 5,500 feet elevation; useful as an ornamental)

 

Lactuca serriola C. Linnaeus: China Lettuce, Compass Plant, Horse Thistle, Milk Thistle, Prickly Lettuce, Wild Lettuce, Wild Opium (terrestrial annual or biennial herb; within range reported from gravelly flats, roadsides, along washes, floodplains and waste land 1,000 to 7,000 feet elevation. EXOTIC Invasive Plant)

 

Machaeranthera pinnatifida (W.J. Hooker) L.H. Shinners subsp. pinnatifida var. pinnatifida (Aplopappus spinulosus (F.T. Pursh) A.P. de Condolle var. turbinellus (P.A. Rydberg) J. Blake), Haplopappus spinulosus (F.T. Pursh) A.P. de Condolle var. turbinellus (P.A. Rydberg) J. Blake): Cutleaf Ironplant Lacy Tansyaster, Spiny Haplopappus (terrestrial perennial herb, subshrub or shrub; within range reported from rocky slopes, gravelly bajadas, gravelly flats and disturbed areas below 5,000 feet elevation)

 

Malacothrix clevelandii A. Gray: Annual Malacothrix, Cleveland’s Desertdandelion, Cleveland Yellow Saucers (terrestrial winter annual herb; within range reported from canyons, rocky slopes, gravelly flats, washes and streams 2,500 to 4,500 feet elevation)

 

Malacothrix glabrata (A. Gray ex D.C. Eaton) A. Gray (Malacothrix californica var. glabrata A. Gray ex D.C. Eaton): California Desert-dandelion, Desert Dandelion, Smooth Desertdandelion (terrestrial winter annual herb; within range reported from mesas, rocky slopes, bajadas, plains, gravelly flats and washes below 7,000 feet elevation)

 

Matricaria discoidea A.P. de Condolle (Matricaria matricarioides (C.F. Lessing) T.C. Porter): Disc Mayweed, False Chamomile, Manzanilla, Pineapple Weed, Rayless Chamomile (terrestrial winter annual herb; within range reported from rocky slopes, roadsides, river bottoms, waste places and disturbed areas below 2,500 feet elevation. EXOTIC Invasive Plant)

 

Monoptilon bellioides (A. Gray) H.M. Hall: Desert Daisy, Mohave Desertstar, Rock Daisy (terrestrial winter annual herb; within range reported from mesas, rocky slopes, rocky and gravelly flats and along washes 200 to 3,500 feet elevation)

 

Pectis cylindrica (M.L. Fernald) P.A. Rydberg: Sonoran Cinchweed, Summer Mat (terrestrial annual herb; within range reported from mesas and plains 1,500 to 5,000 feet elevation)

 

Pectis papposa W.H. Harvey & A. Gray: Chinchweed, Chinchweed Fetidmarigold, Desert Chinchweed, Fetid Marigold, Limoncillo, Manybristle Chinchweed, Manzanilla de Coyote (terrestrial summer annual herb; within range reported from mesas, rocky slopes, bajadas, plains, gravelly flats, roadsides, streambeds and washes below 6,000 feet elevation)

 

Perityle emoryi J. Torrey: Desert Rock Daisy, Emory’s Rockdaisy, Emory Rocklily (terrestrial annual herb; within range reported from cliffs, rocky slopes, boulder crevices and washes below 3,000 feet elevation)

 

Porophyllum gracile G. Bentham: Deerweed, Hierba del Venado, Odora, Poreleaf, Slender Poreleaf (terrestrial perennial subshrub or shrub (to 2 feet high); within range reported from mesas, canyons, rocky slopes, hills, gravelly bajadas, gravelly flats and washes below 4,000 feet elevation)

 

Pseudognaphalium canescens (A.P. de Condolle) W.A. Weber subsp. canescens (Gnaphalium wrightii A. Gray): Everlasting, Gordolobo, Wright’s Cudweed (terrestrial annual, biennial or perennial herb; within range reported from rocky slopes and hills 3,500 to 7,000 feet elevation)

 

Psilostrophe cooperi (A. Gray) E.L. Greene: Cooper Paperflower, Paper Daisy, Paper Flower, Whitestem Paperflower, Yellow Paper Daisy (terrestrial perennial subshrub or shrub (to 2 feet high); within range reported from mesas, rocky slopes, bajadas, plains, gravelly flats and floodplains 2,000 to 5,000 feet; useful as an ornamental elevation)

 

Rafinesquia californica T. Nuttall: California Chicory, California Plumeseed (terrestrial annual herb; within range reported from rocky slopes and washes 3,000 to 4,500 feet elevation)

 

Rafinesquia neomexicana A. Gray: Desert Chicory, Desert Dandelion, Goatsbeard, New Mexico Plumeseed (terrestrial winter annual herb; within range reported from mesas, rocky slopes and plains 200 to 3,000 feet elevation)

 

Senecio flaccidus C.F. Lessing var. monoensis (E.L. Greene) B.L. Turner & T.M. Barkley (Senecio douglasii A.P. de Condolle var. monoensis (E.L. Greene) W.L. Jepson, Senecio monoensis E.L. Greene): Creek Senecio, Mono Groundsel, Mono Ragwort, Sand Wash Groundsel, Shrubby Ragwort, Threadleaf Groundsel, Threadleaf Ragwort (terrestrial perennial subshrub or shrub (to 5 feet high); within range reported from mesas, canyons, rocky slopes, bajadas, gravelly flats, roadsides, washes, floodplains and streambeds 1,000 to 6,000 feet elevation; useful as an ornamental)

 

Senecio lemmonii A. Gray: Groundsel; Lemmon Butterweed, Lemmon Groundsel, Lemmon’s Ragwort (terrestrial perennial herb, subshrub or shrub (to 3 feet high); within range reported from rocky slopes and along washes 1,500 to 3,500 feet elevation)

 

Silybum marianum (C. Linnaeus) J. Gaertner: Blessed Milkthistle, Milk Thistle (terrestrial annual or biennial herb within range reported from roadsides, irrigation ditches, waste places and disturbed areas. EXOTIC Invasive Plant)

 

Sonchus asper (C. Linnaeus) J. Hill: Achicoria Dulce, Cerraja, Chinita, Prickly Sowthistle, Rough Sowthistle, Sowthistle, Spinyleaf Sowthistle, Spiny Sowthistle (terrestrial long lived annual herb; within range reported from canyons, slopes, roadsides, washes, adjacent to wetlands and disturbed areas 150 to 8,000 feet elevation. EXOTIC Invasive Plant)

 

Sonchus oleraceus C. Linnaeus: Achicoria Dulce, Annual Sowthistle, Cerraja, Colewort, Common Sowthistle, Grespino Commune, Hare’s Lettuce, Kaalivalvatti, Milk Thistle, Smooth Sowthistle, Sowthistle (terrestrial long lived annual herb; within range reported from rocky slopes, gravelly flats, roadsides, along washes, floodplains, moist ground and disturbed areas 150 to 7,000 feet elevation. EXOTIC Invasive Plant)

 

Stephanomeria pauciflora (J. Torrey) A. Nelson: Brownplume Wirelettuce, Desert Straw, Small-flowered Wirelettuce (terrestrial perennial herb, subshrub or shrub (to 2 feet high); within range reported from mesas, rocky slopes, gravelly bajadas, plains, roadsides, along washes and floodplains 150 to 7,000 feet elevation)

 

Stylocline gnaphalioides T. Nuttall: Everlasting Neststraw, Mountain Neststraw (terrestrial annual herb; within range reported from hillsides and gravelly flats 500 to 4,500 feet elevation)

 

Stylocline micropoides A. Gray: Desert Neststraw, Woollyhead Fambract, Woollyhead Neststraw (terrestrial winter annual herb; within range reported from rocky slopes, rocky and gravelly flats and along washes 500 to 4,000 feet elevation)

 

Thymophylla pentachaeta (A.P. de Condolle) J.K. Small var. pentachaeta (Dyssodia pentachaeta (A.P. de Condolle) B.J Robinson): Common Dogweed, Dogweed, Fiveneedle Pricklyleaf, Golden Dogweed, Golden Dyssodia, Parralena, Parvialena, Scale Glandbush, Thurber Dyssodia (terrestrial perennial herb, subshrub or shrub (under 1 foot high); within range reported from mesas, rocky slopes, flats, roadsides and disturbed areas 2,500 to 4,500 feet elevation; useful as an ornamental; larval food plant of the Dainty Sulfur)

 

Trixis californica A. Kellogg: American Threefold, American Trixis, Arizona Green Plant, California Trixis (terrestrial perennial subshrub or shrub (to 3 feet high); within range reported from canyons, rocky slopes, among boulders and rocks, flats and along washes below 5,000 feet elevation; useful as an ornamental)

 

Uropappus linearifolius T. Nuttall (Microseris lindleyi (A.P. de Condolle) A. Gray, Microseris linearifolia (T. Nuttall) C.H. Schultz: Hierba de Pasmo, Lindley’s Silverpuffs, Linearleaf Microseris, Narrowleaf Microseris, Silver Puffs (terrestrial winter annual herb; within range reported from mesas, rocky slopes, bajadas, plains, roadsides and disturbed areas below 5,000 feet elevation)

 

Viguiera parishii E.L. Greene (Viguiera deltoidea A. Gray var. parishii (E.L. Greene) G. Vasey & J.N. Rose): Ariosa, Golden Eye, Parish’s Goldeneye (terrestrial long lived perennial subshrub or shrub (to 2 feet high); within range reported from mesas and rocky slopes below 3,500 feet elevation)

 

Zinnia acerosa (A.P. de Condolle) A. Gray (Zinnia pumila A. Gray): Desert Zinnia, Spinyleaf Zinnia, White Zinnia, Wild Zinnia (terrestrial perennial subshrub or shrub (under 1 foot high); within range reported from mesas, rocky slopes, gravelly bajadas, gravelly flats and floodplains 2,500 to 5,000 feet elevation; useful as an ornamental)

 

Boraginaceae: The Borage Family

 

Amsinckia menziesii (J.G. Lehmann) A. Nelson & J.F. Macbride var, intermedia (F.E. von Fischer & C.A. Mey) F.R. Ganders (Amsinckia echinata A. Gray, Amsinckia intermedia F.E. von Fischer & C.A. Mey, Amsinckia intermedia F.E. von Fischer & C.A. Mey var. echinata (A. Gray) I.L. Wiggins): Coast Fiddleneck, Common Fiddleneck, Fiddleneck, Devil’s Lettuce, Fiddleneck, Finger Weed, Kurttukeltalemmikki, Menzies Fiddleneck, Ranchers Fireweed, Sacoto Gordo, Tarweed, Yellow Burnweed, Yellow Burrweed, Yellow Forget Me Not, Yellow Tarweed (terrestrial winter annual herb; within range reported from rocky slopes, gravelly flats, roadsides and along washes below 5,000 feet elevation)

 

Amsinckia tessellata A. Gray: Bristly Fiddleneck, Checker Fiddleneck, Checkered Fiddleneck, Devil’s Lettuce, Tessellate Fiddle Neck, Western Fiddleneck (terrestrial winter annual herb; within range reported from gravelly flats, along sandy washes and disturbed areas)

 

Cryptantha angustifolia (J. Torrey) E.L. Greene: Bristlelobe Cryptantha, Cat’s-eye Panamint, Desert Cryptantha, Narrow-leaf Cryptantha, Narrow-leaved Forget-me-not, Narrow-leaved Nievitas, Narrow-leaved Popcorn Flower, Panamint Cryptantha, Peluda (terrestrial winter annual herb; within range reported from gravelly and sandy flats and along washes below 4,000 feet elevation)

 

Cryptantha barbigera (A. Gray) E.L. Greene: Bearded Cat’s-eye, Bearded Cryptantha, Bearded Forget-me-not, Bearded Nievitas, Peluda (terrestrial winter annual herb; within range reported from rocky slopes, gravelly and sandy flats and washes below 5,000 feet elevation)

 

Cryptantha decipiens (M.E. Jones) A.A. Heller: Forget-Me-Not, Gravel Cryptantha, Gravelbar Cryptantha, Gravel Nievitas, Peluda (terrestrial annual herb; within range reported from roadsides, along sandy washes and disturbed areas 2,000 to 4,000 feet elevation)

 

Cryptantha nevadensis A. Nelson & G.G. Kennedy: Nevada Cat’s-eye, Nevada Cryptantha, Nevada Nievitas, Peluda (terrestrial winter annual herb; within range reported from canyons, rocky slopes, sandy bajadas, gravelly flats and along washes below 4,000 feet elevation)

 

Cryptantha pterocarya (J. Torrey) E.L. Greene: Wing-fruited Forget-me-not, Wingnut Cat’s-eye, Wing-nut Cryptantha, Wingnut Nievitas, Peluda (terrestrial winter annual herb; within range reported from rocky and gravelly slopes and rocky and gravelly flats and along washes below 4,000 feet elevation)

 

Harpagonella palmeri A. Gray var. arizonica I.M. Johnston: Arizona Harpagonella, Arizona Grapplinghook, Grappling Hook, Palmer Grapplinghook (terrestrial winter annual herb; within range reported from rocky and gravelly slopes, bajadas, benches and gravelly flats below 3,500 feet elevation)

 

Lappula occidentalis (S. Watson) E.L. Greene var. occidentalis (Lappula redowski (J.W. Hornemann) E.L. Greene var. desertorum (E.L. Greene) I.M. Johnson, Lappula redowski (J.W. Hornemann) E.L. Greene var. redowski E.D. Hatch et all): Beggar’s Tick, Bluebur, Flatspine Stickseed, Redowski Stickseed, Stickseed (terrestrial winter annual or biennial herb; within range reported from rocky slopes, gravelly flats, roadsides, along washes and disturbed areas 1,000 to 8,500 feet elevation)

 

Pectocarya heterocarpa (I.M. Johnston) I.M. Johnston: Chuckwalla Combseed, Chuckwalla Pectocarya, Hairyleaf Combbur, Hairy-leaved Combbur, Mixed-nut Comb-bur (terrestrial annual herb; within range reported from gravelly slopes, flats, roadsides, washes and disturbed areas below 3,000 feet elevation)

 

Pectocarya platycarpa P.A. Munz & I.M. Johnston: Broadfruit Combseed, Broadnut Combbur, Broad-nutted Combbur, Broad-wing Comb-bur (terrestrial winter annual herb; within range reported from gravelly slopes, gravelly flats and disturbed areas below 5,000 feet elevation)

 

Pectocarya recurvata I.M. Johnston: Arched Bomb-bur, Archnut Combbur, Arch-nutted Combbur, Curvenut Combseed (terrestrial winter annual herb; within range reported from gravelly slopes, flats and disturbed areas below 5,000 feet elevation)

 

Plagiobothrys arizonicus (A. Gray) E.L. Greene ex A. Gray: Arizona Popcornflower, Bloodweed, Blood Weed (terrestrial winter annual herb; within range reported from rocky and gravelly slopes, gravelly flats, among rocks, washes, streambeds and disturbed areas below 5,000 feet elevation)

 

Tiquilia canescens (A.P. de Condolle) A. Richardson var. canescens (Coldenia canescens A.P. de Condolle): Crinkle Mats, Gray Coldenia, Hierba de la Virgin, Oreja de Perro, Shrubby Coldenia, Woody Crinklemat (terrestrial perennial subshrub or shrub (under 1 foot high); within range reported from mesas, gravelly bajadas, slopes, gravelly flats and dirt roads below 3,500 feet elevation; useful as an ornamental)

 

Brassicaceae (Cruciferae): The Mustard Family

 

Arabis perennans S. Watson: Perennial Rockcress, Rock Cress, Stiff-arm Rock Cress (terrestrial perennial herb, subshrub or shrub (to 2 feet high); within range reported from canyons, rocky and gravelly slopes, rock crevices and along washes 2,000 to 8,000 feet elevation)

 

Brassica tournefortii A. Gouan: African Mustard, Asian Mustard, Mostaza, Mostaza Africana, Mostaza del Sahara, Sahara Mustard, Wild Turnip (terrestrial annual herb; within range reported from rocky slopes, flats, roadsides and disturbed areas 2,100 to 4,300 feet elevation. EXOTIC Invasive Plant; poses a significant threat to native habitat)

 

Capsella bursa-pastoris (C. Linnaeus) F.K. Medikus: Bosa de Pastor, Paniquesillo, Shepherd’s Purse (terrestrial winter annual herb; within range reported from rocky slopes, flats, roadsides, disturbed areas and waste places below 8,000 feet elevation. EXOTIC Invasive Plant)

 

Descurainia pinnata (T. Walter) N.L. Britton: Green Tansy Mustard, Pamita, Pinnate Tansy Mustard, Sirolitutilli, Tansy Mustard, Western Tansymustard, Yellow Tansy Mustard (terrestrial winter annual or biennial herb; within range reported from rocky and gravelly slopes, bajadas, gravelly flats, along washes and floodplains below 7,000 feet elevation)

 

Draba cuneifolia T. Nuttall ex J Torrey & A. Gray var. cuneifolia: Gasa, Wedgeleaf Draba, Wedgeleaf Whitlow Grass, Whitlow-grass, Whitlow-wort (terrestrial winter annual herb; within range reported from rocky and gravelly slopes, bajadas, rocky and gravelly flats, seeps and along washes 1,000 to 7,000 feet elevation)

 

Guillenia lasiophylla (W.J. Hooker & G.A. Arnott) E.L. Greene (Caulanthus lasiophyllus (W.J. Hooker & G.W. Arnott) E.B. Paysonl, Thelypodium lasiophyllum (W.J. Hooker & G.W. Arnott) E.L. Greene): California Mustard, Cutleaf Thelypody, Wild Cabbage (terrestrial winter annual herb; within range reported from rocky slopes, bajadas, gravelly flats, along washes and floodplains below 3,500 feet elevation)

 

Lepidium lasiocarpum T. Nuttall var. wrightii (A. Gray) C.L. Hitchcock: Hairypod Lepidium, Lentejilla, Sand Peppergrass, Wright’s Pepperweed (terrestrial annual or biennial herb; within range reported from below 4,000 feet elevation)

 

Lesquerella gordonii (A. Gray) S. Watson: Arizona Bladderpod Mustard, Beanpod, Bladderpod Mustard, Gordon’s Bladderpod, Yellow Bladderpod (terrestrial winter annual herb; within range reported from mesas, canyons, rocky slopes, bajadas, plains, rocky and gravelly flats, along washes and floodplains below 5,000 feet elevation)

 

Lesquerella purpurea (A. Gray) S. Watson: Purple Bladderpod, Rose Bladderpod, White Bladderpod (terrestrial perennial herb; within range reported from canyons, rocky slopes and along washes 1,500 to 5,000 feet elevation)

 

Streptanthus carinatus C. Wright ex A. Gray: Lyreleaf Jewelflower, Lyreleaf Twistflower, Silver Bells (terrestrial winter annual or biennial herb; within range reported from rocky slopes, gravelly bajadas, gravelly flats and along washes 1,500 to 4,500 feet elevation)

 

Thysanocarpus curvipes W.J. Hooker (Thysanocarpus curvipes W.J. Hooker var. elegans (F.E. von Fischer & C.A. Mey) B.L. Robinson; Thysanocarpus amplectens E.L. Greene): Lace Pod, Lacepod, Sand Fringepod (terrestrial winter annual herb; within range reported from rocky slopes, meadows, flats, along washes and floodplains below 4,000 feet elevation)

 

Cactaceae: The Cactus Family

 

Carnegiea gigantea (G. Engelmann) N.L. Britton & J.N. Rose (Cereus giganteus G. Engelmann): Giant Cactus, Saguaro, Sahuaro (terrestrial perennial succulent tree (to 50  feet high or more); within range reported from canyon walls, rocky and gravelly slopes, ridges and foothills, rocky hill sides, bajadas, plains, gravelly flats, valleys and along washes and arroyos below 5,100 feet elevation; white-wing doves as well as other birds and animals feed on the saguaro seeds during fruiting season; Gila Woodpeckers and Gilded Flickers make holes in this plant for their nests which are later utilized by Elf Owls; useful as an ornamental)

 

Carnegiea gigantea (G. Engelmann) N.L. Britton & J.N. Rose (Carnegiea gigantea (G. Engelmann) N.L. Britton & J.N. Rose forma cristata, Cereus giganteus G. Engelmann forma cristata): Crested Saguaro, Fan Top Saguaro, Fishtail Saguaro, Saguaro - Crested Form (terrestrial perennial succulent tree (to 50 feet high or more); within range reported from canyon walls, rocky and gravelly slopes, ridges and foothills, rocky hill sides, bajadas, plains, gravelly flats, valleys and along washes and arroyos below 5,100 feet elevation; white-wing doves as well as other birds and animals feed on the saguaro seeds during fruiting season; Gila Woodpeckers and Gilded Flickers make holes in this plant for their nests which are later utilized by Elf Owls; useful as an ornamental)

 

Echinocactus horizonthalonius C. Lemaire var. nicholii L. Benson: Bisnaga Manca Caballo, Bisnaga Meloncillo, Blue Barrel, Devilshead, Eagle’s Claw, Manco Mula, Meloncillo, Nichol’s Echinocactus, Nichol Turk’s-head Cactus, Nichol Woolly-headed Cactus, Turk’s Head (terrestrial perennial succulent subshrub or shrub (under 2 feet high); within range reported from mountains, ridges, hills, bajadas, slopes and flats below 3600 feet elevation. PERIPHERAL PLANT(S))

 

Echinocereus engelmannii (C.C. Parry ex G. Engelmann) C. Lemaire var. acicularis L. Benson: Engelmann’s Hedgehog Cactus, Needle-spined Hedgehog Cactus, Strawberry Hedgehog Cactus (terrestrial perennial succulent subshrub or shrub (under 1 foot high); within range reported from rocky ridges, hills, slopes, plains, flats, valleys and along washes below 5,000 feet elevation; useful as an ornamental. PERIPHERAL PLANT(S))

 

Echinocereus fendleri (G. Engelmann) F. Seitz var. fasciculatus (G. Engelmann ex B.D. Jackson) N.P. Taylor (Echinocereus fasciculatus (G. Engelmann ex B.D. Jackson) L. Benson, Echinocereus fendleri (G. Engelmann) K.T. Rümpler var. robustus (R.H. Peebles) L. Benson, Mammillaria fasciculata G. Engelmann ex B.D. Jackson): Bundle Hedgehog Cactus, Pinkflower Hedgehog Cactus, Robust Hedgehog Cactus (terrestrial perennial succulent subshrub or shrub (under 2 feet high); within range reported from rocky slopes, hills, bajadas, gravelly flats, valleys and along washes 2,000 to 3,000 feet elevation; useful as an ornamental)

 

Echinocereus nicholii (L. Benson) E. Parfitt (Echinocereus engelmannii (C.C. Parry ex G. Engelmann) C. Lemaire var. nicholii L. Benson): Golden Hedgehog, Nichol’s Hedgehog Cactus (terrestrial perennial succulent subshrub or shrub (to 2 feet high; however, running stems up to 5 feet have been observed); within range reported from ridges, bajadas, slopes and flats below 5,000 feet elevation; useful as an ornamental)

 

Ferocactus wislizeni (G. Engelmann) N.L. Britton & J.N. Rose: Arizona Barrel Cactus, Barrel Cactus, Bisnaga, Biznaga, Biznaga de Agua, Biznagre, Candy Barrelcactus, Compass Barrel, Compass Plant, Fishhook Barrel Cactus, Southwest Barrel Cactus, Southwestern Barrel Cactus, Visnaga, Wislizenus Barrel, Yellow-spined Barrel Cactus (terrestrial perennial succulent subshrub, shrub or tree (to 11 feet high); within range reported from canyon walls, rocky slopes, hills, bajadas, plains, gravelly flats and along washes and arroyos below 4,500 feet elevation; useful as an ornamental)

 

Ferocactus wislizeni (G. Engelmann) N.L. Britton & J.N. Rose x Ferocactus cylindraceus (G. Engelmann) C.R. Orcutt: Barrel Ccactus (terrestrial perennial succulent subshrub, shrub, or tree)

 

Ferocactus wislizeni (G. Engelmann) N.L. Britton & J.N. Rose (Ferocactus wislizeni (G. Engelmann) N.L. Britton & J.N. Rose forma cristata): Bisnaga, Biznaga, Candy Barrelcactus - Crested Form, Crested Fishhook Barrel Cactus (terrestrial perennial succulent subshrub, shrub or tree (to 11 feet high); within range reported from canyon walls, rocky slopes, hills, bajadas, gravelly flats and along washes below 4,500 feet elevation)

 

Mammillaria grahamii G. Engelmann var. grahamii (Mammillaria microcarpa G. Engelmann): Arizona Fishhook Cabeza de Viejo Cekida, Cactus, Biznaguita, Fishhook Cactus, Graham Fishhook, Graham’s Nipple Cactus, Graham Pincushion Cactus, Lizard Catcher (terrestrial perennial succulent subshrub or shrub (under 6 inches high); within range reported from rocky slopes, rock outcrops, rocky hillsides, boulder crevices, gravelly flats, valleys and along washes below 4,500 feet elevation; useful as an ornamental)

 

Opuntia acanthocarpa G. Engelmann & J. Bigelow var. major (G. Engelmann & J. Bigelow) L. Benson (Opuntia acanthocarpa G. Engelmann & Bigelow var. ramosa Peebles): Buckhorn Cholla, Major Cholla (terrestrial perennial succulent treelike subshrub or shrub (to 5 feet high); within range reported from rocky slopes, bajadas, gravelly flats and along washes 500 to 3,500 feet elevation; useful as an ornamental)

 

Opuntia bigelovii G. Engelmann: Arizona Jumping Cactus, Ball Cholla, Cholla Guera, Jumping Cholla, Teddy Bear Cactus, Teddybear Cholla (terrestrial perennial succulent subshrub or shrub (to 9 feet high); within range reported from mountainsides, canyons, rocky slopes, talus slopes, hillsides, bajadas, plains, flats and along washes and arroyos below 3,000 feet elevation; useful as an ornamental)

 

Opuntia chlorotica G. Engelmann & J. Bigelow: Dollarjoint Pricklypear, Nopal, Nopal Rastrera, Pancake Pear, Pancake Prickly-pear, Silver-dollar Cactus, Smooth Clock-face Pricklypear (terrestrial perennial succulent subshrub or shrub (to 6 feet high); within range reported from mountains, canyons, ledges, rocky slopes, ridges, bajadas, hills, flats and valleys 2,000 to 6,000 feet elevation; useful as an ornamental)

 

Opuntia engelmannii J.F. Salm-Reifferscheid-Dyck var. engelmannii (Opuntia phaeacantha G. Engelmann var. discata (D. Griffiths) L. Benson & D.L. Walkington): Abrojo, Cactus Apple, Desert Pricklypear Cactus, Engelmann Pricklypear, Flaming Pricklypear, Joconostle, Nopal, Prickly Pear, Vela de Coyote (terrestrial perennial succulent subshrub or shrub (to 4 feet high); within range reported from canyon bottoms, rocky slopes, ridges, bajadas, slopes, benches, rocky and gravelly flats, valleys, and along washes, gullies and arroyos 1,000 to 6,500 feet elevation; useful as an ornamental; provides cover for many desert animals)

 

Opuntia engelmannii J.F. Salm-Reifferscheid-Dyck var. flavispina (L. Benson) E. Parfitt & D.J. Pinkava (Opuntia phaeacantha G. Engelmann var. flavispina L. Benson): Cactus Apple, Yellow-spined Pricklypear (terrestrial perennial succulent subshrub or shrub (to 3 feet high); within range reported from hills, bajadas, flats and along washes 1,000 to 6,500 feet elevation; useful as an ornamental; provides cover for many desert animals)

 

Opuntia fulgida G. Engelmann var. fulgida: Chain Cholla, Chain-fruit Cholla, Cholla, Cholla Brincadora, Choya, Jumping Cholla, Sonora Jumping Cholla, Velas de Ccoyote (terrestrial perennial succulent subshrub, shrub or tree (to 15 feet high); within range reported from mesas, rocky slopes, hills, bajadas, plains, gravelly flats, valleys and along washes below 4,000 feet elevation; useful as an ornamental)

 

Opuntia leptocaulis A.P. de Candolle: Agujilla, Christmas Cactus, Christmas Cholla, Darning Needle Cactus, Desert Christmas Cactus, Desert Christmas Cholla, Holycross Cholla, Pipestem Cactus, Rattail Cactus, Tajasilla, Tasajillo, Tesajo (terrestrial perennial succulent subshrub or shrub (to 3 feet high); within range reported from mesas, rocky slopes, bajadas, plains, gravelly flats, valleys, along washes and arroyos and bottomlands and floodplains 200 to 5,000 feet elevation; useful as an ornamental)

 

Opuntia macrocentra G. Engelmann var. macrocentra (Opuntia violacea G. Engelmann ex B.D. Jackson var. macrocentra (G. Engelmann) L. Benson; Opuntia violacea G. Engelmann ex B.D. Jackson var. violacea): Black-spined Pricklypear, Duranzilla, Long-spined Pricklypear, Purple Pricklypear (terrestrial perennial succulent subshrub, shrub or tree (to 2 feet high); within range reported from hills, bajadas, slopes, flats, valleys and along washes 2,000 to 5,500 feet elevation; useful as an ornamental)

 

Opuntia microdasys (J.G. Lehmann) L.K. Pfeiffer (Cactus microdasys J.G. Lehmann, Opuntia macrocalyx D. Griffiths): Angel’s-wings, Bunny Ears, Bunny Ears Pricklypear, Cegador, Nopal Cegador, Polka Dot Cactus, Prickly Pear, Rabbit Ears (terrestrial perennial succulent subshrub or shrub (to 3 feet high); within range reported from bajadas, flats, along washes and floodplains. EXOTIC Invasive Plant; poses a significant threat to native habitat)

 

Opuntia phaeacantha G. Engelmann var. major G. Engelmann: Abrojo, Joconostle, Major Pricklypear, Mojave Pricklypear, Nopal, Sprawling Prickly Pear, Vela de Coyote, Yellow Pricklypear (terrestrial perennial succulent subshrub or shrub (to 5 feet high); within range reported from rocky slopes, hills, bajadas, flats and valleys in sandy, gravelly or rocky soils 1,000 to 7,500 feet elevation; useful as an ornamental; provides cover for many desert animals)

 

Opuntia santa-rita (D. Griffiths & R.F. Hare) J.N. Rose (Opuntia violacea G. Engelmann ex B.D. Jackson var. santa-rita (D. Griffiths & R.F. Hare) L. Benson: Blue Blade, Dollar Cactus, Duraznilla, Nopal Morado, Purple Pricklypear, Red Blade Pricklypear, Santa Rita Cactus, Santa Rita Pricklypear (terrestrial perennial succulent subshrub, shrub or tree (to 5 feet high); within range reported from canyons, ridges, bajadas, slopes, flats and valleys 2,000 to 4,000 feet elevation; useful as an ornamental. PERIPHERAL PLANT(S), if not a naturalized ornamental)

 

Opuntia spinosior (G. Engelmann) J.W. Toumey: Cane Cholla, Cardenche, Handgrip Cholla, Spiny Cholla, Tasajo, Walkingstick Cactus, Walking Stick Cholla (terrestrial perennial succulent subshrub, shrub or tree (to 10 feet high); within range reported from mountainsides, canyons, hills, bajadas, gravelly flats, valleys, along washes and arroyos and floodplains 1,000 to 5,000+ feet elevation; useful as an ornamental)

 

Opuntia spinosior (G. Engelmann) J.W. Toumey x Opuntia versicolor G. Engelmann ex T. Coulter: Hybrid Cholla (terrestrial perennial succulent subshrub, shrub, or small tree)

 

Peniocereus greggii (G. Engelmann) N.L. Britton & J.N. Rose var. transmontanus (G. Engelmann) Backeberg: Arizona Queen of the Night, Chaparral Cactus, Deerhorn Cactus, Desert Night-blooming Cereus, Desert Threadcereus, Nightblooming Cereus, Queen of the Night, Reina de la noche (terrestrial perennial succulent subshrub or shrub (to 8 feet high); within range reported from bajadas, gravelly flats and along washes 1,000 to 3,500 feet elevation; useful as an ornamental, plant under desert shrubs such as the Creosote Bush, Foothill Paloverde and Velvet Mesquite for support and protection, the large (2-3 inch) flowers are very fragrant)

 

Campanulaceae: The Bellflower Family

 

Nemacladus glanduliferus W.L. Jepson var. orientalis R. McVaugh: Glandular Nemacladus, Glandular Threadplant, Silver Stem Threadplant, Thread Plant, Threadstem (terrestrial winter annual herb; within range reported from rocky slopes, gravelly flats and along washes below 5,000 feet elevation)

 

Cannabaceae: The Hemp Family

 

Cannabis sativa C. Linnaeus subsp. sativa: Marijuana, Mota (terrestrial annual herb. EXOTIC Invasive Plant)

 

Caryophyllaceae: The Pink Family

 

Cerastium texanum N.L. Britton: Mouse-ear Chickweed, Texas Chickweed, Texas Mouse-ear Chickweed (terrestrial annual herb; within range reported from washes 1,500 to 8,500 feet elevation)

 

Herniaria hirsuta C. Linnaeus subsp. cinerea (A.P. de Condolle) A.X. Coutinho (Herniaria cinerea A.P. de Candolle): Burstwort, Hairy Rupturewort (terrestrial annual herb; within range reported from gravelly flats and disturbed areas. EXOTIC)

 

Loeflingia squarrosa T. Nuttall: Spreading Pygmyleaf (terrestrial winter annual herb; within range reported from gravelly and sandy flats and along washes 1,000 to 3,000 feet elevation)

 

Silene antirrhina C. Linnaeus: Catchfly, Desert Sleepy Catchfly, Sleepy Catchfly, Sleepy Silene (terrestrial winter annual herb; within range reported from gravelly slopes, rocky and gravelly flats and along washes and streambeds below 6,000 feet elevation)

 

Chenopodiaceae: The Goosefoot Family

 

Atriplex canescens (F.T. Pursh) T. Nuttall var. canescens: Cenizo, Chamiso, Chamiso Cenizo, Chamiza, Costilla de Vaca, Fourwing Saltbush, Grey Sage Brush, Orache, Saladillo, Wngscale (terrestrial perennial evergreen shrub (3 to 6 feet high); within range reported from rocky slopes, dunes, gravelly and sandy flats, along washes and floodplains below 6,500 feet elevation; useful as an ornamental and in controlling erosion)

 

Atriplex canescens (F.T. Pursh) T. Nuttall var. linearis (S. Watson) Munz (Atriplex canescens subsp. linearis (S. Watson) W. Hall & F.E. Clements, Atriplex linearis S. Watson): Cenizo, Chamiso, Chamiza, Costilla de Vaca, Four-wing Saltbush, Narrow-leaf Saltbush, Narrowleaf Wingscale, Thinleaf Fourwing Saltbush, Grey Sage Brush, Orache, Saladillo, Wngscale (terrestrial perennial evergreen shrub (3 to 6 feet high); within range reported from slopes and gravelly flats below 6,500 feet elevation; useful as an ornamental and in controlling erosion)

 

Chenopodium neomexicanum P.C. Standley var. neomexicanum (Chenopodium arizonicum P.C. Standley): Choal, Fishy Goosefoot, New Mexico Goosefoot (terrestrial annual herb; within range reported from rocky slopes and along washes 4,000 to 8,000 feet elevation)

 

Monolepis nuttalliana (J.A. Schultes) E.L. Greene: Annual Povertyweed, Monolepis, Nutall Monolepis, Nuttall’s Povertyweed, Papago Spinach, Patata, Patota, Patote, Poverty Weed, Suolasavikka (terrestrial winter annual herb; within range reported from gravelly flats, roadsides, washes and disturbed areas below  7,500 feet elevation)

 

Salsola tragus C. Linnaeus (Salsola iberica Sennen & C. Pau, Salsola kali C. Linnaeus var. tenuifolia (H. Tausch) P. Aellen, Salsola kali C. Linnaeus subsp. tragus (C. Linnaeus) P. Aellen): Cardo Ruso, Chamiso, Chamiso Valador, Coast Saltwort, Common Russian Thistle, Prickly Russian Thistle, Russian Thistle, Tumbleweed, Tumbling Thistle, Volador, Wind Witch (terrestrial annual herb; within range reported from rocky slopes, gravelly flats, roadsides, along washes, floodplains and disturbed areas 150 to 7,000 feet elevation. EXOTIC Invasive Plant)

 

Convolvulaceae: The Morning-glory Family

 

Evolvulus alsinoides (C. Linnaeus) C. Linnaeus var. angustifolius J. Torrey (Evolvulus alsinoides (C. Linnaeus) C. Linnaeus var. acapulcensis (C.L. von Willdenow) S.J. van Ooststroom): Acapulco Evolvulus, Arizona Blue Eyes, Dio de Vibora, Slender Dwarf Morning-glory (terrestrial perennial herb; within range reported from rocky and gravelly slopes and along washes 2,500 to 5,000 feet elevation; useful as an ornamental)

 

Ipomoea cristulata E.H. Hallier f.: Scarlet Creeper, Scarlet Morning Glory, Star Glory Morning-glory, TransPecos Morning-glory (terrestrial annual herb or vine; within range reported from canyons, rocky slopes and along washes 3,400 to 4,700 feet elevation; useful as an ornamental)

 

Ipomoea hederacea (C. Linnaeus) N.J. von Jacquin (Ipomoea hirsutula N.J. von Jacquin f.): Blue Morning-glory, Ivyleaf Morning-glory, Morning Glory, Trompillo Morado (terrestrial annual herb or vine; within range reported from canyons, rocky slopes, along washes and floodplains 1,000 to 5,500 feet elevation. EXOTIC Invasive Plant)

 

Crassulaceae: The Stonecrop Family

 

Crassula connata J. Miers (Tillaea erecta W.J. Hooker & G.A. Arnott): Pygmy Stonecrop, Pygmy Weed, Sand Pygmyweed (terrestrial annual herb; within range reported from gravelly flats, seeps, washes, streambeds and moist soil 1,500 to 4,000 feet elevation)

 

Crossosomataceae: The Crossosoma Family

 

Crossosoma bigelovii S. Watson: Bigelow Ragged Rock-flower, Crossosoma, Ragged Rockflower, Rhyolite Bush (terrestrial perennial shrub (to 6 feet high); within range reported from canyons, crevices of cliff faces, rocky slopes, hillsides and along washes 1,500 to 4,000 feet elevation; useful as an ornamental)

 

Cucurbitaceae: The Cucumber Family

 

Cucurbita digitata A. Gray: Calabachilla, Chichi Coyota, Coyote Gourd, Coyote Melon, Fingerleaf Gourd (terrestrial perennial herb or vine; within range reported from plains, gravelly and sandy flats, roadsides, washes and floodplains below 5,000 feet; useful as an ornamental elevation)

 

Echinopepon wrightii (A Gray) S Watson: Wright Mockcucumber, Wild Balsam Apple, Wild Balsamapple (terrestrial annual herb or vine; within range reported from rocky slopes and along streams and washes 3,000 to 4,000 feet elevation)

 

Tumamoca macdougalii J.N. Rose: Globeberry, MacDougal Tumamoc Globeberry, Tumamoc Globeberry (terrestrial perennial herb or vine; within range reported from hillsides, bajadas, slopes, gravelly flats and along washes and arroyos 2,150 to 2,600 feet elevation)

 

Cyperaceae: The Sedge Family

 

Cyperus esculentus C. Linnaeus: Bebollin, Chufa, Chufa Flatsedge, Coquillo Amarillo, Northern Nut Grass, Yellow Nut Grass, Yellow Nut Sedge (terrestrial perennial herb; within range reported from marshes, stream banks and wet ground below 6,000 feet elevation. EXOTIC Invasive Plant)

 

Ephedraceae: The Mormon-tea Family

 

Ephedra aspera G. Engelmann ex S. Watson (Ephedra nevadensis S. Watson var. aspera (G. Engelmann) L. Benson): Boundary Ephedra, Canatillo, Canutillo, Mormon Tea, Nevada Ephedra, Nevada Joint-fir, Pitamo Real, Popotillo, Rough Jointfir, Sanguinaria, Tepopote (terrestrial perennial subshrub or shrub (to 5 feet high); within range reported from rocky slopes, hills and flats; useful as an ornamental; browsed by wildlife, food plant of the Bighorn Sheep)

 

Ephedra trifurca J. Torrey ex S. Watson: Canatilla, Canitilla, Desert Ephedra, Desert Joint-fir, Itama Real, Longleaf Ephedra, Longleaf Joint-fir, Mexican Tea, Mormon Tea, Popotilla, Popotillo, Tepopote, Teposote (terrestrial perennial subshrub or shrub (to 15 feet high); within range reported from mesas, gravelly slopes, bajadas, plains, flats, sand hills, dunes, and along sandy washes below 4,500 feet elevation; useful as an ornamental)

 

Euphorbiaceae: The Spurge Family

 

Argythamnia lanceolata (G. Bentham) J. Müller Argoviensis (Ditaxis lanceolata (G. Bentham) F.A. Pax & K. Hoffmann: Lanceleaf Ditaxis, Lance-leaved Argythamnia, Narrowleaf Silverbush (terrestrial perennial subshrub or shrub; within range reported from rocky slopes and gravelly bajadas 350 to 3,000 feet elevation)

 

Argythamnia neomexicana J. Müller Argoviensis (Ditaxis neomexicana (J. Müller Argoviensis) F.X. Heller): Ditaxis, New Mexico Ditaxis, New Mexico Silverbush, New Mexico Wild Mercury (terrestrial annual or perennial herb; within range reported from rocky slopes, gravelly bajadas, gravelly flats and along washes 1,000 to 4,000 feet elevation)

 

Bernardia incana J.S. Morton: Hoary Myrtlecroton, Mouse-eye, Western Myrtle Croton (terrestrial perennial deciduous shrub (to 7 feet high); within range reported from rocky canyons and rocky slopes 1,500 to 5,000 feet elevation)

 

Chamaesyce abramsiana (L.C. Wheeler) D.L. Koutnik (Euphorbia abramsiana L.C. Wheeler): Abrams’ Sandmat, Abram Spurge, Golondrina (terrestrial annual herb; within range reported from rocky slopes, bajadas, gravelly flats and along washes 150 to 3,000 feet elevation)

 

Chamaesyce arizonica (G. Engelmann) J.C. Arthur (Euphorbia arizonica G. Engelmann): Arizona Euphorbia, Arizona Sandmat, Arizona Spurge, Spurge (terrestrial perennial herb; within range reported from rocky slopes, gravelly flats and along washes 1,000 to 4,000 feet elevation)

 

Chamaesyce capitellata (G. Engelmann) C.F. Millspaugh (Euphorbia capitellata G. Engelmann): Golondrinia, Head Euphorbia, Head Sandmat, Head Spurge, Spurge (terrestrial perennial herb; within range reported from rocky slopes, gravelly flats and roadsides 1,500 to 5,000 feet elevation)

 

Chamaesyce florida (G. Engelmann) C.F. Millspaugh (Euphorbia florida G. Engelmann): Chiricahua Mountain Sandmat, Florida Spurge, Spurge (terrestrial summer annual herb; within range reported from rocky slopes, bajadas, gravelly flats and along sandy washes 2,000 to 5,000 feet elevation)

 

Chamaesyce gracillima (S. Watson) C.F. Millspaugh (Euphorbia gracillima S. Watson): Mexican Broomspurge, Mexican Sandmat, Spurge (terrestrial annual herb; within range reported from bajadas, gravelly flats and along washes 2,000 to 2,500 feet elevation)

 

Chamaesyce hyssopifolia (C. Linnaeus) J.K. Small (Euphorbia hyssopifolia C. Linnaeus): Hyssopleaf Euphorbia, Hyssopleaf Sandmat, Hyssop Spurge, (terrestrial annual or perennial herb; within range reported from rocky and gravelly slopes, gravelly bajadas, soil pockets on rock outcrops, gravelly flats, roadsides and along washes 1,000 to 6,000 feet elevation)

 

Chamaesyce melandenia (J. Torrey) C.F. Millspaugh (Euphorbia melanadenia J. Torrey): Red-gland Spurge, Squaw Spurge, Squaw Sandmat, Spurge (terrestrial perennial herb; within range reported from rocky and gravelly slopes, hillsides and flats 500 to 5,000 feet elevation)

 

Chamaesyce micromera (P.E. Bossier) E.O. Wooton & P.C. Standley (Euphorbia micromera P.E. Boissier): Golondrina, Littleleaf Spurge, Pitseed Euphorbia, Sonoran Sandmat (terrestrial annual herb; within range reported from bajadas, gravelly and sandy flats and washes 500 to 5,000 feet elevation)

 

Chamaesyce pediculifera (G. Engelmann) J.N. Rose & P.C. Standley (Euphorbia pediculifera G. Engelmann): Carrizo Mountain Sandmat, Carrizo Mountain Spurge, Golondrina, Spurge, Louse Spurge (terrestrial perennial herb; within range reported from rocky slopes, bajadas, gravelly flats, roadsides and along washes 500 to 4,000 feet elevation)

 

Chamaesyce polycarpa (G. Bentham) C.F. Millspaugh ex S.B. Parish (Euphorbia polycarpa G. Bentham): Desert Spurge, Golondrina, Smallseed Sandmat, Smallseed Spurge (terrestrial annual or perennial herb, within range reported from gravelly and sandy mesas, gravelly and sandy plains, sandy flats, roadsides and along washes 500 to 3,000 feet elevation)

 

Chamaesyce setiloba (G. Engelmann ex J. Torrey) C.F. Millspaugh ex S.B. Parish (Euphorbia setiloba G. Engelmann): Bristlelobe Sandmat, Bristlelobe Spurge, Golondrina, Fringed Spurge, Yuma Sandmat, Yuma Spurge (terrestrial summer annual herb; within range reported from rocky slopes, bajadas, rocky and gravelly flats, roadsides and along washes 200 to 5,000 feet elevation)

 

Croton sonorae J. Torrey: Rama Blanca, Sonora Croton, Sonoran Croton, Vera Prieta (terrestrial perennial shrub (to 7 feet high); within range reported from rocky slopes 2,000 to 3,000 feet elevation)

 

Euphorbia eriantha G. Bentham: Beetle Spurge, Desert Poinsettia, Threaded Spurge, Woollyflower Euphorbia (terrestrial annual herb; within range reported from canyons, rocky slopes and along washes 300 to 3,500 feet elevation)

 

Euphorbia heterophylla C. Linnaeus: Catalina, Japanese Poinsettia, Mexican Fireplant, Painted Spurge, Picachalih, Summer Poinsettia, Wild Poinsettia (terrestrial annual or perennial herb; within range reported from rocky slopes, soil pockets in outcrops and along washes 2,500 to 5,000 feet elevation)

 

Jatropha cardiophylla (J. Torrey) J. Müller Argoviensis: Limber Bush, Matacora, Sangre de Cristo Sangre-de-drago, Sangregrado, Sangrengado, Torote (terrestrial perennial deciduous shrub (to 5 feet high); within range reported from mesas, rocky slopes, foothills, bajadas, plains and along washes and arroyos 2,000 to 3,000 feet elevation; useful as an ornamental, emerald green leaves appear around the time of the first rains and then provide color when the leaves turn gold in the fall)

 

Tragia ramosa J. Torrey (Tragia nepetifolia A.J. Cavanilles var. leptophylla (J. Torrey) L.H. Shinners, Tragia nepetifolia A.J. Cavanilles var. ramosa (J. Torrey) J. Müller Argoviensis, Traiga stylaris J. Müller Argoviensis): Branched Noseburn, Catnip Noseburn, Netleaf Noseburn, Ortiguilla, Ranuriki (terrestrial perennial herb, subshrub or shrub; within range reported from rocky slopes and along washes 2,500 to 7,000 feet elevation)

 

Fabaceae (Leguminosae): The Pea Family

 

Acacia constricta G. Bentham: Chaparro Prieto, Common Whitethorn, Garabato, Gigantillo, Huisache, Largoncillo, Mescat Acacia, Vara Prieta, Vinorama, Whitethorn Acacia, White Thorn (terrestrial perennial deciduous shrub or tree (to 10 feet high); within range reported from mesas, canyons, rocky slopes, ridges, gravelly bajadas, gravelly flats, floodplains and along washes and arroyos 2,500 to 5,000 feet elevation; useful as an ornamental, the flowers are fragrant)

 

Acacia greggii A. Gray var. greggii (Acacia greggii A. Gray, Acacia greggii A. Gray var. arizonica P.T. Isley): Algarroba, Catclaw, Catclaw Acacia, Devil’s Claw, Gatuno, Gregg Catclaw, Tear Blanket, Tepame, Tesota, Una de Gato (terrestrial perennial deciduous shrub or tree (to 23 feet high); within range reported from canyons, rocky slopes, floodplains and along sandy washes and streams below 4,500 feet elevation: useful as an ornamental)

 

Astragalus didymocarpus W.J. Hooker & G.A. Arnott var. dispermus (A. Gray) W.L. Jepson: Desert Dwarf Locoweed, Dwarf Loco, Dwarf White Milkvetch, Hierba Loca, Two-seeded Milkvetch (terrestrial annual herb; within range reported from flats, floodplains, washes and disturbed areas 1,000 to 2,500 feet elevation)

 

Astragalus lentiginosus D. Douglas ex W.J. Hooker: Blue Loco, Crazyweed, Freckled Milkvetch, Hierba Loca, Loco, Locoweed, Poisonvetch, Rattleweed (terrestrial annual, biennial or perennial herb; within range reported from mountains, mesas, bajadas, plains, flats and along washes 200 to 7,000 feet elevation)

 

Astragalus lentiginosus D. Douglas ex W.J. Hooker var. yuccanus M.E. Jones: Blue Loco, Crazyweed, Hierba Loca, Loco, Locoweed, Mottled Locoweed, Poisonvetch, Rattleweed, Yucca Milkvetch (terrestrial annual, biennial or perennial herb; within range reported from mountains, mesas, bajadas, plains, flats and along washes 200 to 7,000 feet elevation)

 

Astragalus nuttallianus A.P. de Condolle var. micranthiformis R.C. Barneby: Locoweed, Nuttall Locoweed, Nuttall Milkvetch, Turkeypeas (terrestrial annual or perennial herb; within range found below 7,000 feet elevation)

 

Calliandra eriophylla G. Bentham var. eriophylla: Cabelleto de Angel, Cabeza Angel, Fairyduster, False Mesquite, False Mesquite Calliandra, Guajillo, Hairy-leaved Calliandra, Huajillo, Mesquitilla (terrestrial perennial deciduous subshrub or shrub (to 3 feet high); within range reported from mesas, canyons, rocky slopes, gravelly bajadas, gravelly flats and along washes below 5,000 feet elevation; useful as an ornamental; browsed by wildlife.)

 

Coursetia glandulosa A. Gray (Coursetia microphylla A. Gray): Baby Bonnets, Chino, Chipile, Chipilillo, Coursetia, Cousamo, Lac Bush, Samo Prieto, Rosary Babybonnets, Samota, Tepechipile (terrestrial perennial deciduous shrub (to 17 feet high); within range reported from canyons, rocky slopes, bajadas, flats, among rocks in among rocks in canyon bottoms, rocky slopes and along washes below 4,000 feet elevation; useful as an ornamental)

 

Desmodium procumbens (P. Miller) A.S. Hitchcock var. exiguum (A. Gray) G.H. von Schubert: Tick Clover, Western Trailing Ticktrefoil (terrestrial annual herb; within range reported from gravelly slopes, cliff bases and ravines 3,500 to 6,500 feet elevation)

 

Galactia wrightii A. Gray: Cliff Bean, Wright’s Milkpea (terrestrial perennial herb, vine or subshrub; within range reported from rocky slopes and along washes 3,000 to 6,000 feet elevation)

 

Hoffmannseggia glauca (C.G. de Ortega) I.J. Eifert (Hoffmanseggia densiflora G. Bentham): Camote de Raton, Hog Potato, Indian Rushpea, Pignut, Sicklepod Rushpea (terrestrial perennial herb, subshrub or shrub; within range reported from flats, sandy roadsides and along washes below 5,000 feet elevation; roots provide food for many animals)

 

Lotus humistratus E.L. Greene: Foothill Deervetch, Hill Deervetch, Hill Lotus, Foothill Deervetch (terrestrial winter annual herb; within range reported from rocky and gravelly slopes, gravelly bajadas and gravelly flats below 5,000 feet elevation)

 

Lotus salsuginosus E.L. Greene var. brevivexillus A.M. Ottley: Coastal Bird’s-foot Trefoil, Coastal Lotus, Deer Vetch (terrestrial winter annual herb; within range reported from mesas, rocky slopes, hills and flats below 3,000 feet elevation)

 

Lotus strigosus (T. Nuttall) E.L. Greene var. tomentellus P.T. Isely (Lotus tomentellus E.L. Greene): Annual Lotus, Desert Deervetch, Desert Lotus, Hairy Deer Vetch, Hairy Lotus, Strigose Bird’s-foot Trefoil (terrestrial annual herb; within range reported from gravelly flats and along washes below 3,000 feet elevation)

 

Lupinus sparsiflorus G. Bentham var. sparsiflorus: Arizona Lupine, Coulter Lupine, Desert Lupine, Mojave Lupine (terrestrial winter annual herb; within range reported from mesas, rocky slopes, foothills, bajadas, flats, roadsides and along washes below 4,500 feet elevation; useful as an ornamental)

 

Marina parryi (J. Torrey & A. Gray) R.C. Barneby (Dalea parryi J. Torrey & A. Gray): Parry Dalea, Parry Indigo Pea, Parry Marina, Parry’s False Prairie-clover (terrestrial perennial herb, subshrub or shrub; within range reported from rocky slopes and roadsides; useful as an ornamental)

 

Olneya tesota A. Gray: Comitin, Arizona Ironwood, Desert Ironwood, Ironwood, Palo de Hierro, Palo Fierro, Tesota (terrestrial perennial evergreen shrub or tree (to 30 feet high); within range reported from mesas, rocky canyons, rocky slopes, hills, bajadas, flats, floodplains and along washes below 2,500 feet elevation; useful as an ornamental; trees are browsed by Bighorn Sheep, the seeds are an important food of desert animals)

 

Parkinsonia florida (G. Bentham ex A. Gray) S. Watson (Cercidium floridum G. Bentham): Blue Paloverde, Paloverde (terrestrial perennial deciduous shrub or tree (to 30 feet high); within range reported from canyons, hills, bajadas, slopes, flats, roadsides, floodplains and along sandy washes below 6,000 feet elevation; useful as an ornamental with a very showy display of yellow flowers in the spring; twigs and seed pods are browsed by wildlife, seeds are eaten by birds and rodents; useful in controlling erosion)

 

Parkinsonia microphylla J. Torrey (Cercidium microphyllum (J. Torrey) J.N. Rose & I.M. Johnston): Dipua, Foothill Paloverde, Hillside Paloverde, Horsebean, Little Horsebean, Little Leaf Horsebean, Little Leaf Paloverde, Paloverde, Yellow Paloverde (terrestrial perennial deciduous shrub or tree (to 25 feet high); within range reported from mesas, canyons, rocky slopes, hillsides, gravelly bajadas and gravelly flats below 4,000 feet elevation; useful as an ornamental)

 

Phaseolus acutifolius A. Gray var. latifolius G.F. Freeman: Frijol, Tepary Bean, Wild Tepary Bean, Texas Bean (terrestrial annual herb or vine; within range reported from disturbed areas 3,000 to 6,000 feet elevation)

 

Phaseolus filiformis G. Bentham (Phaseolus wrightii A. Gray): Desert Bean, Slimjim Bean, Wright Bean (terrestrial annual or perennial herb or vine; within range reported from canyons and rocky slopes 1,000 to 4,000 feet elevation)

 

Prosopis velutina E.O. Wooton (Prosopis juliflora (O. Swartz) A.P. de Condolle var. velutina (E.O. Wooton) C.S. Sargent): Algarroba, Chachaca, Mesquite, Mezquite, Velvet Mesquite (terrestrial perennial deciduous shrub or tree (20 to 50 feet high); within range reported from mesas, canyons, bajadas, slopes, gravelly flats, roadsides, along washes and streams and floodplains below 6,000 feet elevation; useful as an ornamental; provides food and shelter for many species of wildlife)

 

Senna covesii (A. Gray) J.B. Irwin & R.C. Barneby (Cassia covesii A. Gray): Coves’ Cassia, Cove Senna, Dais, Daisillo, Desert Senna, Hojasen, Rosemaria, Rattlebox, Rattleweed (terrestrial perennial herb, subshrub or shrub (to 2 feet high); within range reported from rocky slopes, gravelly bajadas, gravelly flats, roadsides and disturbed areas 1,000 to 3,000 feet elevation; useful as an ornamental)

 

Vicia ludoviciana T. Nuttall subsp. ludoviciana (Vicia exigua T. Nuttall): Louisiana Vetch, Slender Vetch, Slim Vetch, Vetch (terrestrial annual herb or vine; within range reported from canyons, rocky and gravelly slopes and along washes and streambeds below 4,000 feet elevation)

 

Fagaceae: The Beech Family

 

Quercus turbinella E.L. Greene: California Scrub Oak, Desert Scrub Oak, Scrub Oak, Scrub Live Oak, Shrub Live Oak, Sonoran Scrub Oak, Turbinella Oak, Tucker Oak (terrestrial perennial evergreen shrub or tree (to 15 feet high); within range reported from canyons, rocky slopes and hills below 8,000 feet elevation; useful as an ornamental)

 

Fouquieriaceae: The Ocotillo Family

 

Fouquieria splendens G. Engelmann: Albarda, Barda, Candle Bush, Candle Wood, Coach Whip, Flamingsword, Jacob’s Staff, Monkey-tail, Ocotillo, Ocotillo del Corral, Slimwood, Vine Cactus (terrestrial perennial shrub (7 to 33 feet high); within range reported from mesas, rocky slopes, hills, bajadas, plains and gravelly flats below 6,500 feet elevation; useful as an ornamental; a preferred food plant of Costa’s Hummingbird)

 

Fumariaceae: The Fumitory Family

 

Fumaria parviflora J.B. de Lamarck: Fineleaf Fumitory, Fumitory (terrestrial annual herb; within range reported from slopes, sandy banks, washes and disturbed areas. EXOTIC)

 

Geraniaceae: The Geranium Family

 

Erodium cicutarium (C. Linnaeus) C.L. L'Héritier de Brutelle: Afilaree, Alfilaria, Alfilerilla, Alfilerillo, Clocks, Common Stork’s Bill, Filaree, Heron Bill, Red-stem Filaree, Redstem Stork’s Bill (terrestrial winter annual or biennial herb; within range reported from mesas, bajadas, plains, gravelly flats, roadsides and disturbed areas below 7,000 feet elevation. EXOTIC; poses a significant threat to native habitat)

 

Erodium texanum A. Gray: Alfilerilla, Desert Stork’s Bill, False Filaree, Large-flowered Stork’s Bill, Texas Stork’s Bill (terrestrial winter annual or biennial herb; within range reported from mesas, bajadas, plains, rocky and gravelly flats, roadsides and along washes 1,000 to 4,500 feet elevation)

 

Hydrophyllaceae: The Waterleaf Family

 

Eucrypta chrysanthemifolia (G. Bentham) E.L. Greene var. bipinnatifida (J. Torrey) L. Constance: Common Eucrypta, Spotted Hideseed, Torrey Eucrypta (terrestrial annual herb; within range reported from rocky slopes and flats below 3,000 feet elevation)

 

Eucrypta micrantha (J. Torrey) A.A. Heller: Dainty Desert Hideseed, Peluda, Smallflower Eucrypta, Small-flowered Eucrypta (terrestrial winter annual herb; within range reported from canyons and rocky slopes and gravelly flats below 4,000 feet elevation)

 

Nama hispidum A. Gray (Nama hispidum A. Gray var. spathulatum (J. Torrey) C.L. Hitchcock): Bristly Nama, Hispid Nama, Morada, Purple Mat, Rough Nama, Sand Bells (terrestrial long lived annual herb; within range reported from mesas, bajadas, plains, gravelly flats, roadsides, along washes and sandy streambeds and sandy soils below 5,000 feet elevation)

 

Phacelia affinis A. Gray: Limestone Phacelia, Limestone Scorpionweed, Purple Bell Phacelia, Purple Bell (terrestrial annual herb; within range reported from gravelly slopes, along washes and streams and seeps 2,000 to 4,000 feet elevation)

 

Phacelia arizonica A. Gray: Arizona Phacelia, Arizona Scorpionweed (terrestrial winter annual or perennial herb; within range reported from mesas, plains and flats 1,500 to 5,000 feet elevation)

 

Phacelia caerulea E.L. Greene (Phacelia coerulea E.L. Greene): Blue Phacelia, Caterpillar Weed, Skyblue Phacelia (terrestrial annual herb; within range reported from rocky slopes, flats, roadsides and along washes 2,000 to 5,000 feet elevation)

 

Phacelia crenulata J. Torrey ex S. Watson var. crenulata: Cleftleaf Wild Heliotrope, Common Phacelia, Caterpillar Weed, Cleftleaf Wild Heliotrope, Desert Heliotrope, Scalloped Phacelia, Scorpionweed (terrestrial winter annual herb; within range reported from mesas, rocky slopes, foothills, gravelly bajadas, plains, gravelly flats, roadsides and along washes below 4,000 feet elevation)

 

Phacelia cryptantha E.L. Greene: Hiddenflower Phacelia, Smallflower Phacelia (terrestrial annual herb; within range reported from mesas, rocky slopes, bajadas, plains, flats, roadsides and along washes 2,500 to 4,500 feet elevation)

 

Phacelia distans G. Bentham (Phacelia distans G. Bentham var. australis A. Brand): Blue Phacelia, Caterpillar Phacelia, Distant Phacelia, Fern-leaf Phacelia, Scorpionweed, Wild Heliotrope (terrestrial annual or perennial herb; within range reported from rocky slopes, gravelly bajadas, slopes, gravelly flats, roadsides and along washes 1,000 to 4,000 feet elevation)

 

Pholistoma auritum (J. Lindley) N. Lilja var. arizonicum (W. Jones) L. Constance: Arizona Fiestaflower, Arizona Pholistoma, Blue Fiesta Flower, Sticky Waterleaf (terrestrial winter annual herb or vine; within range reported from canyons, rocky slopes and along washes below 3,000 feet elevation)

 

Krameriaceae: The Ratany Family

 

Krameria erecta C.L. von Wildenow (Krameria parviflora G. Bentham): Chacate, Coashui, Littleleaf Ratany, Pima Ratany, Purple Heather, Range Ratany, Small-flower Ratany (terrestrial perennial subshrub or shrub (under 2 feet high); within range reported from mesas, rocky and gravelly slopes, gravelly bajadas, plains and gravelly flats below 5,000 feet)

 

Krameria grayi J.N. Rose & W.H. Painter: Chacate, Cosahui, Gray Rantany, White Ratany (terrestrial perennial subshrub or shrub (to 2 feet high); within range reported from mesas, rocky slopes, gravelly bajadas, gravelly flats and plains below 4,000 feet elevation)

 

Lamiaceae (Labiatae): The Mint Family

 

Hedeoma nana (J. Torrey) J.I. Briquet subsp. macrocalyx W.S. Stewart: Dwarf False Pennyroyal, False Pennyroyal, Low Hedeoma, Mock-pennyroyal, Oregano (terrestrial annual or perennial herb; within range reported from rocky slopes and flats 650 to 5,500 feet elevation)

 

Hyptis emoryi J. Torrey: Bee Sage, Desert Lavender, Salvia (terrestrial perennial shrub (to 10 feet high); within range reported from canyons, rocky slopes, among boulders and along sandy washes below 5,000 feet elevation; useful as an ornamental)

 

Monardella arizonica C.C. Epling: Arizona Monardella, Arizona Mountainbalm, Bee Balm (terrestrial perennial herb or subshrub; within range reported from rocky ledges in canyons and springs 2,000 to 4,000 feet elevation)

 

Salvia columbariae G. Bentham var. columbariae: California Sage, Chia (terrestrial winter annual herb; within range reported from gravelly bajadas, gravelly flats and along sandy washes below 3,500 feet elevation)

 

Stachys coccinea C.G. de Ortega: Betony, Red Mint, Scarlet Hedgenettle, Scarlet Sage, Texas Betony (terrestrial perennial herb; within range reported from canyons, rocky and stony slopes, rock crevices, among boulders, along washes and moist soils 1,500 to 8,000 feet elevation; useful as an ornamental)

 

Liliaceae: The Lily Family

 

Allium macropetalum P.A. Rydberg: Arizona Onion, Cebollin, Desert Onion, Largeflower Onion, Large-petal Onion, Wild Onion (terrestrial perennial herb; within range reported from rocky and gravelly slopes, gravelly bajadas and gravelly flats 1,000 to 7,000 feet elevation; useful as an ornamental)

 

Calochortus kennedyi T.C. Porter: Desert Mariposa, Desert Mariposa Lily, Desert Mariposa Tulip, Mariposa Lily, Red Mariposa Lily (terrestrial perennial herb; within range reported from rocky slopes, ridges, hills, bajadas and flats below 5,000 feet elevation; useful as an ornamental)

 

Dichelostemma capitatum (G. Bentham) W. Wood subsp. pauciflorum (J. Torrey) G. Keator (Dichelostemma pulchellum (R.A. Salisbury) A.A. Heller var. pauciflorum (J. Torrey) R.F. Hoover): Bluedicks, Brodiaea, Covena, Coveria, Desert Hyacinth, Few-flowered Covena, Grass Nuts, Papago Lily, Purplehead, Wild Hyacinth terrestrial perennial herb; within range reported from rocky slopes, bajadas and gravelly flats below 5,000 feet elevation; useful as an ornamental)

 

Linaceae: The Flax Family

 

Linum lewisii F.T. Pursh: Blue Flax, Lewis Flax, Prairie Flax, Western Blue Flax (terrestrial winter annual or perennial herb, subshrub or shrub (to 3 feet high); within range reported from mesas, rocky slopes and gravelly flats 3,500 to 9,500 feet elevation; useful as an ornamental)

 

Loasaceae: Blazingstar Family

 

Mentzelia affinis E.L. Greene: Blazing Star, Pega Pega, Stickleaf, Triangle-seed, Yellowcomet (terrestrial annual herb; within range reported from canyons, rocky slopes, roadsides and along washes 1,500 to 2,500 feet elevation)

 

Mentzelia involucrata S. Watson: Bracted Blazing Star, Desert Blazing Star, Sand Blazing Star, Blazing Star, Whitebract Blazingstar, White Bract Stickleaf (terrestrial annual herb; within range reported from dry, sandy soils below 3,000 feet elevation)

 

Malpighiaceae: The Barbados-cherry Family

 

Janusia gracilis A. Gray: Desert Vine, Fermina, Slender Janusia (terrestrial perennial vine or woody climber; within range reported from rocky slopes, gravelly bajadas and gravelly flats; useful as an ornamental 1,000 to 5,000 feet elevation; useful as an ornamental)

 

Malvaceae: The Mallow Family

 

Abutilon abutiloides (N.J. von Jacquin) C.A. Garcke ex N.L. Britton & W.M. Wilson: Berlandier Abutilon, Indian Mallow, Shrubby Indian Mallow (terrestrial perennial herb, subshrub or shrub; within range reported from bajadas and along washes; food and nesting plant of the caterpillar of the Arizona Powdered-skipper)

 

Abutilon incanum (J.H. Link) R. Sweet: Hoary Abutilon, Hoary Indian Mallow, Indian Mallow, Pelotazo, Pelotazo Chico, Tronadora (terrestrial perennial subshrub or shrub (to 6 feet high); within range reported from rocky slopes 1,000 to 4,000 feet elevation)

 

Abutilon malacum S. Watson: Indian Mallow, Yellow Abutilon, Yellow Indian Mallow (terrestrial perennial subshrub or shrub; within range reported from rocky slopes)

 

Abutilon mollicomum (C.L. von Wildenow) R. Sweet (Abutilon sonorae A.Gray) Indian Mallow, Pintapan Cimarron, Sonoran Indian Mallow (terrestrial perennial herb, subshrub or shrub; within range reported from canyons, rocky slopes, stream beds and along washes 3,000 to 4,500 feet elevation)

 

Abutilon parishii S. Watson: Indian Mallow, Parish’s Indian Mallow, Tucson Indian Mallow, Pima Indian Mallow (terrestrial perennial herb, subshrub or shrub; within range reported from canyon bottoms, rocky slopes, among boulders and drainages 2,400 to 5,000 feet elevation)

 

Abutilon parvulum A. Gray: Indian Mallow, Dwarf Indian Mallow, Small Leaf Indian Mallow (terrestrial perennial herb, subshrub or shrub; within range reported from rocky slopes, plains and gravelly flats 2,500 to 5,000 feet elevation)

 

Herissantia crispa (C. Linnaeus) G.K. Brizicky (Abutilon crispum (C. Linnaeus) F.K. Medikus; Bogenhardia crispa (C. Linnaeus) T.H. Kearney, Gayoides crispum (C. Linnaeus) J.K. Small): Bladdermallow, Curly Abutilon, False Indian Mallow, Netvein Herissantia (terrestrial annual or perennial herb, vine or subshrub; within range reported from canyons, rocky slopes and gravelly flats below 3,500 feet elevation; food and nesting plant of the caterpillar of the Erichson’s White-skipper)

 

Hibiscus biseptus S. Watson: Arizona Rosemallow, Malvita, Sonoran Rose Mallow (terrestrial perennial herb, subshrub or shrub (to 3 feet high); within range reported from canyons and rocky slopes and hills 3,000 to 4,500 feet elevation)

 

Hibiscus coulteri W.H. Harvey ex A. Gray: Coulter Hibiscus, Desert Rosemallow, Pelotazo (terrestrial perennial subshrub or shrub (to 3 feet high); within range reported from canyons, rocky slopes and gravelly bajadas 1,500 to 4,500 feet elevation; useful as an ornamental)

 

Hibiscus denudatus G. Bentham: Naked Hibiscus, Paleface, Pale Face Mallow, Paleface Rosemallow, Rock Hibiscus (terrestrial perennial subshrub or shrub (to 3 feet high); within range reported from rocky slopes, hills, gravelly bajadas, gravelly flats and washes below 4,000 feet elevation; useful as an ornamental)

 

Horsfordia newberryi (S. Watson) A. Gray: Newberry’s Velvetmallow, Orange Velvet-mallow, Yellow Felt Plant (terrestrial perennial subshrub or shrub (7 to 10 feet high); within range reported from canyons, rocky slopes and hillsides and along washes 1,000 to 3,500 feet elevation)

 

Malva parviflora C. Linnaeus: Cheeseweed, Cheeseweed Mallow, Little Mallow, Malva, Small-flowered Malva, Small-whorl Mallow (terrestrial annual, biennial or perennial herb; within range reported from flats, roadsides and disturbed areas below 8,500 feet elevation. EXOTIC Invasive Plant)

 

Malvastrum bicuspidatum (S. Watson) J.N. Rose: Malva Peluda, Mexican Shrub Mallow, Shrubby False Mallow, Tachi (terrestrial perennial subshrub or shrub (to 6 feet high); within range reported from canyons and rocky slopes and hillsides 3,000 to 5,000 feet elevation)

 

Sida abutifolia P. Miller (Sida filicaulis J. Torrey & A. Gray, Sida procumbens E.J. Schwartz): Spreading Fanpetals, Spreading Sida (terrestrial annual or perennial herb; within range reported from mesas, rocky and gravelly slopes, gravelly bajadas, plains and gravelly and sandy flats 2,500 to 6,000 feet elevation)

 

Sphaeralcea ambigua A. Gray subsp. ambigua: Apricot Globemallow, Apricot Mallow, Desert Hollyhock, Desert Globemallow, Desert Mallow, Globe Mallow, Mal de Ojo, Mountain Apricot Mallow, Plantas Muy Malas, Sore-eye Poppy (terrestrial perennial herb, subshrub or shrub; within range reported from rocky slopes, flats, roadsides and along washes below 3,500 feet elevation; useful as an ornamental)

 

Sphaeralcea ambigua A. Gray x Sphaeralcea emoryi J. Torrey ex A. Gray: Hybrid Globe Mallow (terrestrial perennial herb, subshrub, or shrub)

 

Sphaeralcea coulteri (S. Watson) A. Gray: Coulter’s Globemallow (terrestrial winter annual herb or subshrub; within range reported from mesas, gravelly and sandy flats and roadsides below 2,500 feet elevation)

 

Sphaeralcea hastulata J. Torrey ex A. Gray (Sphaeralcea subhasta T. Coulter): Globe Mallow, Mal de Ojo, Spear Globemallow, Wrinkled Globe Mallow (terrestrial perennial herb or subshrub; within range reported from mesas, plains and flats)

 

Sphaeralcea laxa E.O. Wooton & P.C. Standley: Caliche Globemallow, Mal de Ojo (terrestrial perennial herb, subshrub or shrub; within range reported from rocky and gravelly slopes, gravelly bajadas, gravelly flats and roadsides 2,000 to 6,000 feet elevation; useful as an ornamental)

 

Molluginaceae: The Carpetweed Family

(genus Mollugo formerly placed in Aizoaceae)

 

Mollugo verticillata C. Linnaeus: Carpet-weed, Green Carpetweed, Espuelita, Indian-chickweed (terrestrial summer annual herb; within range reported from rocky outcrops, ridge tops, slopes, flats, roadsides and disturbed areas 2,500 to 5,000 feet elevation)

 

Nyctaginaceae: The Four-o’clock Family

 

Allionia incarnata C. Linnaeus var. incarnata: Guapile, Herba de la Hormiga, Pink Three-flower, Trailing Allionia, Trailing Four O’Clock, Trailing Windmills, Umbrella Wort, Windmills (terrestrial perennial herb; within range reported from rocky slopes, flats, along washes and disturbed sites below 6,000 feet elevation)

 

Allionia incarnata C. Linnaeus var. villosa (P.C. Standley) B.L. Turner: Guapile, Trailing Allionia, Trailing Four O’Clock, Trailing Windmills (terrestrial annual or perennial herb or vine; within range reported from below 6,000 feet elevation)

 

Boerhavia coulteri (W.J. Hooker f.) S. Watson: Coulter’s Spiderling, Mochi (terrestrial summer annual herb; within range reported from rocky and gravelly slopes, sandy flats, roadsides and washes 500 to 5,000 feet elevation)

 

Boerhavia diffusa C. Linnaeus: Mochi, Red Spiderling, Scarlet Spiderling (terrestrial annual or perennial herb or vine; within range reported from streambeds)

 

Boerhavia erecta C. Linnaeus: Erect Spiderling, Five Winged Spiderling, Mochi, Spiderling (terrestrial summer annual or perennial herb; within range reported from rocky slopes, soil pockets in rock outcrops, along washes and damp soil in streambeds 1,000 to 5,000 feet elevation)

 

Boerhavia intermedia W. Jones: Fivewing Spiderling, Five-winged Ringstem, Mochi, Spreading Spiderling (terrestrial summer annual herb; within range reported from rocky slopes, damp soil in floodplains, along washes, damp soil in  streambeds and disturbed areas 1,000 to 4,500 feet elevation)

 

Boerhavia scandens C. Linnaeus (Commicarpus scandens (C. Linnaeus) P.C. Standley): Bush Spiderling, Climbing Wartclub, Miona, Pega-polla (terrestrial perennial subshrub or vine; within range reported from canyons, rocky slopes, flats and along washes 2,000 to 4,500 feet elevation)

 

Boerhavia spicata J.D. Choisy: Creeping Spiderling, Mochi (terrestrial annual herb; within range reported from rocky and gravelly slopes, flats, roadsides and along washes and streambeds 1,500 to 2,500 feet elevation)

 

Boerhavia wrightii A. Gray: Creeping Stickstem, Fourwing Spiderling, Large-bracted Boerhaavia, Largebract Spiderling, Mochi, Spiderling, Wright Spiderling (terrestrial annual herb; within range reported from rocky slopes, roadsides, along washes and disturbed areas below 4,000 feet elevation)

 

Mirabilis bigelovii A. Gray var. bigelovii: Desert Four O’Clock, Desert Wishbone Bush, Neakstem Four O’Clock, Wishbone-bush (terrestrial perennial herb, subshrub or shrub (to 2 feet high); within range reported from canyons, rocky slopes and flats below 3,000 feet elevation)

 

Pisonia capitata (S. Watson) P.C. Standley: Garambullo, Mexican Devil’s-claws, Vainoro (terrestrial perennial shrub or tree; within range reported from riparian canyons and clefts in cliffs at 3,200 feet elevation. PERIPHERAL PLANT(S))

 

Oleaceae: The Olive Family

 

Forestiera shrevei P.C. Standley (Forestera phillyreoides (G. Bentham) J. Torrey): Desert Olive, Foresteria, Palo de Tucublate, Shreve Desert Olive, Tanglebrush, Tanglebush, Wild Olive, Twinberry (terrestrial perennial deciduous shrub or tree (to 25 feet high); within range reported from canyons, rocky slopes and along washes 2,000 to 4,500 feet elevation; useful as an ornamental)

 

Menodora scabra A. Gray (Menodora scoparia G. Engelmann ex A. Gray): Rough Desert Olive, Rough Menodora, Twinberry, Twinfruit, Yellow Menodora (terrestrial perennial herb, subshrub or shrub (under 2 feet high); within range reported from mesas, rocky slopes, gravelly bajadas and gravelly flats 1,500 to 7,500 feet; useful as an ornamental)

 

Onagraceae: The Evening-primrose Family

 

Camissonia californica (T. Nuttall ex J. Torrey & A. Gray) J.E. Raven (Oenothera leptocarpa E.L. Greene): California Suncup, Mustard Camissonia, Mustard Evening Primrose (terrestrial winter annual or perennial herb; within range reported from rocky slopes, plains, flats and along washes below 4,500 feet elevation; useful as an ornamental)

 

Camissonia chamaenerioides (A. Gray) J.E. Raven (Oenothera chamaeneriodes A. Gray): Desert Evening Primrose, Longcapsule Suncup, Long-capsuled Primrose, Long-fruit Suncup, Willow-herb Primrose (terrestrial winter annual herb; within range reported from canyons, rocky and gravelly slopes, gravelly flats and along washes below 5,500 feet elevation; useful as an ornamental)

 

Camissonia claviformis (J. Torrey & J.C. Frémont) J.E. Raven subsp. aurantiaca (P.A. Munz) J.E. Raven: Brown-eyed Primrose, Browneyes, Clavate-fruited Primrose (terrestrial annual herb; within range reported from gravelly and sandy flats, sandy places and along washes below 4,500 feet elevation)

 

Oenothera primiveris A. Gray subsp. primiveris (Oenothera primiveris A. Gray var. caulescens P.A. Munz): Bottle Evening Primrose, Desert Evening-primrose, Large Yellow Desert Primrose, Sundrop, Yellow Desert Evening-primrose, Yellow Desert Primrose (terrestrial annual herb; within range reported from rocky and gravelly slopes, gravelly bajadas and rocky and gravelly flats below 4,500 feet; useful as an ornamental)

 

Orobanchaceae: The Broom-rape Family

 

Orobanche cooperi (A. Gray) A.A. Heller subsp. cooperi (Orobanche ludoviciana T. Nuttall var. cooperi (A. Gray) G. Beck): Broomrape, Burro Weed Strangler, Cancer Foot, Cancer Root, Desert Broomrape, Flor de Tierra, Louisiana Broomrape (terrestrial annual herb; within range reported from rocky slopes, bajadas, flats, washes and disturbed areas 200 to 7,000 feet)

 

Papaveraceae: The Poppy Family

 

Argemone ochroleuca R. Sweet (Argemone mexicana R. Sweet var. ochroleuca (R. Sweet) J. Lindley): Cardo, Prickle Poppy, Yellow Pricklepoppy, Yellow Prickly Poppy (terrestrial annual or perennial herb. Exotic?)

 

Eschscholzia californica L.K. von Chamisso subsp. mexicana (E.L. Greene) J.C. Clark (Eschscholtzia mexicana E.L. Greene): Amapola Amorilla,, Amopola del Campo, California Poppy, Desert Gold Poppy, Gold Poppy, Mexican Gold Poppy (terrestrial winter annual or perennial herb; within range reported from mesas, rocky slopes, ridge tops, bajadas, plains, gravelly flats and roadsides below 4,500 feet elevation)

 

Pedaliaceae: The Sesame Family

(Martyniaceae: The Unicorn-plant Family)

 

Proboscidea althaeifolia (G. Bentham) J. Decaisne (Proboscidea arenaria (G. Engelmann) J. Decaisne): Cuernitos, Desert Devil’s-claw, Desert Unicorn-plant, Devil’s Claw, Devil’s-horn, Elephant Tusks, Gato, Guernito, Red Devil’s Claw, Roundbrack Devil’s Claw, Sand Devil’s Claw, Torito, Una de Gato (terrestrial long lived annual or perennial herb; within range reported from mesas, plains, gravelly and sandy flats, roadsides and washes below 4,000 feet elevation)

 

Proboscidea parviflora (E.O. Wooton) P.C. Standley subsp. parviflora: Cuernitos, Doubleclaw, Elephant Tusks, New Mexico Devil’s-claw, Small-flowered Devil’s-claw, Elephant Tusks, Small-flowered Unicorn Plant (terrestrial annual herb; within range reported from mesas, plains, gravelly flats, roadsides, washes and disturbed areas 1,000 to 5,000 feet elevation)

 

Plantaginaceae: The Plantain Family

 

Plantago ovata P. Forsskal (Plantago fastigiata J. Morris, Plantago insularis A. Eastwood): Blond Psyllium, Desert Indianwheat, Fleaseed, Fleawort, Indian Wheat, Psyllium (terrestrial winter annual herb; within range reported from mesas, rocky slopes, plains and gravelly flats below 3,000 feet elevation)

 

Plantago patagonica N.J. von Jacquin (Plantago purshii J.J. Roemer & J.A. Schultes): Bristle Bract Plantain, Indian Wheat, Pastora, Pursh Plantain, Woolly Plantain (terrestrial winter annual herb; within range reported from mesas, rocky and gravelly slopes, gravelly bajadas, gravelly flats and damp soil in streambeds 1,000 to 7,000 feet elevation)

 

Plumbaginaceae: The Leadwort Family

 

Plumbago scandens C. Linnaeus: Climbing Plumbago, Doctorbush, Hierba de Alacran, Pitillo, Plumbago (terrestrial perennial vine, subshrub or shrub (to 1 foot high); within range reported from canyons, bases of cliffs, rocky slopes, streambeds and along washes 2,500 to 4,000 feet elevation; useful as an ornamental)

 

Poaceae (Gramineae): The Grass Family

 

Achnatherum speciosum (C.B. von Trinius & F.J. Ruprecht) M.E. Barkworth (Stipa speciosa (C.B. von Trinius & F.J. Ruprecht) M.E. Barkworth): Desert Needlegrass (terrestrial perennial herb; within range reported from canyons, rocky slopes, hills and plains 3,000 to 7,000 feet elevation)

 

Aristida adscensionis C. Linnaeus: Sixweeks Threeawn, Six-weeks Three-awn Grass, Zacate Cola de Zorra, Zacate Tres Barbas (terrestrial summer annual herb; within range reported from mesas, plateaus, canyons, rocky and gravelly slopes, flats, roadsides, along washes and streams and disturbed areas below 6,000 feet elevation)

 

Aristida purpurea T. Nuttall var. nealleyi (G. Vasey) K.W. Allred (Aristida glauca (C.G. Nees von Esenbeck) W.G. Walpers, Aristida purpurea T. Nuttall var. glauca (C.G. Nees von Esenbeck) A. Holmgren & N. Holmgren): Blue Threeawn, Nealley Three-awn, Reverchon Threeawn, Tres Barbas, Tres Barbas Purpurea (terrestrial perennial herb; within range reported from rocky slopes, plains, flats and roadsides 1,000 to 5,000 feet elevation)

 

Aristida purpurea T. Nuttall var. parishii (A.S. Hitchcock) K.W. Allred (Aristida parishii A.S. Hitchcock): Parish’s Threeawn, Threeawn (terrestrial perennial herb; within range reported from rocky slopes, hills and flats 1,500 to 4,000 feet elevation)

 

Aristida purpurea T. Nuttall var. purpurea: Perennial Three-awn, Purple Needle-grass, Purple Threeawn, Tres Barbas Purpurea (terrestrial perennial herb; within range reported from rocky slopes, hills, plains, flats, roadsides and disturbed areas below 5,000 feet elevation)

 

 Aristida schiedeana C.B. von Trinius & F.J. Ruprecht var. orcuttiana (G. Vasey) K.W. Allred & J. Valdés-Reyna (Aristida laxa A.J. Cavanilles, Aristida orcuttiana G. Vasey): Beggartick Grass, Orcutt’s Threeawn, Singleawn Aristida (terrestrial perennial herb; within range reported from mountains, canyon bottoms, slopes, among boulders, draws, roadsides and disturbed areas 4,000 to 7,000 feet elevation)

 

Aristida ternipes A.J. Cavanilles: Spidergrass (terrestrial perennial herb; within range reported from mesas, plateaus, rocky and gravelly slopes, hills, gravelly and sandy bajadas, gravelly flats, roadsides and disturbed areas below 6,000 feet elevation)

 

Aristida ternipes A.J. Cavanilles var. gentilis (J.S. Henrickson) K.W. Allred (Aristida hamulosa J.S. Henrickson): Hook Threeawn, Poverty Threeawn, Spidergrass, Threeawn, Zacate Arana de Tres (terrestrial perennial herb; within range reported from mesas, plateaus, rocky slopes, bajadas, roadsides and disturbed areas 2,500 to 5,500 feet elevation)

 

Aristida ternipes A.J. Cavanilles var. ternipes: Spidergrass, Zacate Arana (terrestrial perennial herb; within range reported from mesas, plateaus, rocky slopes, bajadas, roadsides and disturbed areas below 6,000 feet elevation)

 

Bothriochloa barbinodis (M. Lagasca y Segura) W.G. Herter (Andropogon barbinodis M. Lagasca y Segura): Algodonero, Bristlejoint Bluestem, Cane Beard Grass, Cane Bluestem, Perforated Bluestem, Pinhole Beardgrass, Pinhole Bluestem, Popotillo, Zacate Popotillo (terrestrial perennial herb; within range reported from rocky slopes, gravelly flats and along washes 1,000 to 6,000 feet elevation; useful as an ornamental)

 

Bouteloua aristidoides (K.S. Kunth in Humbolt, Bonpland and Kunth) A.H. Grisebach var. aristidoides: Aceitilla, Navajita, Needle Grama, Six-weeks Needle Grama, Zacate Saitillo (terrestrial summer annual herb; within range reported from mesas, canyons, rocky slopes, bajadas, flats and along washes and streambeds below 5,500 feet elevation)

 

Bouteloua barbata M. Lagasca y Segura (Bouteloua barbata M. Lagasca y Segura var. barbata): Navajita Annual, Sixweeks Grama, Zacate Liebrero (terrestrial summer annual herb; within range reported from mesas, rocky slopes, hills, sandy bajadas, gravelly flats, along washes and disturbed areas 1,000 to 5,500 feet elevation: useful as an ornamental)

 

Bouteloua curtipendula (A. Michaux) J. Torrey: Navajita Banderilla, Sideoats Grama (terrestrial perennial herb; within range reported from mesas, rocky and gravelly slopes and hills below 7,000 feet elevation; useful as an ornamental)

 

Bouteloua repens (K.S. Kunth in Humbolt, Bonpland and Kunth) F.L. Scribner & E.D. Merrill (Bouteloua filiformis (E.P. Fournier) D. Griffiths): Navajta Rastrera, Large Mesquite Grama, Slender Grama, Zacate Sabanilla (terrestrial perennial herb; within range reported from mesas, canyons, rocky and gravelly slopes, foothills, flats, roadsides and along washes below 5,000 feet elevation)

 

Bouteloua rothrockii G. Vasey (Bouteloua barbata M. Lagasca y Segura var. rothrockii (G. Vasey) F.W. Gould): Navajita Liebrero, Rothrock’s Grama (terrestrial perennial herb; within range reported from mesas, rocky slopes, hills, sandy bajadas, gravelly flats, roadsides and along washes below 5,000 feet elevation; useful as an ornamental)

 

Bouteloua trifida G. Thurber: China, Navajita, Navajita Roja, Red Grama, Three-awn Grama (terrestrial perennial herb; within range reported from rocky slopes, hills, plains and gravelly flats 2,000 to 4,000 feet elevation)

 

Bromus carinatus W.J. Hooker & G.W. Arnott: Arizona Brome, Bromo de California, California Brome, Mountain Brome (terrestrial annual, biennial or perennial herb; within range reported from rocky slopes, moist meadows, roadsides, along washes, streambeds and near ponds 5,500 to 9,000 feet) elevation

 

Bromus rubens C. Linnaeus: Bromo, Bromo Rojo, Foxtail Brome, Foxtail Chess, Red Brome (terrestrial winter annual herb; within range reported from rocky slopes, gravelly flats, roadsides, waste places and disturbed areas 1,300 to 5,500 feet elevation. EXOTIC Invasive Plant; poses a significant threat to native habitat)

 

Chloris virgata O. Swartz: Cola de Zorra, Feather Fingergrass, Showy Chloris, Zacate Lagunero (terrestrial summer annual herb; within range reported from rocky slopes, gravelly flats, roadsides, washes, damp soil of streambeds, ditches, swales, waste places and disturbed land below 5,500 feet elevation)

 

Cottea pappophoroides K.S. Kunth:  Cotta Grass (terrestrial perennial herb; within range reported from canyons, rocky slopes, hills, sandy bajadas, plains, gravelly flats, along washes and floodplains 2,000 to 4,000 feet elevation)

 

Cynodon dactylon (C. Linnaeus) C.H. Persoon: Bermudagrass, Devil Grass, European Bermuda Grass, Pata de Gallo, Zacate Bermuda, Zacate Ingles (terrestrial perennial herb; within range reported from canyons, roadsides, seeps, moist soil along washes, streambeds, cienegas and disturbed areas below 6,000 feet elevation. EXOTIC Invasive Plant; poses a significant threat to native habitat)

 

Dasyochloa pulchella (K.S. Kunth in Humbolt, Bonpland and Kunth) C.L. von Wildenow x P.A. Rydberg (Erioneuron pulchellum (K.S. Kunth in Humbolt, Bonpland and Kunth) T. Tateoka, Tridens pulchellus (K.S. Kunth in Humbolt, Bonpland and Kunth) A.S. Hitchcock): Desert Fluffgrass, Fluffgrass, Low Woollygrass, Zacate Borreguero (terrestrial perennial herb; within range reported from mesas, rocky slopes, rocky hills, gravelly bajadas and gravelly flats below 5,500 feet elevation)

 

Digitaria californica (G. Bentham) J.S. Henrickson (Trichachne californica (G. Bentham) M.A. Chase): Arizona Cottontop, California Cottontop, Cotton-top, Zacate Punta Blanca (terrestrial perennial herb or subshrub; within range reported from mesas, canyons, rocky slopes and gravelly flats 1,000 to 6,000 feet elevation; useful as an ornamental)

 

Digitaria cognata (J.A. Schultes) R.K. Pilger var. cognata (Leptoloma cognatum (J. A. Schultes) M.A. Chase): Caroloina Crabgrass, Diffuse Crabgrass, Fall Witchgrass (terrestrial perennial herb; within range reported from rocky slopes, plains and creeks below 5,500 feet elevation)

 

Digitaria insularis (C. Linnaeus) C.C. Mez ex E.A. Ekman (Trichachne insularis (C. Linnaeus) C.G. Nees von Esenbeck): Cotton Grass, Feather Grass, Plumerillo Café, Sourgrass, Zacate Mano Punta Café, Zacate Taiwan (terrestrial perennial herb; within range reported from canyons, bases of cliffs, rocky slopes, rocky hilltops, plains, roadsides and disturbed areas 3,000 to 4,000 feet elevation)

 

Elymus elymoides (C.S. Rafinesque ) G.D. Swezey (Sitanion hystrix (T. Nuttall) J.G. Smith): Alkali Rye, Beardless Wild Rye, Bottlebrush Squirreltail, Creeping Wild Rye, Squaw Grass, Squirreltail (terrestrial perennial herb; within range reported from rocky slopes, hills, gravelly bajadas, meadows, gravelly flats, sand dunes, floodplains and bottomlands 2,000 to 11,500 feet elevation)

 

Enneapogon desvauxii A.M. Palisot de Beauvois: Feather Pappusgrass, Nineawn Pappusgrass, Spike Pappusgrass, Wright Pappusgrass, Zacate Ladera, Zacate Lobero (terrestrial perennial herb; within range reported from rocky and gravelly slopes, hills, gravelly bajadas, plains and gravelly flats 3,000 to 6,000 feet elevation)

 

Eragrostis cilianensis (C. Allioni) F. Vignolo-Lutati ex E.E. Janchen: Candygrass, Lovegrass, Stinkgrass, Stinking Lovegrass, Strong-scented Lovegrass, Zacate Apestoso (terrestrial long lived annual herb; within range reported from rocky slopes, sandy flats, roadsides, gravelly soils along trails, along washes, damp soil in streambeds, bottomlands and disturbed areas below 6,000 feet elevation. EXOTIC Invasive Plant)

 

Eragrostis intermedia A.S. Hitchcock: Plains Lovegrass (terrestrial perennial herb; within range reported from canyons, rocky and gravelly slopes, hills, plains and flats 3,500 to 6,000 feet elevation)

 

Eragrostis lehmanniana C.G. Nees von Esenbeck: Lehmann Lovegrass, Zacate Africano, Zacate de Amor (terrestrial perennial herb; within range reported from gravelly slopes, gravelly bajadas, gravelly flats, roadsides, along sandy washes and disturbed areas. EXOTIC Invasive Plant; poses a significant threat to native habitat)

 

Eragrostis pectinacea (A. Michaux) C.G. Nees von Esenbeck ex E.G. von Steudel var. pectinacea: Carolina Lovegrass, Spreading Lovegrass, Tufted Lovegrass (terrestrial annual herb; within range reported from mesas, soil pockets on rock outcrops, flats, washes, damp soil in streambeds, moist soil, waste places and disturbed areas)

 

Heteropogon contortus (C. Linnaeus) A.M. Palisot de Beauvois ex J.J. Roemer & J.A. Schultes: Barba Negra, Tanglehead, Tanglehead Grass, Retorcido Moreno, Zacate Colorado (terrestrial perennial herb; within range reported from canyons, rocky and gravelly slopes, ravines, plains, flats, roadsides and along washes 1,000 to 5,500 feet elevation)

 

Hordeum murinum C. Linnaeus subsp. glaucum (E.G. von Steudel) N.N. Tzvelev (Hordeum stebbinsii Covas): Barley, Smooth Barley, Wild Barley (terrestrial winter annual herb; within range reported from rocky slopes, along washes and disturbed areas. EXOTIC Invasive Plant)

 

Leptochloa dubia (K.S. Kunth in Humbolt, Bonpland and Kunth) C.G. Nees von Esenbeck: Green Sprangletop, Texas Crowfoot (terrestrial perennial herb; within range reported from plateaus, canyons, rocky and gravelly slopes, hills and along washes 3,000 to 5,000 feet elevation)

 

Leptochloa panicea (A.J. Retzius) J. Ohwi subsp. mucronata (A. Michaux) R. Nowack (Leptochloa filiformis (J.B. de Lamarck) A.M. Palisot de Beauvois, Leptochloa mucronata (A. Michaux) H.B. Kunth): Desparramo Rojo, Mucronate Sprangletop, Red Sprangletop, Slendergrass (terrestrial summer annual herb; within range reported from canyon bottoms, rocky slopes, roadsides, along sandy washes and streams, ditch banks, tanks and moist disturbed areas 1,000 to 5,000 feet elevation)

 

Muhlenbergia emersleyi G. Vasey: Bullgrass, Cola de Zorra (terrestrial perennial herb; within range reported from canyons, rocky and gravelly slopes, flats and along washes and among rocks in streambeds)

 

Muhlenbergia microsperma (A.P. de Condolle) C.B. von Trinius: Liendrilla Chica, Littleseed Muhly (terrestrial perennial herb; within range reported from canyons, rocky slopes, gravelly flats and along washes below 5,000 feet elevation)

 

Muhlenbergia porteri F.L. Scribner ex W.J. Beal: Bush-grass, Bush Muhly, Mesquitegrass, Zacate Aparejo (terrestrial herb or subshrub; within range reported from mesas, canyons, rocky slopes, gravelly flats and along washes 2,000 to 5,500 feet elevation; useful as an ornamental)

 

Muhlenbergia rigens (G. Bentham) A.S. Hitchcock: Deer Grass, Deergrass (terrestrial perennial herb; within range reported from plateaus, canyons, rocky slopes, meadows, flats and along washes and streambeds 2,500 to 7,000 feet elevation; useful as an ornamental)

 

Muhlenbergia tenuifolia (K.S. Kunth in Humbolt, Bonpland and Kunth) C.B. von Trinius (Muhlenbergia monticola S.B. Buckley): Mesa Muhly, Slimflower Muhly (terrestrial annual, biennial or perennial herb; within range reported from canyons, rocky slopes and along creeks 5,000 to 8,000 feet elevation)

 

Panicum hirticaule J.S. Presl var. hirticaule (Panicum capillare C. Linnaeus var. hirticaule (J.S. Presl) F.W. Gould): Mexican Panicgrass, Roughstalk Witchgrass, Witchgrass (terrestrial summer annual herb; within range reported from rocky and gravelly slopes, bajadas, plains, roadsides, along washes, damp soil in streambeds and seeps and disturbed areas 1,000 to 7,500 feet elevation)

 

Pennisetum ciliare (C. Linnaeus) J.H. Link: African Foxtail, Anjangrass, Buffelgrass, Bufle, Zacate Buffle (terrestrial perennial herb; within range reported from rocky slopes, bajadas, roadsides, along washes and disturbed areas. EXOTIC Invasive Plant; poses a significant threat to native habitat)

 

Pennisetum setaceum (P. Forsskal) E. Chiovenda (Pennisetum ruppelii E.G. von Steudel): African Fountain Grass, Annual Fountain Grass, Crimson Fountaingrass, Fountain Grass, Plumitas, Purple Fountain Grass Tender Fountain Grass, Zacate de la Fuente (terrestrial perennial herb; within range reported from canyons, rocky slopes, bajadas, flats, roadsides, washes, streams, creeks and disturbed areas. EXOTIC Invasive Plant; poses a significant threat to native habitat)

 

Phalaris canariensis C. Linnaeus: Annual Canarygrass, Canary Grass, Common Canary Grass, Southern Canarygrass (terrestrial annual herb; within range reported from waste places. EXOTIC Invasive Plant)

 

Phalaris minor A.J. Retzius: Alpisillo, Alpiste Silvestre, Littleseed Canarygrass (terrestrial annual herb; within range reported from rocky slopes, along washes, moist soil and disturbed areas 150 to 3,500 feet elevation. EXOTIC Invasive Plant)

 

Poa bigelovii G. Vasey & F.L. Scribner: Bigelow’s Bluegrass, Zacate Azule Nativo (terrestrial winter annual or biennial herb; within range reported from canyons, rocky and gravelly slopes, bajadas, gravelly flats and along washes 1,000 to 3,000 feet elevation)

 

Schismus arabicus C.G. Nees von Esenbeck: Arabiangrass, Arabian Schismus, Zacate Arabe (terrestrial annual herb; within range reported from rocky and gravelly slopes, gravelly flats and disturbed areas 1,000 to 2,500 feet elevation. EXOTIC Invasive Plant; poses a significant threat to native habitat)

 

Schismus barbatus (P. Loefling ex C. Linnaeus) A. Thellung: Common Mediterranean Grass, Mediterraneangrass, Zacate Mediterrane Comun (terrestrial annual herb; within range reported from bajadas, rocky and gravelly slopes, gravelly flats and washes 1,000 to 4,000 feet elevation. EXOTIC Invasive Plant; poses a significant threat to native habitat)

 

Setaria grisebachii E.P. Fournier: Grisebach’s Bristlegrass, Ola de Zorra (terrestrial summer annual herb; within range reported from rocky slopes, soil pockets in rock outcrops, flats and along washes and damp soil in streambeds 2,000 to 6,000 feet elevation)

 

Setaria leucopila (F.L. Scribner & E.D. Merrill) J. Schumann: Bristlegrass, Plains Bristlegrass, Streambed Bristlegrass, White-haired Bristlegrass, Zacate Tempranero (terrestrial perennial herb; within range reported from canyons, rocky slopes and along washes)

 

Setaria vulpiseta (J.B. de Lamarck) J.J. Roemer & J.A. Shultes (Setaria macrostachya K.S. Kunth in Humbolt, Bonpland and Kunth): Assaak, Plains Bristlegrass, Xikkaa Kiix, Zacate Tempranero, Zacate Temprano (terrestrial perennial herb; within range reported from canyons, rocky slopes, plains, gravelly flats, along washes and streambeds 2,000 to 7,000 feet elevation)

 

Sorghum bicolor (C. Linnaeus) C. Moench: Broom-corn, Cultivated Sorghum, Sorghum (terrestrial annual herb. EXOTIC Invasive Plant)

 

Sporobolus airoides (J. Torrey) J. Torrey: Alkali Sacaton, Sacaton, Zacaton, Zacaton Alcalino (terrestrial perennial herb; within range reported from plateaus, flats, along washes and bottomlands 1,000 to 5,500 feet elevation; useful as an ornamental)

 

Sporobolus cryptandrus (J. Torrey) A. Gray: Covered-spike Dropseed, Sand Dropseed, Zacate de Arena (terrestrial perennial herb; within range reported from rocky and gravelly slopes, gravelly flats and along washes below 7,000 feet elevation: useful as an ornamental)

 

Sporobolus wrightii Munro ex F.L. Scribner (Sporobolus airoides (J. Torrey) J. Torrey var. wrightii (W. Munro ex F.L. Scribner) F.W. Gould): Alkali Sacaton, Big Sacaton, Sacaton, Sacaton Grass, Wright Sacaton, Zacaton (terrestrial perennial herb; within range reported from plateaus, rocky slopes, flats, along washes, river banks, floodplains and bottomlands 2,000 to 7,500 feet elevation; useful as an ornamental)

 

Tridens muticus (J. Torrey) G.V. Nash var. muticus: Slim Tridens, Tridente (terrestrial perennial herb; within range reported from rocky slopes, hills, bajadas, plains, flats and along washes below 5,500 feet elevation)

 

Trisetum interruptum S.B. Buckley: Prairie False Oat, Prairie Trisetum (terrestrial annual or perennial herb; within range reported from rocky slopes, gravelly flats, moist soil and lake shores 3,000 to 4,000 feet elevation)

 

Urochloa arizonica (F.L. Scribner & E.D. Merrill) O. Morrone & F.O. Zuloaga (Brachiaria arizonica (F.L. Scribner & E.D. Merrill) S.T. Blake, Panicum arizonicum F.L. Scribner & E.D. Merrill): Arizona Panicgrass, Arizona Panicum, Arizona Signalgrass, Piojillo de Arizona (terrestrial summer annual herb; within range reported from canyon bottoms, rocky slopes, gravelly bajadas, sandy flats, roadsides, ephemeral seeps and along washes and streambeds 1,000 to 5,500 feet elevation)

 

Vulpia octoflora (T. Walter) P.A. Rydberg var. hirtella (C.V. Piper) J.T. Henrard (Festuca octoflora T. Walter var. hirtella (C.V. Piper) C.V. Piper ex A.S. Hitchcock): Eight-flowered Fescue, Fescua, Hairy Sixweeks Fescue, Sixweeks Fescue (terrestrial annual herb; within range reported from rocky slopes below 6,500 feet elevation)

 

Vulpia octoflora (T. Walter) P.A. Rydberg var. octoflora (Festuca octoflora T. Walter): Common Sixweeksgrass, Sixweeks Fescue (terrestrial annual herb; within range reported from rocky slopes, flats, along washes and streambeds below 6,500 feet elevation)

 

Polemoniaceae: The Phlox Family

 

Eriastrum diffusum (A. Gray) F. Mason: Blue Star, Miniature Starflower, Miniature Woollystar, Miniature Wool Star, Starflower, Woollystar (terrestrial annual herb; within range reported from mesas, rocky slopes, bajadas, plains, gravelly flats and along washes 1,000 to 5,500 feet elevation)

 

Gilia flavocincta A. Nelson subsp. australis (V. Grant & A.D. Grant) M.A. Day & V. Grant (Gilia ophthalmoides var. australis V. Grant & A.D. Grant): Gilia, Gily-flower, Lesser Yellowthroat Gilia (terrestrial annual herb; within range reported from rocky slopes, flats and washes)

 

Gilia stellata A.A. Heller: Star Gilia, Star Gily-flower (terrestrial winter annual herb; within range reported from rocky slopes, gravelly bajadas, gravelly flats, along washes and sandy soil)

 

Gilia stellata A.A. Heller x Gilia scopulorum M.E. Jones: Gilia

 

Ipomopsis multiflora (T. Nuttall) V. Grant (Gilia multiflora T. Nuttall): Many Flowered Gilia, Manyflowered Ipomopsis (terrestrial perennial herb, subshrub or shrub (to 2 feet high); within range reported from dry slopes 4,000 to 9,000 feet elevation)

 

Linanthus bigelovii (A. Gray) E.L. Greene (Gilia bigelovii A. Gray): Bigelow Gilia, Bigelow’s Linanthus (terrestrial winter annual herb; within range reported from mesas, rocky slopes, gravelly bajadas, gravelly flats and along washes below 3,500 feet elevation)

 

Polygalaceae: The Milkwort Family

 

Polygala macradenia A. Gray: Glandleaf Milkwort, Milkwort (terrestrial perennial subshrub or shrub; within range reported from rocky slopes, ridges and gravelly flats 1,500 to 4,500 feet elevation)

 

Polygonaceae: The Buckwheat Family

 

Chorizanthe brevicornu J. Torrey var. brevicornu: Brittle Spineflower, Short-horn Spine-flower (terrestrial winter annual herb; within range reported from slopes, gravelly bajadas, gravelly flats and along washes below 2,500 feet)

 

Chorizanthe rigida (J. Torrey) J. Torrey & A. Gray: Devil’s Spineflower, Devil’s Spiny Herb, Rigid Spineflower, Rigid Spiny Herb, Turk’s Rug (terrestrial winter annual herb; within range reported from gravelly and sandy bajadas and gravelly flats below 2,500 feet elevation)

 

Eriogonum abertianum J. Torrey: Abert’s Buckwheat, Abert Wild Buckwheat, Wild Buckwheat (terrestrial long lived annual herb; within range reported from mountains, rocky and gravelly slopes, foothills, gravelly bajadas, gravelly flats, roadsides, along washes and disturbed areas 1,500 to 7,000 feet elevation)

 

Eriogonum deflexum J. Torrey var. deflexum (Eriogonum clutei P.A. Rydberg): Flatcrown Buckwheat, Flatcrowned Wild Buckwheat, Flat-topped Buckwheat, Skeleton Weed, Skeleton Weed Eriogonum (terrestrial long lived annual herb; within range reported from roadsides, along washes and disturbed areas below 4,000 feet elevation)

 

Eriogonum fasciculatum G. Bentham (var. polifolium (G. Bentham) J. Torrey & A. Gray - variety reported as occurring in Arizona): Bladderstem, California Buckwheat, Desert Trumpet, Eastern Mojave Buckwheat, Flat-top Buckwheat, Flat-top Buckwheat-brush, Indian Pipe-weed, Maderista (terrestrial perennial subshrub or shrub (to 2 feet high); within range reported from rocky slopes, hillsides and flats 1,000 to 4,500 feet elevation; useful as an ornamental, flowers reported to be slightly fragrant)

 

Eriogonum inflatum J. Torrey & J.C. Fremont var. inflatum: Bladderstem, Desert Trumpet, Indian Pipe-weed (terrestrial annual or perennial herb; within range reported from rocky slopes below 3,500 feet elevation)

 

Eriogonum maculatum A.A. Heller: Anglestem Buckwheat, Angle-stemmed Buckwheat, Spotted Buckwheat (terrestrial winter annual herb; within range reported from gravelly flats and roadsides below 4,500 feet elevation)

 

Eriogonum palmerianum J.L. Reveal: Palmer’s Buckwheat, Skeleton Weed (terrestrial annual herb; within range reported from rocky slopes, ridge tops, gravelly flats and washes)

 

Eriogonum thomasii J. Torrey: Thomas’ Buckwheat, Thomas Wild Buckwheat, Wild Buckwheat (terrestrial annual herb; within range reported from areas with sandy soil below 3,000 feet elevation)

 

Eriogonum trichopes J. Torrey var. trichopes: Little Desert Buckwheat, Little Deserttrumpet, Little Trumpet, Yellow Trumpet (terrestrial long lived annual herb; within range reported from rocky slopes, hills, gravelly bajadas, gravelly flats, roadsides and along washes below 4,000 feet elevation)

 

Eriogonum wrightii J. Torrey ex G Bentham var. wrightii: Bastardsage, Wright Buckwheat, Wright Buckwheat Brush (terrestrial perennial herb, subshrub or shrub (to 2 feet high); within range reported from rocky and gravelly slopes, hills, valleys, rocky banks of washes and alluvial fans 3,000 to 7,000 feet elevation; useful as an ornamental; important browse plant for deer)

 

Pterostegia drymarioides F.E. von Fischer & C.A. Mey: Spreading Buckwheat, Woodland Pterostegia, Woodland Threadstem (terrestrial annual herb; within range reported from rocky slopes below 3,500 feet elevation)

 

Portulacaceae: The Purselane Family

 

Calandrinia ciliata (L.H. Ruiz & J.A. Pavon) A.P. de Condolle (Calandrinia ciliata (L.H. Ruiz & J.A. Pavon) A.P. de Condolle var. menziesii (W.J. Hooker) J.F. Macbride): Desert Rock Purslane, Fringed Redmaids, Red Maids, Rock Purslane (terrestrial winter annual herb; within range reported from mesas, hills, gravelly flats and disturbed areas 1,500 to 4,000 feet elevation)

 

Cistanthe monandra (T. Nuttall) M.A. Hershkovitz (Calyptridium monandrum T. Nuttall): Common Pussypaws, Sand Cress (terrestrial annual herb; within range reported from ridge tops, bajadas, slopes, plains, sandy flats and along sandy washes below 450 feet elevation)

 

Portulaca oleracea C. Linnaeus (Portulaca retusa G. Engelmann by Hatch et al): Common Purslane, Little Hogweed, Pursley, Pusley, Roughseed Purslane, Verdolaga, Verdolagas, Western Pulsey, Wild Portulaca (terrestrial long lived annual herb; within range reported from canyons, mesas, rocky slopes, bajadas, meadows, plains, flats, streambeds and disturbed areas 4,000 to 8,500 feet elevation. EXOTIC Invasive Plant)

 

Portulaca pilosa C. Linnaeus (Portulaca mundula C. Linnaeus): Chisme, Kiss Me Quick, Shaggy Portulaca (terrestrial annual or perennial herb within range reported from mesas and plains 1,500 to 7,000 feet elevation)

 

Portulaca umbraticola K.S. Kunth in Humbolt, Bonpland and Kunth: Purslane, Wingpod Purslane (terrestrial annual herb; within range reported mesas, from rocky and gravelly slopes, plains, flats, damp soil in streambeds and roadsides 2,500 to 6,000 feet elevation)

 

Primulaceae: The Primrose Family

 

Androsace occidentalis F.T. Pursh: Rock Jasmine, Western Rockjasmine (terrestrial winter annual herb; within range reported from rocky slopes, flats, ephemeral seeps and along washes and damp soil in streambeds 1,000 to 5,000 feet elevation)

 

Pteridaceae: The Maidenhair Fern Family

(listed genera formerly placed in the Polypodiaceae: The Fern Family)

 

Astrolepis cochisensis (L.N. Goodding) R.W. Benham & M.D. Windham subsp. cochisensis (Notholaena cochisensis L.N. Goodding, Notholaena sinuata (O. Swartz) G.F. Kaulfuss var. cochisensis (L.N. Goodding) C.A. Weatherby): Cochise Cloak Fern, Cochise Scaly Cloakfern, Helechillo, Jimmyfern, Narrow Cloakfern, Scaly Star Fern (terrestrial perennial herb; within range reported from rocky slopes, ledges, on boulders and among rocks 1,000 to 7,000 feet elevation)

 

Astrolepis sinuata (M. Lagasca y Segura ex O. Swartz) R.W. Benham & M.D. Windham subsp. sinuata (Notholaena sinuata (M. Lagasca y Segura ex O. Swartz) G.F. Kaulfuss): Helecho, Wavy Scaly Cloakfern, Wavy Cloak Fern (terrestrial perennial herb; within range reported from rocky slopes, among rocks and crevices 1,000 to 7,000 feet elevation)

 

Cheilanthes lindheimeri W.J. Hooker: Canaguala, Fairy Sword, Fairyswords, Hierba de la Pena, Kalawala, Lindheimer Lip Fern (terrestrial perennial herb; within range reported from crevices on cliffs and rocky slopes and among boulders and crevices 2,000 to 8,000 feet elevation)

 

Cheilanthes wootonii W.R. Maxon: Beaded Lipfern, Wooton Lace Fern (terrestrial perennial herb; within range reported from crevices on rocky slopes, ledges and among boulders 3,000 to 9,000 feet elevation)

 

Cheilanthes wrightii W.J. Hooker: Wright’s Lipfern (terrestrial perennial herb; within range reported from crevices on cliffs and rocky slopes, ledges, talus slopes, soil pockets on bedrock outcrops and among rocks 1,000 to 6,000 feet elevation)

 

Notholaena standleyi W.R. Maxon (Cheilanthes standleyi W.R. Maxon): Standley Cloak Fern, Star Cloak Fern (terrestrial perennial herb; within range reported from crevices on cliffs and rocky slopes and shaded areas among boulders 1,000 to 6,500 feet elevation)

 

Pellaea truncata L.N. Goodding (Pellaea longimucronata W.J. Hooker): Spiny Cliffbrake (terrestrial perennial herb; within range reported from crevices on cliffs and rocky slopes and among boulders and rocks 2,000 to 6,000 (to 8,000?) feet elevation)

 

Pentagramma triangularis (G.F. Kaulfuss) G.A. Yatskievych, M.D. Windham & E. Wollenweber subsp. maxonii (C.A. Weatherby) G.A. Yatskievych, M.D. Windham & E. Wollenweber (Ptyrogramma triangularis G.F. Kaulfuss var. maxonii C.A. Weatherby): Goldback Fern, Maxon’s Goldback Fern (terrestrial perennial herb; within range reported from rock ledges, crevices and under boulders 2,000 to 5,000 feet elevation)

 

Ranunculaceae: The Buttercup Family

 

Anemone tuberosa P.A. Rydberg var. tuberosa: Desert Anemone, Desert Thimbleweed, Desert Windflower, Tuber Anemone, Windflower (terrestrial perennial herb; within range reported from mesas, rocky slopes, foothills and flats 2,500 to 5,000 feet elevation; useful as an ornamental)

 

Clematis drummondii J. Torrey & A. Gray: Barbas de Chivato, Drummond’s Clematis, Old Man’s Beard, Texas-virgin Bower, Texas Virgin’s Bower, Virgin’s Bower (terrestrial perennial vine, subshrub or woody climber; within range reported from canyons, rocky slopes, flats, open ground and along washes and streams below 4,000 feet elevation)

 

Delphinium scaposum E.L. Greene: Bare-stem Larkspur, Espuelita, Naked Delphinium, Tall Mountain Larkspur, Wild Delphinium (terrestrial perennial herb; within range reported from mesas, canyons, rocky slopes, hillsides, gravelly flats and along washes below 8,000 feet elevation; useful as an ornamental)

 

Myosurus cupulatus S. Watson: Arizona Mousetail (terrestrial annual herb; within range reported from canyons, rocky slopes, seeps, springs, streambeds and along creeks 2,500 to 5,000 feet elevation)

 

Rhamnaceae: The Buckthorn Family

 

Condalia warnockii M.C. Johnston var. kearneyana M.C. Johnston: Crucillo, Guichutilla, Kearney Condalia, Kearney’s Snakewood, Mexican Crucillo, Squawbush (terrestrial perennial shrub (to 10 feet high); within range reported from mesas, rocky slopes, gravelly bajadas, gravelly flats and along washes 2,500 to 5,000 feet elevation; useful as an ornamental)

 

Ziziphus obtusifolia (W.J. Hooker ex J. Torrey & A. Gray) A. Gray var. canescens (A. Gray) M.C. Johnston (Condalia lycioides (A. Gray) A. Weberbauer var. canescens (A. Gray) W. Trelease): Abrojo, Bachata, Barbachatas, Clepe, Garrapata, Garumbullo, Gray-leaved Abrojo, Gray-thorn, Greythorn, Gumdrop Tree, Lotebush, Palo Blanco, Southwestern Condalia, White Crucillo (terrestrial perennial shrub or small tree (to 10 feet high); within range reported from mesas, gravelly slopes, gravelly bajadas, plains, gravelly flats, along washes and streambeds and bottomlands 1,000 to 5,000 feet elevation; useful as an ornamental)

 

Rosaceae: The Rose Family

 

Vauquelinia californica (J. Torrey) C.S. Sargent subsp. sonorensis W.J. Hess & J.S. Henrickson: Sonora Rosewood, Torrey Vauquelinia (terrestrial perennial evergreen shrub or small tree (10 to 30 feet high); within range reported from canyons, mountainsides, rocky slopes, hillsides and flats 2,500 to 5,000 feet elevation; useful as an ornamental. PERIPHERAL PLANT(S))

 

Rubiaceae: The Madder Family

 

Galium aparine C. Linnaeus: Bedstraw, Catchweed Bedstraw, Cleavers, Goosegrass, Stickywilly (terrestrial annual herb or vine; within range reported from canyons, rocky slopes, springs and along washes and streams 2,000 to 8,000 feet elevation)

 

Galium microphyllum A. Gray: Bedstraw, Bracted Bedstraw (terrestrial perennial herb; within range reported from streambeds and along washes below 5,000 feet elevation)

 

Galium proliferum A. Gray: Bedstraw, Desert Bedstraw, Great Basin Bedstraw, Limestone Bedstraw, Spreading Bedstraw (terrestrial annual herb; within range reported from canyons, rocky slopes, ledges, rocky banks, flats and along washes 2,000 to 4,000 feet elevation)

 

Galium stellatum A. Kellogg var. eremicum (M.L. Hilend & J.T. Howell) F. Ehrendorfer: Desert Bedstraw, Starry Bedstraw (terrestrial perennial subshrub or shrub (to 2 feet high); within range reported from rocky slopes below 3,000 feet elevation)

 

Scrophulariaceae: The Figwort Family

 

Castilleja exserta (A. Heller) T.I. Chuang & L.R. Heckard var. exserta (Orthocarpus purpurascens G. Bentham var. palmeri A. Gray): Common Owl’s Clover, Escobita, Exserted Indian Paintbrush, Mohave Owl Clover, Owl’s Clover (terrestrial winter annual herb; within range reported from mesas, rocky slopes, gravelly flats and along washes 1,500 to 4,500 feet elevation)

 

Maurandella antirrhiniflora (F.W. von Humboldt & A.J. Bonpland ex C.L. von Willdenow) W.H. Rothmaler (Maurandya antirrhiniflora F.W. von Humboldt & A.J. Bonpland ex C.L. von Willdenow): Blue Snapdragon Vine, Little Snapdragon Vine, Roving Sailor, Snapdragon Maurandya, Snapdragon Vine, Twining Snapdragon, Vine Blue Snapdragon, Violet Twining, Violet Twining Snapdragon (terrestrial perennial herb or vine; within range reported from canyons, rocky slopes, flats and along washes, streambeds and watercourses 1,500 to 6,000 feet elevation; useful as an ornamental)

 

Mimulus floribundus J. Lindley: Clammy Monkey Flower, Manyflowered Monkeyflower, Monkey-flower (terrestrial annual herb; within range reported from damp soils of ephemeral seeps and springs and wet soil 3,000 to 9,000 feet elevation; useful as an ornamental)

 

Mimulus guttatus A.P. de Condolle: Monkey-flower, Seep Monkeyflower, Yellow Monkey Flower (terrestrial annual or perennial herb; within range reported from moist sand in canyons, wet soil in seeps and springs, pools, along brooks and streams 500 to 9,500 feet elevation; useful as an ornamental)

 

Nuttallanthus texanus (G.H. Scheele) D.A. Sutton (Linaria texana G.H. Scheele): Blue Toad Flax, Oil Field Toad Flax, Texas Toadflax (terrestrial annual or biennial herb; within range reported from mesas, rocky slopes, plains, roadsides, damp soil in ephemeral seeps, along washes and streambeds 1,500 to 5,000 feet elevation; useful as an ornamental)

 

Penstemon parryi (A. Gray) A. Gray: Parry Beardtongue, Parry’s Penstemon, Wind’s Flower (terrestrial perennial herb; within range reported from canyons, rocky slopes, gravelly flats, roadsides and streambeds 1,500 to 5,000 feet elevation; useful as an ornamental)

 

Pseudorontium cyathiferum (G. Bentham) W.H. Rothmaler (Antirrhinum cyathiferum G. Bentham): Desert Snapdragon, Dog’s-mouth, Frog Snapdragon (terrestrial annual herb; within range reported from stony talus slopes below 1,500 feet elevation)

 

Sairocarpus nuttallianus (G. Bentham ex A.P. De Condolle) D.A. Sutton (Antirrhinum nuttallianum G. Bentham ex A.P. De Condolle): Nuttall Snapdragon, Violet Snapdragon (terrestrial annual or biennial herb; within range reported from canyons, along washes and moist sand below 4,000 feet elevation)

 

Veronica peregrina C. Linnaeus subsp. xalapensis (K.S. Kunth in Humbolt, Bonpland and Kunth) F.W. Pennell: Hairy Purslane Speedwell, Jalapa Speedwell, Necklace Weed, Neckweed, Purselane Speedwell (terrestrial winter annual herb; within range reported from canyons, damp soil in ephemeral seeps, along washes and streams and wet areas and around lakes and tanks below 9,000 feet elevation)

 

Selaginellaceae: The Spike-moss Family

 

Selaginella arizonica W.R. Maxon: Arizona Selaginella, Arizona Spikemoss, Desert Spike Moss, Flor de Piedra (terrestrial perennial herb; within range reported from rocky ledges and cliffs 2,000 to 4,500 feet elevation)

 

Simmondsiaceae: The Jojoba Family

 

Simmondsia chinensis (J.H. Link) C.K. Schneider: Coffee Berry, Coffee Bush, Deernut, Goat Nut, Goatnut, Gray Box Bush, Jojoba, Pignut, Quinine Plant, Sheepnut, Wild Hazel (terrestrial perennial evergreen shrub (3 to 6 feet high); within range reported from canyons, rocky slopes, hillsides, bajadas and along washes 1,000 to 5,000 feet elevation; useful as an ornamental; important browse plant for wildlife including deer and bighorn sheep)

 

Solanaceae: The Potato Family

 

Datura discolor G. Bernham: Desert Thorn-apple, Small Datura, Poisonous Nightshade, Tolache, Toloache (terrestrial annual herb; within range reported from gravelly slopes, sandy flats, roadsides, along washes, waste places and disturbed areas below 2,000+ feet. Poisonous)

 

Datura wrightii E.A. Regel (Datura metaloides auct. non M.F. Dunal): Giant Jimson, Indian Apple, Jimson Weed, Moon Lily, Sacred Datura, Sacred Thorn-apple, Thornapple, Tolache, Tolguacha, Western Jimson (terrestrial annual or perennial herb or subshrub; within range reported from mesas, plains, roadsides, arroyos, along ditches and disturbed areas 1,000 to 6,500 feet elevation. Poisonous)

 

Lycium andersonii A. Gray: Anderson Desert Thorn, Anderson Lycium, Anderson Thornbush, Barchata, Narrowleaf Wolfberry, Tomatillo, Water Jacket, Wolfberry (terrestrial perennial deciduous shrub (3 to 10 feet high); within range reported from mesas, rocky slopes, foothills, gravelly flats, roadsides and along washes below 5,500 feet elevation; useful as an ornamental)

 

Lycium berlandieri M.F. Dunal: Berlandier Lycium, Berlandier’s Wolfberry, Terrac Wolfberry (terrestrial perennial deciduous shrub (3 to 8 feet high); within range reported from rocky slopes, rocky foothills, bajadas, gravelly flats and alluvial plains 2,000 to 3,000 feet elevation; useful as an ornamental)

 

Lycium berlandieri M.F. Dunal var. parviflorum (A. Gray) A. Terracino: Berlandier Lycium, Berlandier’s Wolfberry, Terrac Wolfberry (terrestrial perennial deciduous shrub (3 to 8 fee high); within range reported from rocky slopes, rocky foothills, bajadas, gravelly flats and alluvial plains 2,000 to 3,000 feet elevation; useful as an ornamental)

 

Lycium exsertum A. Gray: Arizona Desert-thorn, Desert Thorn, Wolfberry (terrestrial perennial deciduous shrub (3 to 10 feet high); within range reported from rocky slopes, bajadas, flats, along washes and alluvial outwash plains 2,000 to 4,000 feet elevation; useful as an ornamental)

 

Lycium fremontii A. Gray: Frémont’s Desert-thorn, Frémont Lycium, Frémont Thornbush (terrestrial perennial deciduous shrub (3 to 10 feet high); within range reported from rocky slopes, bajadas and alluvial plains below 3,000 feet elevation; useful as an ornamental)

 

Nicotiana obtusifolia F.K. Mertens & H.G. Galeotti var. obtusifolia (Nicotiana trigonophylla M.F. Dunal): Coyote Tobacco, Desert Tobacco, Punche, Tabaquillo, Tabaquillo de Coyote, Tobaquillo (terrestrial annual, biennial or perennial herb, subshrub or shrub (to 3 feet high); within range reported from canyons, rocky slopes, flats, roadsides, along washes, streambeds and disturbed areas below 6,000 feet elevation; flowers reportedly utilized by hummingbirds when other nectar-rich sources are not available)

 

Physalis acutifolia (J. Miers) N.Y. Sandwith (Physalis wrightii A. Gray): Groundcherry, Irrigation Groundcherry, Sharpleaf Groundcherry, Tomatillo, Wright Ground Cherry (terrestrial annual herb; within range reported from rocky slopes, roadsides, moist soil and disturbed areas below 4,000 feet elevation)

 

Physalis crassifolia G. Bentham: Desert Ground Cherry, Thick-leaved Ground Cherry, Tomate de Culebra, Tomatillo del Desierto, Yellow Nightshade Groundcherry (terrestrial annual or perennial herb, subshrub or shrub (to 2 feet high); within range reported from mesas, canyons, rocky slopes, foothills, gravelly flats and along washes 2,000 to 5,000 feet elevation)

 

Solanum douglasii M.F. Dunal: Douglas Nightshade, Greenspot Nightshade (terrestrial perennial herb, subshrub or shrub; within range reported from canyons, rocky slopes and along watercourses 1,500 to 6,000 feet elevation)

 

Sterculiaceae: The Cacao Family

 

Ayenia filiformis S. Watson: Desert Ayenia, TransPecos Ayenia (terrestrial perennial subshrub or shrub; within range reported from rocky slopes and flats 2,000 to 4,000 feet elevation)

 

Ayenia microphylla A. Gray: Ayenia, Dense Ayenia, Littleleaf Ayenia (terrestrial perennial subshrub or shrub (to 2 feet high); within range reported from mesas, rocky slopes, gravelly flats and washes 2,000 to 3,000 feet elevation)

 

Waltheria indica C. Linnaeus (Waltheria americana C. Linnaeus): Basora-prieta, Florida Waltheria, Hierba del Solado, Uhaloa; (terrestrial perennial herb, subshrub or shrub (to 7 feet high); within range reported from canyons, slopes, hillsides, washes and alluvial fans 3,000 to 4,500 feet elevation)

 

Ulmaceae: The Elm Family

 

Celtis pallida J. Torrey: Acebuche, Bainoro, Capul, Desert Hackberry, Garabato, Garambullo, Granjeno, Huasteco, Palo de Aguila, Rompecapa, Shiny Hackberry, Spiny Hackberry (terrestrial perennial deciduous shrub or tree (3 to 18 feet high); within range reported from canyons, mesas, rocky slopes, bajadas, flats, along washes and streambeds 2,500 to 6,000 feet elevation; this plant provides excellent cover for many birds, and the fruit are eaten by many birds and small desert mammals; useful as an ornamental)

 

Urticaceae: The Nettle Family

 

Parietaria hespera B.D. Hinton: Rillita Pellitory (terrestrial annual perennial herb; within range reported from canyons, rocky outcrops and washes)

 

Verbenaceae: The Verbena Family

 

Aloysia wrightii (A. Gray) A.A. Heller ex L. Abrams: Altamisa, Beebrush, Oreganillo, Vara Dulce, Wright Aloysia, Wright’s Beebrush, Wright Lippia (terrestrial perennial deciduous or semi-evergreen shrub (to 5 feet high); within range reported from rocky slopes and along washes 1,500 to 6,000 feet elevation; useful as an ornamental)

 

Glandularia gooddingii (J.I, Briquet) O.T. Solbrig (Verbena gooddingii J.I. Briquet, Verbena gooddingii J.I. Briquet nepetifolia I. Tidestrom): Desert Verbena, Goodding Glandularia, Goodding Verbena, Goodding Vervain, Goodding Mock Vervain, Southwestern Mock Vervain, Southwestern Verbena, Southwestern Vervain (terrestrial perennial herb; within range reported from mesas, rocky slopes, roadsides and along washes and streambeds below 5,000 feet elevation; useful as an ornamental)

 

Verbena neomexicana (A. Gray) J.K. Small: Hillside Vervain, New Mexico Vervain, Verbena (terrestrial perennial herb; within range reported from canyons, rocky slopes and foothills 2,000 to 6,000 feet elevation)

 

Viscaceae: The Christmas Mistletoe Family

(Loranthaceae: The Mistletoe Family)

 

Phoradendron californicum T. Nuttall (Phoradendron californicum T. Nuttall var. distans W. Trelease): American Mistletoe, Desert Mistletoe, Mesquite Mistletoe, Toji, Western Dwarf Mistletoe (terrestrial perennial subshrub or shrub; partial parasite commonly found on Acacia spp., Condalia spp., Larrea spp., Olneya spp., Parkinsonia spp., Prosopis spp., and Ziziphus spp. below 4,000 feet elevation; Phainopeplas feed on the berries and disperse the seeds to other host plants; Verdins nest in the stems; the fragrant flowers attract insects)

 

Zygophyllaceae: The Creosote-bush Family

 

Kallstroemia californica (S. Watson) A.M. Vail: California Caltrop, Little Summer Poppy, Mal de Ojo (terrestrial summer annual herb; within range reported from mesas, canyons, rocky slopes, gravelly bajadas, plains, gravelly flats and along washes below 7,000 feet elevation)

 

Kallstroemia grandiflora J. Torrey ex A Gray: Arizona Caltrop, Arizona Poppy, Arizona Summer Poppy, Baiborin, Desert Poppy, Mexican Poppy, Orange Caltrop, Summer Poppy (terrestrial summer annual herb; within range reported from mesas, canyons, rocky slopes, gravelly bajadas, plains, rocky and gravelly flats, roadsides and washes below 5,000 feet elevation)

 

Kallstroemia parviflora J.B. Norton: Warty Caltrop (terrestrial annual herb; within range reported from mesas, canyons, plains, flats and washes 1,000 to 5,000 feet elevation)

 

Larrea tridentata (M. Sessé y Lacasta & J.M. Mociño ex A.P. de Condolle) F.V. Coville var. tridentata (Larrea divaricata A.J. Cavanilles subsp. tridentata (M. Sessé y Lacasta & J.M. Mociño ex A.P. de Condolle) R.S. Felger & R.T. Lowe, Larrea tridentata (M. Sessé y Lacasta & J.M. Mociño ex A.P. de Condolle) F.V. Coville): Chaparral, Creosote Bush, Greasewood, Gobernadora, Guamis, Hediondilla (terrestrial perennial evergreen shrub (3 to 10 feet high); within range reported from mesas, rocky slopes, plains and gravelly flats below 5,000 feet elevation; useful as an ornamental, characteristic plant of the southwestern deserts with its distribution very closely delineating the desert regions)

 

Tribulus terrestris C. Linnaeus: Abojo de Flor Amarilla, Bullhead, Cadillo, Caltrop, Goathead, Ground Bur-nut, Mexican Sandbur, Puncture Vine, Puncturevine, Tackweed, Texas Sandbur, Toboso, Torito, Torrito (terrestrial long lived annual herb; within range reported from roadsides, along washes and disturbed areas below 7,000 feet elevation. EXOTIC Invasive Plant)

 

 

 

ANIMALS

 

 

BIRDS

 

Odontiphoridae: Quail

 

Callipepla gambelii (Gambel) (Lophortyx gambelii Gambel): Arizona Quail, Cordoniz de Gambel (Hispanic), Codorniz (Gambel) Chiquiri (Hispanic), Desert Quail, Gambel’s Quail, Kikaichu (Tohono O’odham) (feeds on berries, buds, insects and seeds; eggs are laid in a ground scrape or grass lined nests located on the ground under prickly-pear cacti)

 

Trochilidae: Hummingbirds

 

Calypte anna (Lesson): Anna’s Hummingbird, Chuparosa Anna (Hispanic), Colibri Cabeza Roja (Hispanic), Wipismal (Tohono O’odham) (feeds on small insects and nectar; nests are tiny woven cups made of lichens and small twigs located in shrubs and trees)

 

Calypte costae (Bourcier): Chuparosa Costa (Hispanic), Costa’s Hummingbird (feeds on small insects and nectar; nests are leaf-thatched and lichen woven cups located in shrubs and trees)

 

 

MAMMALS

 

Bovidae: Cows, Sheep and Allies

 

Ovis canadensis Shaw: Berrego Cimarron (Hispanic), Bighorn, Bighorn Sheep, Desert Bighorn, Desert Bighorn Sheep, Mountain Sheep, Rocky Mountain Bighorn Sheep  (feeds on agave, brittle bush, bursage, bush muhly, cacti, catclaw, cholla, coffeeberry, desert fluffgrass, desert ironwood, desert thorn, fairy duster; filaree, galleta, grama, jojoba, mesquite, mallow, Nevada joint fir, plantain, prickly-pear, ratany, ricegrass, saguaro, saltbush, threeawn and turpentine broom; found on rugged mountain pinnacles, ridges and slopes)

 

Leporidae: Hares and Rabbits

 

Lepus californicus Gray: Black-tailed Jack Rabbit, “Jackass Rabbit” (feeds on grass, mesquite leaves and prickly-pear cacti)

 

Phyllostomatidae: Leaf-nosed Bats

 

Macrotus californicus Baird: California Leaf-nosed Bat, Leaf-nosed Bat, Waterhouse’s Leaf-nosed Bat (feeds on beetles, butterflies, caterpillars, cicadas, crickets, dragonflies, grasshoppers, leafhoppers, moths and other insects; found in caves and abandoned mine tunnels in the Sonoran and Mohave Desertscrub)

 

Vespertilionidae: Plain-nosed Bats

 

Myotis velifer (J.A. Allen): Cave Myotis, Cave Myotis Bat, Murcielago de Cueva, Southwestern Cave Myotis (feeds on ants, beetles, moths and other insects; found in crevices, holes and pockets in caves and bridges, buildings and abandoned mine shafts and  tunnels)

 

 

REPTILES

 

Iguanidae: Iguanas, et al

 

Sauromalus ater Baird (Sauromalus obesus): Arizona Chuckwalla, Chuckwalla, Glen Canyon Chuckwalla, Western Chuckwalla (feeds on White Brittlebush, flowers and leaves of annual and perennial herbs and insects; shelters in crevices in massive rocks which provide a basking area)

 

Testunidae: Land Tortoises

 

Gopherus agassizi Cooper (Sonoran Population): Sonoran Desert Tortoise (feeds on cacti, grass and herbs; found on canyon bottoms, rocky hillsides, sandy and gravelly flats, dunes, oases, washes and riverbanks)

 

 

 

Listing Footnotes

 

(1) National Geographic Arizona Seamless USGS Topographic Maps. Maps created with TOPO! R C 2002 National Geographic.

                Eloy, Arizona - 15 Minute Series Topographic 1963

                Vaca Hills, Arizona - 15 Minute Series Topographic 1959

                Red Rock, Arizona - 15 Minute Series Topographic 1963

                Silver Bell Peak, Arizona - 15 Minute Series Topographic 1959

               

(2) Walker, Henry P. and Don Bufkin. 1979. Historical Atlas of Arizona, University of Oklahoma Press, Norman, Page 4A and Map.

 

(3) Richardson, M.L. and M.L. Miller. March 1974. United States Department of Agriculture, Soil Conservation Service in cooperation with The Pima County Natural Resource Conservation District, Report ands interpretations for the General Soil Map of Pima County, Arizona and General Soil Map Pima County Arizona.

 

(4) Brown, David E., Biotic Communities of the American Southwest – United States and Mexico, Desert Plants, Volume 4, Numbers 1-4, Published by the University of Arizona for the Boyce Thompson Southwestern Arboretum, 1982, and associated map: Brown, David E. and Charles H. Lowe, Biotic Communities of the Southwest, August 1980, General Technical Report RM-78, United Stated Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Forest and Range Experiment Station, Revised June 1983

 

(5) Nomenclature generally follows that presented by The Biota of North America Program of the North Carolina Botanical Garden (BONAP) with A Synonymized Checklist of the Vascular Flora of the United States, Puerto Rico and the Virgin Islands, Full Index 1998.

http://www.bonap.org/

http://www.csdl.tamu.edu/FLORA/b98/check98.htm

 

(6) Growth habits generally coincide with that given by the National Plants Database. Common names identified in the database have been printed in bold lettering: USDA, NRCS. 2004. The PLANTS Database, Version 3.5 (http://plants.usda.gov). National Plant Data Center, Baton Rouge, LA 70874-4490 USA

 

 

Literature, References and Web Sites Cited, Consulted and Visited for Listings

 

*Arizona Game and Fish Department, Arizona’s Natural Heritage Program: Heritage Data Management System (HDMS)

http://www.gf.state.az.us/w_c/edits/species_concern.shtml

*Arizona Rare Plant Committee. Arizona Rare Plant Field Guide, A Collaboration of Agencies and Organizations.

*Barnes, Will C. 1988. Arizona Place Names, The University of Arizona Press, Tucson, Arizona

*Benson, Lyman. 1981. The Cacti of Arizona, The University of Arizona Press, Tucson, Arizona.

*Benson, Lyman and Robert A. Darrow. 1981. Trees and Shrubs of the Southwestern Deserts, The University of Arizona Press, Tucson, Arizona.

*The Biota of North America Program of the North Carolina Botanical Garden (BONAP) with A Synonymized Checklist of the Vascular Flora of the United States, Puerto Rico and the Virgin Islands, Full Index 1998.

http://www.bonap.org/

http://www.csdl.tamu.edu/FLORA/b98/check98.htm

*Biota Information System of New Mexico, New Mexico Game and Fish (BISON-M)

http://nmnhp.unm.edu/bisonm/bisonquery.php

*Bowers, Janice E. and Steven P. McLaughlin. 1987.  Flora and Vegetation of the Rincon Mountains, Pima County, Arizona, Desert Plants, Volume 8, Number 2.

*Bowers, J.E., and R.M. Turner. 1985. A Revised Vascular Flora of Tumamoc Hill.

*Breitung, August J., The Agaves, The Cactus and Succulent Journal 1968 Yearbook, Abbey Garden Press, Reseda, California.

*Brenzel, Kathleen N. 2001. Sunset Western Garden Book,  Sunset Publishing Corporation, Menlo Park, California.

*Brown, David E. 1982. Biotic Communities of the American Southwest – United States and Mexico, Desert Plants, Volume 4, Numbers 1-4, Published by the University of Arizona for the Boyce Thompson Southwestern Arboretum, and associated map: Brown, David E. and Lowe, Charles H., Biotic Communities of the Southwest, August 1980, General Technical Report RM-78, United Stated Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Forest and Range Experiment Station Revised June 1983.

*Catalogue of New World Grasses

http://mobot.mobot.org/W3T/Search/index/nwgctA.html

*Chamber, Nina – Sonoran Institute & Hawkins, Trica Oshant - Environmental Education Exchange. Invasive Plants of the Sonoran Desert, A Field guide,

*Checklist of North American Butterflies Occurring North of Mexico

http://www.naba.org/pubs/enames2.html

*The Collection, Volume 4 Issue 4, Winter 2002-2003

http://tcbmed.com/Newsletters/Volume4-Issue4-Usnea.html

*Dollar, Derrick; Scott Richardson and Erin Deely. 2000. Mammal Survey for the Mason Audubon Center, Tucson, Arizona USA

*Duffield, Mary Rose and Warren D. Jones. 1981. Plants for Dry Climates, HP Books, Los Angeles, California

*Earle, W. Hubert. 1963. Cacti of the Southwest, Rancho Arroyo book distributors, Tempe, Arizona.

*Epple, Anne Orth. 1995. A field Guide to the Plants of Arizona, Falcon Press Publishing Co., Inc., Helena, Montana.

*Especies Forestales No Maderables - Indices

*Felger, Richard S. 1997. Checklist of the Vascular Plants of Cabeza Prieta National Wildlife Refuge, Arizona, Drylands Institute, Tucson, Arizona.

*Florida Nature

http://www.floridanature.org/

http://www.floridanature.org/copyright.asp

*Gould, Frank W. 1951. Grasses of Southwestern United States, University of Arizona Press, Tucson, Arizona.

*Hawksworth, Frank G. and Delbert Wiens. March 1996. United States Depatment of Agriculture, Forest Service. Agricultural Handbook 709 - Dwarf Mistltoes: Biology, Pathology, and Systematics.

http://www.rmrs.nau.edu/publications/ah_709/index.html

*Haynes, Lisa and Susan Schuetze. 1997. Pamphlet: A Sampler of Arizona’s Threatened and Endangered Wildlife, Arizona Game and Fish Department and Arizona Department of Agriculture.

*The Hermannia Pages: American Species

http://www.meden.demon.co.uk/Malvaceae/Hermannia/American.html

*Heymann, M.M. 1975. Reptiles and Amphibians of the American Southwest, Doubleshoe Publishers, Scottsdale, Arizona.

*Hoffmeister. 1980. Ursus arctos, Specimens in Collections

*Housholder, Bob. 1966. The Grizzly Bear in Arizona

*Integrated Taxonomic Information System (ITIS)

http://www.itis.usda.gov/

*The International Plant Names Index (2004), accessed 2005. Published on the Internet

http://www.ipni.org

*Jepson Flora Project

http://ucjeps.berkeley.edu/

http://ucjeps.berkeley.edu/copyright.html

*Johnson, Matthew Brian. 2004. Cacti, other Succulents, and Unusual Xerophytes of Southern Arizona, Boyce Thompson Southwestern Arboretum / Arizona Lithographers, Tucson, Arizona.

*Kearney, Thomas K. and Robert H. Peebles. 1951. with Supplement 1960. Arizona Flora, University of California Press, Berkeley, Los Angeles, California.

*Laymon, Stephen A. Paper: Yellow-billed Cuckoo.

*Lellinger, David B. 1985. A Field Manual of the Ferns and Fern-Allies of the United States and Canada, Smithsonian Institution Press, Washington, D.C.

*Little, Elbert L. 1980. The Audubon Society Field Guide to North American Trees – Western Region, Alfred A. Knopf, New York, New York.

*Lowe, Charles H. 1964. The Vertebrates of Arizona with Major Section on Arizona Habitats, The University of Arizona Press.

*Maus, Kathryn. September 2002. Checklist for the Plants of the West Branch of the Santa Cruz, Tucson, Arizona.

http://eebweb.arizona.edu/HERB/WESTBRANCH/westbranch.html

*Maus, Kathryn. 12 October 2001. Plants of the West Branch of the Santa Cruz River, Arid Lands Resource Sciences, University of Arizona.

*McLaughlin, Steven P. July 18, 1990. Flora of Buenos Aires National Wildlife Refuge (including Arivaca Cienega), Office of Arid Land Studies, University of Arizona.

*Milne, Lorus and Margery. 1980. The Audubon Society Field Guide to North American Insects and Spiders, Alfred A. Knopf, New York, New York.

*Minckly, W. L. 1973. Fishes of Arizona, Sims Printing Company, Inc., Phoenix, Arizona.

*Missouriplants.com

http://www.missouriplants.com/index.html

*National Geographic Arizona Seamless USGS Topographic Maps

*National Plants Database: USDA, NRCS. 2004. The PLANTS Database, Version 3.5, National Plant Data Center, Baton Rouge, LA 70874-4490 USA.

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